Charge excess signature in the CODALEMA data
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About This Presentation
ICRC talk Charge excess signature in the CODALEMA data
Slide Content
Vincent Marin
for the CODALEMA collaboration
SUBATECH
Nantes France
ICRC 2011 Beijing 12/08/2011
China
Charge excess signature in the
CODALEMA data
Interpretation with
for the CODALEMA collaboration
SUBATECH
Nantes France
ICRC 2011 Beijing 12/08/2011
China
Charge excess signature in the
CODALEMA data
Interpretation with
CODALEMA, Nançay (France)
Radio detection of air showers above 10
16
eV
Autonomous
station
CODALEMA3
CODALEMA2
1.6 km
CODALEMA2
24 antennas (EW
polarization)
triggered by
an array of 13
scintillators
CODALEMA3
60 dual polarization
antennas,
self-trigger,
in acquisition and
deployment
Radio detection of air showers above 10
16
eV
Autonomous
station
CODALEMA3
CODALEMA2
1.6 km
CODALEMA2
24 antennas (EW
polarization)
triggered by
an array of 13
scintillators
CODALEMA3
60 dual polarization
antennas,
self-trigger,
in acquisition and
deployment
CODALEMA, Nançay (France)
Radio detection of air showers above 10
16
eV
Autonomous
station
CODALEMA3
CODALEMA2
1.6 km
CODALEMA2
24 antennas (EW
polarization)
triggered by
an array of 13
scintillators
CODALEMA3
60 dual polarization
antennas,
self-trigger,
in acquisition and
deployment
See A.Bellétoile’s talk
on August 15, Monday
Radio detection of air showers above 10
16
eV
Autonomous
station
CODALEMA3
CODALEMA2
1.6 km
CODALEMA2
24 antennas (EW
polarization)
triggered by
an array of 13
scintillators
CODALEMA3
60 dual polarization
antennas,
self-trigger,
in acquisition and
deployment
See A.Bellétoile’s talk
on August 15, Monday
CODALEMA, Nançay (France)
Radio detection of air showers above 10
16
eV
Autonomous
station
CODALEMA3
CODALEMA2
1.6 km
CODALEMA2
24 antennas (EW
polarization)
triggered by
an array of 13
scintillators
CODALEMA3
60 dual polarization
antennas,
self-trigger,
in acquisition and
deployment
See A.Bellétoile’s talk
on August 15, Monday
This presentation
focus only on CODALEMA2 data
Radio detection of air showers above 10
16
eV
Autonomous
station
CODALEMA3
CODALEMA2
1.6 km
CODALEMA2
24 antennas (EW
polarization)
triggered by
an array of 13
scintillators
CODALEMA3
60 dual polarization
antennas,
self-trigger,
in acquisition and
deployment
See A.Bellétoile’s talk
on August 15, Monday
This presentation
focus only on CODALEMA2 data
CODALEMA, Nançay (France)
Direct confirmation of the
geomagnetic origin of
the air shower electric field
CODALEMA Collaboration, Astropart.Phys. 31 (2009)
E α n x B
Sky map of
radio-detected events
EW component of
n X B
Zenith
angular
distribution
Azimuth
angular
distribution
Prediction
data
Prediction
datan x B
n x B
Direct confirmation of the
geomagnetic origin of
the air shower electric field
CODALEMA Collaboration, Astropart.Phys. 31 (2009)
E α n x B
Sky map of
radio-detected events
EW component of
n X B
Zenith
angular
distribution
Azimuth
angular
distribution
Prediction
data
Prediction
datan x B
n x B
Simulation of ELectric
Field from Air Shower
e
-
e
+
B
•Geomagnetic mechanism contribution
Due to
Lorentz Force
Charge
separation
Transverse current
variation
Maxwell equations
Electric field
e
-e
+
Field from Air Shower
e
-
e
+
B
•Geomagnetic mechanism contribution
Due to
Lorentz Force
Charge
separation
Transverse current
variation
Maxwell equations
Electric field
e
-e
+
Simulation of ELectric
Field from Air Shower
e
-
e
+
B
•Geomagnetic mechanism contribution
Due to
Lorentz Force
Charge
separation
Transverse current
variation
Maxwell equations
Electric field
•Charge excess contribution
Electrons excess
in the air shower
Residual negative
charge
negative charge
variation
Maxwell equations
Electric field
e
-e
+
Field from Air Shower
e
-
e
+
B
•Geomagnetic mechanism contribution
Due to
Lorentz Force
Charge
separation
Transverse current
variation
Maxwell equations
Electric field
•Charge excess contribution
Electrons excess
in the air shower
Residual negative
charge
negative charge
variation
Maxwell equations
Electric field
e
-e
+
Simulation of ELectric
Field from Air Shower
e
-
e
+
B
•Geomagnetic mechanism contribution
Due to
Lorentz Force
Charge
separation
Transverse current
variation
Maxwell equations
Electric field
•Charge excess contribution
Electrons excess
in the air shower
Residual negative
charge
negative charge
variation
Maxwell equations
Electric field
Dominant, already
observed
Second order contribution,
search for its signature in our datae
-e
+
Field from Air Shower
e
-
e
+
B
•Geomagnetic mechanism contribution
Due to
Lorentz Force
Charge
separation
Transverse current
variation
Maxwell equations
Electric field
•Charge excess contribution
Electrons excess
in the air shower
Residual negative
charge
negative charge
variation
Maxwell equations
Electric field
Dominant, already
observed
Second order contribution,
search for its signature in our datae
-e
+
Vertical event at CODALEMA
6
12
18
24
31
37
4349
55
6268
74
80
86
93
99
400 200 0 200 400
400
200
0
200
400
West Eastm
South Northm
Eastwestpolarization
Θ0°
Φ0°
400 200 0 200 400
400
200
0
200
400
West Eastm
South Northm
Antennapositions
vertical shower, 10
17
eV,
145 antennas
Ground core position in (0,0)
EW electric field absolute
value on the ground
x
6
12
18
24
31
37
4349
55
6268
74
80
86
93
99
400 200 0 200 400
400
200
0
200
400
West Eastm
South Northm
Eastwestpolarization
Θ0°
Φ0°
400 200 0 200 400
400
200
0
200
400
West Eastm
South Northm
Antennapositions
vertical shower, 10
17
eV,
145 antennas
Ground core position in (0,0)
EW electric field absolute
value on the ground
x
Vertical event at CODALEMA
6
12
18
24
31
37
4349
55
6268
74
80
86
93
99
400 200 0 200 400
400
200
0
200
400
West Eastm
South Northm
Eastwestpolarization
Θ0°
Φ0°
400 200 0 200 400
400
200
0
200
400
West Eastm
South Northm
Antennapositions
vertical shower, 10
17
eV,
145 antennas
Ground core position in (0,0)
EW electric field absolute
value on the ground
x
east-west asymmetry
6
12
18
24
31
37
4349
55
6268
74
80
86
93
99
400 200 0 200 400
400
200
0
200
400
West Eastm
South Northm
Eastwestpolarization
Θ0°
Φ0°
400 200 0 200 400
400
200
0
200
400
West Eastm
South Northm
Antennapositions
vertical shower, 10
17
eV,
145 antennas
Ground core position in (0,0)
EW electric field absolute
value on the ground
x
east-west asymmetry
Vertical event at CODALEMA
6
12
18
24
31
37
4349
55
6268
74
80
86
93
99
400 200 0 200 400
400
200
0
200
400
West Eastm
South Northm
Eastwestpolarization
Θ0°
Φ0°
400 200 0 200 400
400
200
0
200
400
West Eastm
South Northm
Antennapositions
vertical shower, 10
17
eV,
145 antennas
Ground core position in (0,0)
EW electric field absolute
value on the ground
x
east-west asymmetry of
the radio signal :
consequence of the
charge excess
contribution
Why?
east-west asymmetry
6
12
18
24
31
37
4349
55
6268
74
80
86
93
99
400 200 0 200 400
400
200
0
200
400
West Eastm
South Northm
Eastwestpolarization
Θ0°
Φ0°
400 200 0 200 400
400
200
0
200
400
West Eastm
South Northm
Antennapositions
vertical shower, 10
17
eV,
145 antennas
Ground core position in (0,0)
EW electric field absolute
value on the ground
x
east-west asymmetry of
the radio signal :
consequence of the
charge excess
contribution
Why?
east-west asymmetry
Vertical event at CODALEMA
6
12
18
24
31
37
4349
55
6268
74
80
86
93
99
400 200 0 200 400
400
200
0
200
400
West Eastm
South Northm
Eastwestpolarization
Θ0°
Φ0°
400 200 0 200 400
400
200
0
200
400
West Eastm
South Northm
Antennapositions
vertical shower, 10
17
eV,
145 antennas
Ground core position in (0,0)
EW electric field absolute
value on the ground
x
east-west asymmetry of
the radio signal :
consequence of the
charge excess
contribution
Why?
east-west asymmetry
charge
excess
nXB
total
Destructive
Constructive
6
12
18
24
31
37
4349
55
6268
74
80
86
93
99
400 200 0 200 400
400
200
0
200
400
West Eastm
South Northm
Eastwestpolarization
Θ0°
Φ0°
400 200 0 200 400
400
200
0
200
400
West Eastm
South Northm
Antennapositions
vertical shower, 10
17
eV,
145 antennas
Ground core position in (0,0)
EW electric field absolute
value on the ground
x
east-west asymmetry of
the radio signal :
consequence of the
charge excess
contribution
Why?
east-west asymmetry
charge
excess
nXB
total
Destructive
Constructive
Consequence of the
charge excess contribution
East-west asymmetry of
the radio signal :
Dependence on arrival direction
West
Zenith
North
East
South
B
!B=-27°
!=40°
"=0°
Air Shower
200 100 0 100 200
200
100
0
100
200
West Eastm
South Northm
Eastwestpolarization
charge excess contribution
East-west asymmetry of
the radio signal :
Dependence on arrival direction
West
Zenith
North
East
South
B
!B=-27°
!=40°
"=0°
Air Shower
200 100 0 100 200
200
100
0
100
200
West Eastm
South Northm
Eastwestpolarization
Consequence of the
charge excess contribution
East-west asymmetry of
the radio signal :
Effect on event for different arrival direction
B
West
Zenith
North
East
South
!B=-27°
!=0°
"=0°
Air Shower
200 100 0 100 200
200
100
0
100
200
West Eastm
South Northm
Eastwestpolarization
charge excess contribution
East-west asymmetry of
the radio signal :
Effect on event for different arrival direction
B
West
Zenith
North
East
South
!B=-27°
!=0°
"=0°
Air Shower
200 100 0 100 200
200
100
0
100
200
West Eastm
South Northm
Eastwestpolarization
Consequence of the
charge excess contribution
East-west asymmetry of
the radio signal :
Effect on event for different arrival direction
West
Zenith
North
East
South
B
!B=-27°
!=15°
"=180°
Air Shower
200 100 0 100 200
200
100
0
100
200
West Eastm
South Northm
Eastwestpolarization
charge excess contribution
East-west asymmetry of
the radio signal :
Effect on event for different arrival direction
West
Zenith
North
East
South
B
!B=-27°
!=15°
"=180°
Air Shower
200 100 0 100 200
200
100
0
100
200
West Eastm
South Northm
Eastwestpolarization
Consequence of the
charge excess contribution
East-west asymmetry of
the radio signal :
Effect on event for different arrival direction
West
Zenith
North
East
South
B
!B=-27°
!=25°
"=180°
Air Shower
200 100 0 100 200
200
100
0
100
200
West Eastm
South Northm
Eastwestpolarization
charge excess contribution
East-west asymmetry of
the radio signal :
Effect on event for different arrival direction
West
Zenith
North
East
South
B
!B=-27°
!=25°
"=180°
Air Shower
200 100 0 100 200
200
100
0
100
200
West Eastm
South Northm
Eastwestpolarization
Consequence of the
charge excess contribution
East-west asymmetry of
the radio signal :
Effect on event for different arrival direction
West
Zenith
North
East
South
B
!B=-27°
!=30°
"=180°
Air Shower
200 100 0 100 200
200
100
0
100
200
West Eastm
South Northm
Eastwestpolarization
charge excess contribution
East-west asymmetry of
the radio signal :
Effect on event for different arrival direction
West
Zenith
North
East
South
B
!B=-27°
!=30°
"=180°
Air Shower
200 100 0 100 200
200
100
0
100
200
West Eastm
South Northm
Eastwestpolarization
Consequence of the
charge excess contribution
East-west asymmetry of
the radio signal :
Effect on event for different arrival direction
West
Zenith
North
East
South
B
θB=-27°
!=40°
"=180°
Air Shower
200 100 0 100 200
200
100
0
100
200
West Eastm
South Northm
Eastwestpolarization
charge excess contribution
East-west asymmetry of
the radio signal :
Effect on event for different arrival direction
West
Zenith
North
East
South
B
θB=-27°
!=40°
"=180°
Air Shower
200 100 0 100 200
200
100
0
100
200
West Eastm
South Northm
Eastwestpolarization
Consequence of the
charge excess contribution
East-west asymmetry of
the radio signal :
Effect on event for different arrival direction
West
Zenith
North
East
South
B
θB=-27°
!=40°
"=180°
Air Shower
200 100 0 100 200
200
100
0
100
200
West Eastm
South Northm
Eastwestpolarization
Simulation suggests that
the east-west shift of
the apparent radio core
depends on the
arrival direction
of the shower
charge excess contribution
East-west asymmetry of
the radio signal :
Effect on event for different arrival direction
West
Zenith
North
East
South
B
θB=-27°
!=40°
"=180°
Air Shower
200 100 0 100 200
200
100
0
100
200
West Eastm
South Northm
Eastwestpolarization
Simulation suggests that
the east-west shift of
the apparent radio core
depends on the
arrival direction
of the shower
Prediction for the CODALEMA statistics
Simulation with SELFAS2 of
10
17
eV proton air showers
following the CODALEMA stat:
We need:
•arrival directions
•ground core positions
Simulation with SELFAS2 of
10
17
eV proton air showers
following the CODALEMA stat:
We need:
•arrival directions
•ground core positions
Prediction for the CODALEMA statistics
Simulation with SELFAS2 of
10
17
eV proton air showers
following the CODALEMA stat:
We need:
•arrival directions
•ground core positions
CODALEMA
Obtained with
particle detectors data
Density map
Sky maps of observed
radio events.
Monte Carlo sim. : (!,") and (Xcore,Ycore)
Simulation with SELFAS2 of
10
17
eV proton air showers
following the CODALEMA stat:
We need:
•arrival directions
•ground core positions
CODALEMA
Obtained with
particle detectors data
Density map
Sky maps of observed
radio events.
Monte Carlo sim. : (!,") and (Xcore,Ycore)
Prediction for the CODALEMA statistics
Simulation with SELFAS2 of
10
17
eV proton air showers
following the CODALEMA stat:
CODALEMA array
Simulation
with
SELFAS2.2
using
3002001000100200300
200
100
0
100
200
300
West Eastm
South Northm
We need:
•arrival directions
•ground core positions
CODALEMA
Obtained with
particle detectors data
Density map
Sky maps of observed
radio events.
Monte Carlo sim. : (!,") and (Xcore,Ycore)
Simulation with SELFAS2 of
10
17
eV proton air showers
following the CODALEMA stat:
CODALEMA array
Simulation
with
SELFAS2.2
using
3002001000100200300
200
100
0
100
200
300
West Eastm
South Northm
We need:
•arrival directions
•ground core positions
CODALEMA
Obtained with
particle detectors data
Density map
Sky maps of observed
radio events.
Monte Carlo sim. : (!,") and (Xcore,Ycore)
Prediction for the CODALEMA statistics
Simulation with SELFAS2 of
10
17
eV proton air showers
following the CODALEMA stat:
Event reconstruction
with the CODALEMA
analysis software
Lateral profile E0.exp(-d/d0)
4 free parameters:
E0, d0, XRcore, YRcore
CODALEMA array
Simulation
with
SELFAS2.2
using
3002001000100200300
200
100
0
100
200
300
West Eastm
South Northm
We need:
•arrival directions
•ground core positions
CODALEMA
Obtained with
particle detectors data
Density map
Sky maps of observed
radio events.
Monte Carlo sim. : (!,") and (Xcore,Ycore)
Simulation with SELFAS2 of
10
17
eV proton air showers
following the CODALEMA stat:
Event reconstruction
with the CODALEMA
analysis software
Lateral profile E0.exp(-d/d0)
4 free parameters:
E0, d0, XRcore, YRcore
CODALEMA array
Simulation
with
SELFAS2.2
using
3002001000100200300
200
100
0
100
200
300
West Eastm
South Northm
We need:
•arrival directions
•ground core positions
CODALEMA
Obtained with
particle detectors data
Density map
Sky maps of observed
radio events.
Monte Carlo sim. : (!,") and (Xcore,Ycore)
For each simulated event, the reference frame is
centered on the ground particles shower core
Reconstructed radio cores from simulation
centered on the ground particles shower core
Reconstructed radio cores from simulation
For each simulated event, the reference frame is
centered on the ground particles shower core
Reconstructed radio cores from simulation
#20 m
Global shift
of radio cores
toward the east
centered on the ground particles shower core
Reconstructed radio cores from simulation
#20 m
Global shift
of radio cores
toward the east
For each simulated event, the reference frame is
centered on the ground particles shower core
Reconstructed radio cores from simulation
#20 m
Global shift
of radio cores
toward the east
centered on the ground particles shower core
Reconstructed radio cores from simulation
#20 m
Global shift
of radio cores
toward the east
For each simulated event, the reference frame is
centered on the ground particles shower core
Reconstructed radio cores from simulation
#20 m
Global shift
of radio cores
toward the east
Without charge
excess in SELFAS2
No radio cores shift
centered on the ground particles shower core
Reconstructed radio cores from simulation
#20 m
Global shift
of radio cores
toward the east
Without charge
excess in SELFAS2
No radio cores shift
Particle
shower cores
Particle detector
scintillators
EW polarized
antenna arrays
Radio
shower core
= Scintillator
T
= Antenna EW
T
TT TTT T T
T
T
T
T
T T
T
T
T
T
T
T
T
For each event, the reference frame is centered on the
ground particles shower core
What about the CODALEMA data...
315 reconstructed radio
cores with respect to the
particle shower core
shower cores
Particle detector
scintillators
EW polarized
antenna arrays
Radio
shower core
= Scintillator
T
= Antenna EW
T
TT TTT T T
T
T
T
T
T T
T
T
T
T
T
T
T
For each event, the reference frame is centered on the
ground particles shower core
What about the CODALEMA data...
315 reconstructed radio
cores with respect to the
particle shower core
Particle
shower cores
Particle detector
scintillators
EW polarized
antenna arrays
Radio
shower core
= Scintillator
T
= Antenna EW
T
TT TTT T T
T
T
T
T
T T
T
T
T
T
T
T
T
For each event, the reference frame is centered on the
ground particles shower core
What about the CODALEMA data...
315 reconstructed radio
cores with respect to the
particle shower core
CODALEMA
data
CODALEMA
shower cores
Particle detector
scintillators
EW polarized
antenna arrays
Radio
shower core
= Scintillator
T
= Antenna EW
T
TT TTT T T
T
T
T
T
T T
T
T
T
T
T
T
T
For each event, the reference frame is centered on the
ground particles shower core
What about the CODALEMA data...
315 reconstructed radio
cores with respect to the
particle shower core
CODALEMA
data
CODALEMA
Particle
shower cores
Particle detector
scintillators
EW polarized
antenna arrays
Radio
shower core
= Scintillator
T
= Antenna EW
T
TT TTT T T
T
T
T
T
T T
T
T
T
T
T
T
T
For each event, the reference frame is centered on the
ground particles shower core
What about the CODALEMA data...
315 reconstructed radio
cores with respect to the
particle shower core
CODALEMA
data
CODALEMA
good agreement!!!
shower cores
Particle detector
scintillators
EW polarized
antenna arrays
Radio
shower core
= Scintillator
T
= Antenna EW
T
TT TTT T T
T
T
T
T
T T
T
T
T
T
T
T
T
For each event, the reference frame is centered on the
ground particles shower core
What about the CODALEMA data...
315 reconstructed radio
cores with respect to the
particle shower core
CODALEMA
data
CODALEMA
good agreement!!!
Particle
shower cores
Particle detector
scintillators
EW polarized
antenna arrays
Radio
shower core
= Scintillator
T
= Antenna EW
T
TT TTT T T
T
T
T
T
T T
T
T
T
T
T
T
T
For each event, the reference frame is centered on the
ground particles shower core
What about the CODALEMA data...
315 reconstructed radio
cores with respect to the
particle shower core
CODALEMA
data
CODALEMA
good agreement!!!
What about arrival direction
dependence???
shower cores
Particle detector
scintillators
EW polarized
antenna arrays
Radio
shower core
= Scintillator
T
= Antenna EW
T
TT TTT T T
T
T
T
T
T T
T
T
T
T
T
T
T
For each event, the reference frame is centered on the
ground particles shower core
What about the CODALEMA data...
315 reconstructed radio
cores with respect to the
particle shower core
CODALEMA
data
CODALEMA
good agreement!!!
What about arrival direction
dependence???
0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0
200
100
0
100
200
vBEastWest
c
Westeast
m
—SELFAS2
SELFAS2Σ
Simulation SELFAS2
Dependence on
arrival direction
!
core
West-east
v x B
200
100
0
100
200
vBEastWest
c
Westeast
m
—SELFAS2
SELFAS2Σ
Simulation SELFAS2
Dependence on
arrival direction
!
core
West-east
v x B
0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0
200
100
0
100
200
vBEastWest
c
Westeast
m
—SELFAS2
SELFAS2Σ
Simulation SELFAS2
Dependence on
arrival direction
0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0
200
100
0
100
200
vBEastWest
c
Westeast
m
Internalevents
—SELFAS2
SELFAS2Σ
!
core
West-east
v x B
•Passing usual quality cuts
•Internal to radio and particles array
Internal events
vs CODALEMA data
200
100
0
100
200
vBEastWest
c
Westeast
m
—SELFAS2
SELFAS2Σ
Simulation SELFAS2
Dependence on
arrival direction
0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0
200
100
0
100
200
vBEastWest
c
Westeast
m
Internalevents
—SELFAS2
SELFAS2Σ
!
core
West-east
v x B
•Passing usual quality cuts
•Internal to radio and particles array
Internal events
vs CODALEMA data
0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0
200
100
0
100
200
vBEastWest
c
Westeast
m
—SELFAS2
SELFAS2Σ
Simulation SELFAS2
Dependence on
arrival direction
0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0
200
100
0
100
200
vBEastWest
c
Westeast
m
Internalevents
—SELFAS2
SELFAS2Σ
0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0
200
100
0
100
200
vBEastWest
c
Westeast
m
Externalevents
Internalradiocore,
statisticx2
Internalevents
—SELFAS2
SELFAS2Σ
!
core
West-east
v x B
•Passing usual quality cuts
•Internal to radio and particles array
Internal events
vs CODALEMA data
External events
•
Passing usual quality cuts
•
Internal to radio array
200
100
0
100
200
vBEastWest
c
Westeast
m
—SELFAS2
SELFAS2Σ
Simulation SELFAS2
Dependence on
arrival direction
0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0
200
100
0
100
200
vBEastWest
c
Westeast
m
Internalevents
—SELFAS2
SELFAS2Σ
0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0
200
100
0
100
200
vBEastWest
c
Westeast
m
Externalevents
Internalradiocore,
statisticx2
Internalevents
—SELFAS2
SELFAS2Σ
!
core
West-east
v x B
•Passing usual quality cuts
•Internal to radio and particles array
Internal events
vs CODALEMA data
External events
•
Passing usual quality cuts
•
Internal to radio array
0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0
200
100
0
100
200
vBEastWest
c
Westeast
m
—SELFAS2
SELFAS2Σ
Simulation SELFAS2
Dependence on
arrival direction
0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0
200
100
0
100
200
vBEastWest
c
Westeast
m
Internalevents
—SELFAS2
SELFAS2Σ
0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0
200
100
0
100
200
vBEastWest
c
Westeast
m
Externalevents
Internalradiocore,
statisticx2
Internalevents
—SELFAS2
SELFAS2Σ
!
core
West-east
v x B
•Passing usual quality cuts
•Internal to radio and particles array
Internal events
vs CODALEMA data
External events
•
Passing usual quality cuts
•
Internal to radio array
close to GeoMag.
Field (<15°)
>80%
of the statistics
200
100
0
100
200
vBEastWest
c
Westeast
m
—SELFAS2
SELFAS2Σ
Simulation SELFAS2
Dependence on
arrival direction
0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0
200
100
0
100
200
vBEastWest
c
Westeast
m
Internalevents
—SELFAS2
SELFAS2Σ
0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0
200
100
0
100
200
vBEastWest
c
Westeast
m
Externalevents
Internalradiocore,
statisticx2
Internalevents
—SELFAS2
SELFAS2Σ
!
core
West-east
v x B
•Passing usual quality cuts
•Internal to radio and particles array
Internal events
vs CODALEMA data
External events
•
Passing usual quality cuts
•
Internal to radio array
close to GeoMag.
Field (<15°)
>80%
of the statistics
Conclusion
CODALEMA
•a new observable has been identified as being an evidence of the charge
excess mechanism in the air showers electric field in the MHz frequency
domain
•two different mechanims ! two different polarization patterns !
interferences ! displacement $c at the ground level of the maximum electric
field location with respect to the maximum particle density location
•$c depends on the shower arrival direction (checked for the EW polarization):
good agreement between simulations with SELFAS2 and the CODALEMA
data
•this new observable should be measurable in AERA at the Pierre Auger
observatory.
•the charge excess fraction depends on the arrival direction and on the antenna
location; for instance, for a vertical shower, the charge excess signal represents
20% of the total electric field
CODALEMA
•a new observable has been identified as being an evidence of the charge
excess mechanism in the air showers electric field in the MHz frequency
domain
•two different mechanims ! two different polarization patterns !
interferences ! displacement $c at the ground level of the maximum electric
field location with respect to the maximum particle density location
•$c depends on the shower arrival direction (checked for the EW polarization):
good agreement between simulations with SELFAS2 and the CODALEMA
data
•this new observable should be measurable in AERA at the Pierre Auger
observatory.
•the charge excess fraction depends on the arrival direction and on the antenna
location; for instance, for a vertical shower, the charge excess signal represents
20% of the total electric field
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