chemical compositon of bone 2022dhdzhdh.pdf

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1. Bone

2. Intrdocution
•Boneisanextremelydense,specializedformof
connectivetissue.
•Itservestostorecalciumandphosphateions.
•Bloodcellsareformedinthebonemarrow.
•Themostimportantmineralcomponentofbone
isapatite,aformofcrystallinecalcium
phosphate
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3. Chemical composition of bone
•Bonetissueiscomposedoftwogeneralparts:
1.Matrix
2.Cells
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4. Matrix
•Organic
1.Collagen
2.Mucopolysaccharides
3.Non-collagenousproteins
•Inorganic
1.Calcium
2.Phosphorus
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6. •Thematrixproteinsarecharacterizedbytheir
anionicnature,beingrichinphosphate
(phosphoproteins,e.g.osteonectin),sialicacid
(sialoproteins,e.g.osteopontin)orgamma-
carboxyglutamicacid(Glaproteins,e.g.
osteocalcin).
•GrowthfactorssuchasTGF-βandBMP(bone
morphogenicprotein)arealsostoredwithinthe
bonematrix.
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8. Collagens
•Collagensarequantitativelythemostabundant
ofanimalproteins,representing25%ofthe
total.
•Theyforminsolubletensilefibersthatoccuras
structuralelementsoftheextracellularmatrix
andconnectivetissuethroughoutthebody.
•Theirname(whichliterallymeans“glue-
producers”)isderivedfromthegelatinsthat
appearasadecompositionproductwhen
collagenisboiled.
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9. Structure of collagens
•Nineteendifferentcollagensarenowknown,and
theyaredistinguishedusingromannumerals.
•Theymostlyconsistofadextrorotatorytriple
helixmadeupofthreepolypeptides(α-chains)
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18. Cells
•Osteocytes
•Osteoblast
•Osteoclas
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20. (C) Natalia Dachanidze

21. •cellsareregulatedbyhormones,growthfactors
andcytokines.Inadditiontothethreemain
regulatorsPTH,calcitoninandvitaminD
•Other regulatorycompounds include
glucocorticoids, oestrogen,androgens,
interleukin-1andthegrowthfactorIGF-1.
(C) Natalia Dachanidze