CHEMICAL-REACTION.pptx science and compounds

About the chemical reaction lessons for shs

1. CHEMICAL REACTION

2. CHEMICAL REACTION A chemical reaction is a process in which reactants react chemically and convert into products by chemical transformation. Synthesis Decomposition Single-Displacement Double Displacement

3. CHEMICAL REACTION DECOMPOSITION – breaks down or decomposes into two or more different product. ( AB  A + B) H 2 CO 3 (aq.) → CO 2 (g) + H 2 O (l) KClO3 (s) → KCl (s) + O 2 (g) CaCO3 (s) → CaO (s) + CO2

4. CHEMICAL REACTION SINGLE REPLACEMENT - is a reaction in which one element is substituted for another element in a compound. ( AB + C  A + BC) 2NaCl( aq )+F 2 (g)→2NaF(s)+Cl 2 (g) CaI 2 (s)+Cl 2 (g)→CaCl 2 (s)+I 2 (s) CaF 2 (s)+Br 2 (ℓ)→CaBr 2 (s)+F 2 (g)

5. CHEMICAL REACTION DOUBLE REPLACEMENT - A double displacement reaction is a type of chemical reaction in which two reactants exchange ions to generate two new molecules. AB+CD→AD+CB AgNO 3  + NaCl ➜ NaNO 3  + AgCl Na 2 S + HCl → NaCl + H 2 S H 2 SO 4 + BaCl 2  HCl + BaSO 4

6. MOLES A mole is a unit defined for the amount of substance. It is in the International System of Units (SI) and its short form is “mol”. AVOGADRO’S NUMBER = 6.02X10^23 unit MOLAR MASS – total mass of compound: g/mole

7. MOLES A mole is a unit defined for the amount of substance. It is in the International System of Units (SI) and its short form is “mol”. AVOGADRO’S NUMBER = 6.02X10^23 unit MOLAR MASS – total mass of compound: g/mole

8. MOLES A mole is a unit defined for the amount of substance. It is in the International System of Units (SI) and its short form is “mol”. mole- mole is a unit of measurement used in chemistry to express the amount of a substance. One mole of a substance is equal to  6.022 × 10²³ units HOW TO FIND: moles = mass ÷ molar mass (n=m/M)

9. MOLES A mole is a unit defined for the amount of substance. It is in the International System of Units (SI) and its short form is “mol”. mole- mole is a unit of measurement used in chemistry to express the amount of a substance. One mole of a substance is equal to  6.022 × 10²³ units HOW TO FIND: moles = mass ÷ molar mass (n=m/M)

10. MOLES Determine the number of moles in 95g of MnO 2 . Solution: Given Mass of MnO 2  = 95g Mass of one mole MnO 2  = 86.94g Number of moles formula is Number of moles = Mass of substance / Mass of one mole Number of moles = 95 / 86.94 Number of moles = 1.092 mol

11. MOLES How to find the number of particle/atom Multiply the total number of mole to Avogadro’s number Number of moles = 1.092 mol Avogadro’s number = 6.022 × 10² atoms/mol

12. MOLES How to find the number of particle/atom Multiply the total number of mole to Avogadro’s number Number of moles = 1.092 mol Avogadro’s number = 6.022 × 10^23 atoms/mol = 6.58x10^ 23 atoms

13. MOLES How many mole are there in 10.78 g of CO 2 ( carbon dioxide https://www.slideshare.net/Raulemar1/greekviewsonmotionpptx )? How many atoms do CO 2 has? GIVEN REQUIRED EQUATION SOLUTION ANSWER

14. MOLES How many moles are there in 57 g of KCl (Potassium Chloride)? How many atoms do KCl has? GIVEN REQUIRED EQUATION SOLUTION ANSWER

15. PERCENT AND THEORETICAL YIELD Theoretical Yield: In a chemical reaction, you start with certain amounts of reactants, and based on the balanced chemical equation, you can calculate the amount of product you should theoretically obtain. This calculated amount is called the theoretical yield. It represents the maximum amount of product that can be obtained under ideal conditions, assuming the reaction goes to completion without any side reactions or losses.

16. PERCENT AND THEORETICAL YIELD PERCENT YIELD : In reality, chemical reactions may not proceed perfectly. There could be incomplete reactions, side reactions, or losses during the process, leading to a lower amount of product than expected. The percent yield tells you how efficiently the reaction was carried out by comparing the actual yield of product obtained in the lab to the theoretical yield calculated from the balanced chemical equation.

17. PERCENT AND THEORETICAL YIELD Let's say you conducted an experiment to produce a chemical compound and obtained 35 grams of the compound. According to your calculations, you should have obtained 40 grams of the compound. Calculate the percent yield.

18. PERCENT AND THEORETICAL YIELD 1. The theoretical yield of beryllium chloride was 10.7 grams. If the reaction actually yields 4.5 grams, what was the percent yield? 2. A reaction with a calculated yield of 9.23 g produced 7.89 g of product. What is the percent yield for this reaction?

19. COLLISION THEORY states that atoms or molecules must collide with enough energy in order to react. must collide with one another first before they can react.

20. WHAT FACTORS AFFECT CHEMICAL REACTION Particle Size: Smaller pieces of solid reactants make reactions faster because they provide more surface area for the reactants to interact, causing more collisions. Reactant Concentration: When you have more of a reactant, reactions happen faster because there are more collisions between reactant molecules. Temperature: Higher temperatures speed up reactions because they make reactant molecules move faster, increasing the chances of successful collisions. Presence of a Catalyst: Catalysts make reactions faster by providing a shortcut for the reaction to happen, without being used up themselves.

21. IMPORTANCE OF CHEMICAL REACTION Chemical reactions are how new forms of matter are made. While  nuclear reactions  also may produce new matter, nearly all the substances you encounter in daily life are the result of chemical changes. By observing chemical reactions, we are able to understand and explain how the natural world works. Chemical reactions turn food into fuel for your body, make fireworks explode, cause food to change when it is cooked, make soap remove grime, and much more.

22. IMPORTANCE OF CHEMICAL REACTION 3 . Chemical reactions help us to solve crimes and explain mysteries. By analyzing blood and tissue samples, for example, police are able to identify the perpetrators of crimes. Chemical reactions are also the tools we use to date fossils, analyze ancient materials, and better understand how our ancestors lived.

23. IMPORTANCE OF CHEMICAL REACTION 4. Chemical reactions help us understand the properties of matter. By studying the way a sample interacts with other matter, we can learn its  chemical properties . These properties can be used to identify an unknown specimen or to predict how different types of matter might react with each other. 5. Without chemical reactions, nothing would ever change. Atoms would stay atoms. New molecules wouldn't form. No organisms could live. If matter didn't react with other matter, the universe would be extremely boring.