Chemotherapy 1.pptx

Chemotherapy is a treatment method primarily used to combat cancer and certain other diseases. It involves the administration of drugs that either directly kill cancer cells or inhibit their growth. The goal of chemotherapy is to stop or slow down the progression of cancer, shrink tumors before surgery or radiation therapy, destroy remaining cancer cells after other treatments, or relieve symptoms caused by cancer.

1. Chemotherapeutic agents

2. Definition Cancer Carcinoma Sarcoma Oncology

3. Cancer risk factors Diet Exercise Chemicals Alcohol Smoking Asbestos Infection Radiation Heredity

4. normal vs cancer cells Growth Proliferation Apoptosis

5. Cancer challenges Immune system Drug therapy

6. common chemotherapy adverse effects Bone marrow suppression Sore mouth Inflamed mucous membranes Nausea and vomiting Loss of appetite Changes in taste and smell Diarrhea Dehydration Constipation Fatigue Flu-like symptoms Hair loss Skin changes Eye changes Pain Sterility Cystitis Bedwetting Weight gain Pain at the injection site Inflamed vein Allergic reactions Fluid retention Organ damage Second cancers Hyperuricemia

7. Cancer treatments

8. Cancer therapies Chemotherapy Hormonal therapy Agonist Antagonist Targeted therapy Monoclonal antibodies Small molecules: serine/threonine and tyrosine kinase inhibitors

9. Cell cycle

10. Chemotherapeutics Alkylating agents Antimetabolites Cytotoxic antibiotics ( bleomycins and anthracyclines) Anti-microtubule agents Topoisomerase inhibitors

11. dna replication

12. Alkylating agents The alkyl group is attached to the  guanine  base of DNA, at the number 7 nitrogen atom of the purine ring

13. Alkylating Agents Busulfan Chlorambucil Melphalan Carboplatin Cisplatin Oxaliplatin Carmustin (BCNU) Estramustine Lomustine (CCNU) Cyclophosphamide Ifosfamide Dacarbazine Procarbazine Streptozocin Temozolomide Tab: 2 mg Tab: 2mg Tab: 2 mg Vial 50, 150 mg Vial: 10 and 50 mg Vial: 20 , 50 and 100 mg Vial: 100 mg Cap: 140 mg Cap:40 mg Tab: 50 mg; Vial 500, 200 mg Vial: 1 g Vial: 100, 200 mg Cap : 50 mg Vial: 1 g Vial, Cap: 100 mg

14. Busulfan Myleran  Dosage form: Tab: 2 mg Inj.: 6 mg/ml 2-8 ºC

15. Chlorambucil Leukeran ® Dosage form: Tab: 2 mg 2-8 ºC

16. Melphalan Alkeran ® Dosage form: Tab: 2 mg Inj.: 50 mg 2-8 ºC

17. CARMUSTINE BiCNU® Dosage form: Inj.: 100 mg

18. Estramustine Estracyt®, Dosage form: Cap: 140 mg

19. LOMUSTINE CCNU®, CeeNU® Dosage form: Cap: 40 mg

20. Cyclophosphamide Endoxan®, Cytoxan®, CTX ®, Genoxal ® Dosage form: Tab: 50 mg Inj.: 200, 500, 1000, 2000 mg

21. Ifosfamide Holoxan® Dosage form: Inj.: 1000, 2000 mg

22. Mesna Uromitexan® Dosage form: Inj.: 400 mg

23. Carboplatin Ebecarbo ®, Carboplatin Hospira® Dosage form: Inj : 50, 150 mg

24. Cisplatin Ebeplatin ®, Sinplatin ® Dosage form: Inj : 10, 50 mg

25. Oxaliplatin Eloxatin ®, Alvoxal Dosage form: Inj.: 50, 100 mg

26. Dacarbazine D TIC® Dosage form: Inj.: 100, 200, 500 mg

27. Procarbazine Matulane ® , Natulan ® Dosage form: Cap: 50 mg

28. Streptozocin Zanosar®, Dosage form: Inj.: 1000 mg

29. Temodal Vial 100 mg ( 2-8 ºC ) Cap 100 mg

30. Dna structure

31. dna elongation

32. Antimetabolites Capecitabine Gemcitabine Cladribine Cytarabine Fludarabine Fluorouracil Methotrexate Pemetrexed Mercaptopurine Thioguanine Hydroxyurea Tab: 150, 500 mg Vial: 200, 1000 mg Vial: 10 mg Vial: 200, 1000 mg Vial: 50 mg Amp: 250, 500, 1000 mg, Cream Tab: 2.5, PFS: 5, 7.5, 10, 15, 20, Vial: 50, 500, 1000 mg Vial: 100, 500 mg Tab: 50 mg Tab: 40 mg Cap: 500 mg

33. Capecitabine Xeloda ®, Osloda ® Dosage form: Tab: 150, 500 mg

34. Gemcitabine Gemzar ® Dosage form: Inj:200, 1000 mg

35. Fluorouracil Ebefluoro ®, Efudex ®, 5-FU Dosage form: Inj.: 250, 500, 1000 mg Cream

36. methotrexate Ebetrex ®, Trexan ®, Methotrexate Mylan®, MTX , Ebetrexat Dosage form: Tab: 2.5 mg Inj.: 5, 7.5, 10, 15, 20, 50, 1000 mg

37. pemetrexed Alvopem Vial: 100, 500 mg

38. Cladribine Leustatin ®, 2-CdA Dosage form: Inj : 10 mg 2-8 ºC

39. Cytarabine Alexan ®, Ara-C, Cytosar Dosage form: Inj:200, 1000 mg

40. Fludarabine Fludara ® Dosage form: Inj : 50 mg

41. Mercaptopurine Purinethol ®, 6-MP Dosage form: Tab: 50 mg

42. Thioguanine Lanvis ®, 6-TG Dosage form: Tab: 40 mg

43. Hydroxyurea Hydroxycarbamide ®, Hydrea ®, Syrea ® Dosage form: Cap: 500