chemotherapy project full details about it ppt.pptx

Chemotherapy

1. SANJIVANI INSTITUTE OF PHARMACY GANIYARI PPT Topic On – Chemotherapy Prepared By – Ume kulsum sheikh 6 semester

2. Introduction History:- The term "Chemotherapy" was first coined by Paul Ehrlich. He known as father of chemotherapy. He developed Arsenicals for sleeping sickness Neoarsphenamine i n 1906 for syphilis.

3. Definition chemotherapy is a type of treatment which are used in the treatment of cancer and infectious disease which is caused to any type of microorganism “ Chemical substance used to kill the microorganism and cancer cell ”

4. Chemotherapeutic agents or antibiotics Penicillin Cephalosporin Chloramphenicol Microlides quinolones Tetracycline Aminoglycosides

5. Penicilline penicillin was the first antibiotic to be used Clinically in 1941. It is the first antibiotic which was discovered in 1929 by the scientist, Alexander flaming, which is of obtained from the penicillium notetum in the plant of tobacco. Chemistry :- T he penicillin nucleus consist of used thiazolidine and beta lactam rings to which side chain are attached through an amide linkage.

6. Structure:- Mechanism of Action:- Mechanism of action-penicillin are bacteriocidal It inhibit bacterial cell wall formation The beta lactam antibiotic inhibit transpeptidase Penicillin are mainly effective against gram positive bacteria

7. Cephalosporin Cephalosporin is a beta betalactam antibiotic contain beta lactam ringBeta lactam ring is fused with dihydrothiazing ring. Structure:-

8. classification 1) first generation - highly active against gram, positive bacteria and lower activity against gram negative bacteria.Drug - cephapirin , cephalexin . 2)Second generation- They are more active against gram negative bacteria than first generation cephalosporins Drug- cefaclor , cefoxitin .

9. 4) fourth generation- Extended spectrum of activityIncreased stability from plasmid and chromosomally modified beta lactamase enzyme Drug- cefepime , cefpirome 3) third generation- they have spectrum of antibacterial activity and being active against microbes ressistant to 1st and 2nd generation cephalosporin Drug- cefataxine , ceftizoxine

10. Mechanism of action It is similar to penicillin Cephalosporin inhibit bacterial cell wall formation. Uses :- Used in skin infection UTI Used for meningitis

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