CHILD AND DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT THEORIES.pptx

Child and Development Theories and Stages

1. FOUNDATION OF SPECIAL AND INCLUSIVE EDUCATION CHAPTER 5 Child Development Theories EDUC 9 CHILD DEVELOPMENT

2. 01 Identify the different theories of child development. 02 Differentiate the different theories of development Learning Objective EDUC 9 CHILD DEVELOPMENT

3. To ensure that a child meets his or her developmental milestone, it is crucial to observe and monitor his or her development. The milestones or developmental skills that need to be mastered usually at the same rate act as a guide for ideal development. It is done by checking the progress of a child based on his or her age to see if the child is developing within the expectation. Intervention can then be given which can help in the development of a child. Usually, it is the parents, teachers, and pediatricians who use the checklists. EDUC 9 CHILD DEVELOPMENT WHY DEVELOPMENT IS IMPORTANT?

4. Psychosocial Development Theory EDUC 9 CHILD DEVELOPMENT 1858, 1963 - 1959 It has eight (8) stages Main focus is the conflict or crises one experiences through social interaction. Starting from birth, each person is faced with conflict that needs to be resolved since it has an impact on the function of the succeeding stages. ERIK ERIKSON

5. Autonomy vs Shame & Doubt Initiative vs Guilt Industry vs Inferiority Identity vs Role Confusion Intimacy vs Isolation Trust vs Mistrust Generativity vs Stagnation Integrity vs Despair STAGES OF PSYCHOSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT Infant Pre-schooler Toddler Grade-schooler Teenager Young Adult Middle-Age Adult Older Adult

6. MAJOR FOR COLLEGE CHILD DEVELOPMENT

7. Cognitive Developmental Theory EDUC 9 CHILD DEVELOPMENT 1936 - 1952 It has four (4) stages Concerned with the thought processes of a person and how they are used to understand and interact with the environment. Focus on children’s intellectual development . Jean Piaget

8. EDUC 9 CHILD DEVELOPMENT Stage: Sensorimotor Age : Birth to 18 – 24 months old Characteristics: Motor activity without use of symbol. All things learned are based on experiences, or trial and error. Goal: Object permanence STAGES OF COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT

9. EDUC 9 CHILD DEVELOPMENT Stage: Preoperational Age : 2 to 6 years old Characteristics: Development of language, memory, and imagination. Intelligence is both egocentric and intuitive. Goal: Symbolic thought

10. EDUC 9 CHILD DEVELOPMENT Stage: Concrete operational Age : 7 to 11 years old Characteristics: More logical and methodical manipulation of symbols. Less egocentric, and more aware of the outside world and events. Goal: Operational thought

11. EDUC 9 CHILD DEVELOPMENT Stage: Formal operational Age : From 12 years old to adulthood Characteristics: Use of symbol to relate to abstract concepts. Able to make hypotheses and grasp abstract concepts and relationships. Goal: Abstract concepts

12. Sociocultural Theory EDUC 9 CHILD DEVELOPMENT 1962, 1978 - 1990 Believes that children learn actively through hands-on experiences . Highlights the importance of other people. Children learn best learn when they are in zone of proximal development . Lev Vygotsky

13. EDUC 9 CHILD DEVELOPMENT Steve, Wheeler, University of Plymouth, 2013

14. Social Learning Theory EDUC 9 CHILD DEVELOPMENT 1973 – 1977 Has four (4) stages Believes that learning takes place through observation and modeling . Albert Bandura

15. EDUC 9 CHILD DEVELOPMENT STAGES OF SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY

16. EDUC 9 CHILD DEVELOPMENT “Developing a Child is P reparing and C reating A Future”

17. EDUC 9 CHILD DEVELOPMENT References: Healthline. (2023). Erikson's 8 stages of psychosocial development, explained for parents. https://www.healthline.com/health/parenting/erikson-stages?fbclid=IwAR02rPg29AMNxcX1ePq47QQRoPbkSCRPnCeZ5WO3JS71Ow6zyleWk0IiMnA Ramos, I.G. (2016). Let’s have a quick look – an overview of human development. p.8-9. Phoenix Publishing House Simply Psychology. (2023). Lev Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory of cognitive development https://simplypsychology.org/vygotsky.html