Child and Embryonic face Development.pptx

Child and Embryonic face Development.pptx

1. Child and Embryonic face Development By : Adnan Hailat Jareer Zawaideh

2. Introduction The pediatric age group ranges form 0-18 years i.e. from the day of conception to the 18 years of age. They are: Prenatal period: From conception to birth Neonatal period : Birth to 4 weeks Infancy period: 4 weeks to 1 year Toddler period: From 1 to 3/4 years Preschool period: 3-6 years (early childhood ) School period: 6-12 years( late childhood ) Adolescence: From puberty to beginning of adulthood (13-18 years) .

3. The embryonic period is a critical stage of development, marked by the formation of major organ systems. This phase sets the foundation for future growth and functioning, shaping the individual's lifelong health. Embryonic Development

4. The face develops From the 4th to the 10th week of pregnancy, the baby's face goes through important changes. In the 4th week, a primitive mouth forms, surrounded by five facial parts: a top part ( fronto -nasal), two side parts (mandibular), and two side parts (maxillary). These parts shape the face, with a membrane separating the mouth from the throat. Embryonic Development include face development

5. By the 5th week, small thickened areas form for the nose and eyes, eventually becoming the smell and sight parts. In the 6th week, the lower jaw forms as the two side parts fuse. The upper lip's middle part comes from the merging of two nose parts, without help from a specific nerve . face development

6. Facial muscles develop from the second throat arch and move into the lips and cheeks, guided by the facial nerve. The face's structure comes from different cell sources, including neural crest cells and muscle cells. Four key processes—growth, shaping, cell specialization, and pattern formation—contribute to facial development, controlled by growth factors. face development

7. Three face areas appear—the nose, eye, and ear areas. The nose area starts forming in the 5th week and, by the end of that week, a membrane forms at the roof of the mouth from the nose area. This marks an important step in nose and mouth development. face development

8. Embryonic Development include face development The first trimester involves organ formation and tissue development, while the second and third trimesters focus on rapid fetal growth and maturation. Serial ultrasonography during the latter trimesters allows for the measurement of parameters like abdominal circumference, head circumference, and femoral length, aiding in the estimation of fetal weight through various algorithms. Term births occur between 37 and 42 weeks of gestation, considered mature. Premature births are before 37 weeks, and post-mature births are after 42 weeks of gestation

9. In the early months, babies regain their birth weight, and during infancy, they grow quickly with consistent weight gain and height increase. However, there's a later decline in growth rate, influenced by factors like nutrition and living conditions. The World Health Organization (WHO) introduced a growth chart in 2006 for breastfed infants, providing a steady growth pattern. Between 2 to 4 years, children grow about 7 cm and 2 kg per year. After 5–6 years, growth slows down to around 5 cm/year, influenced by growth and thyroid hormones

10. Cognitive & Emotional Development Cognitive development includes reasoning and problem-solving. Even infants explore and interact with their environment. Skills develop through learning from experiences, engaging in physical activities, and interacting with others. Cognitive and emotional development are linked, starting with early relationships with caregivers. Temperament influences how a child reacts to new situations. Each child follows their unique developmental path.

11. During the preschool period, children undergo a crucial shift in their dependency on others, particularly parents. Toddlers and preschoolers develop a sense of self and communication skills, but their reasoning remains preoperational. At the age of 6, children exhibit qualitative differences, becoming more responsible and capable of grasping complex ideas. Starting school introduces new challenges, emphasizing responsibility and peer relations.

12. Adolescent brain development involves significant changes in cognitive abilities, emotional processing, and decision- making. Understanding these changes is crucial for supporting adolescents in navigating the complexities of their evolving brains. Adolescent Brain Development

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