CHILD MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY RATES.pptx

Child MORBidity And MORTALITY

1. CHILD MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY RATES

2. CHILD MORBIDITY: Morbidity illness sickness or morbid condition mean deviation from a state of physical or mental well being as a result of disease injury or impairment .The given population morbidity for a given time .may be measured in terms of incidence are in term of prevalance

3. INCIDENCE RATE: Total no of new cases of illness during a defined period Population exposed to risk in the same period

4. PREVALENCE RATE: P revalence indicates how common is an event in a population. It is used to measure the frequency of an illness in existing during a defined period, new and old cases during the same.

5. Prevalence rate: Total no of new cases of disease present in population at a specified period of time Number of person at risk of having the disease at that specified time

6. The morbidity rates are higher than the mortality rate for children in each group .Respiratory illness are the chief cause of acute illness among children

7. Reason for morbidity: Respiratory condition Perinatal condition Digestive disorders Disease of nervous system I njury and poisoning

8. MORTALITY RATE The risk or during on the first day of life is many thousand times greater than the risk of dying on any day during the school year .each group among children is particularly affected by certain factors of an unfavourable event is more or less susceptible to certain disease and is exposed to varying accident hazards

9. IMR: I nfant M ortality R ate : no of infants deaths under one year of age per 1000 live birth in one year no of deaths under 1 year of age IMR: ×1000 total live birth in the year

10. In India according to 2017 infant mortality rate 32 deaths per 1000 per births ,compared to the global average of 12 Neonatal mortality rates show a similar gap 24 per 1000 live births for india . Compared with the global average of 18 The number of infant deaths has come from 8.67 lakh in 2016 to 8.02 lake in 2017

11. Other mortality indicators Maternal mortality rate Mortality in infancy and childhood Perinatal mortality rate Neonatal mortality rate Post neonatal mortality rate Infant mortality rate Under 5 mortality rate

12. Maternal mortality rate(MMR): According to WHO maternal death is defined as the death women while pregnant or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy ,irrespective of the duration and site of pregnancy from any cause related to or aggravated by pregnancy or management .Maternal mortality rate is defined as total number or female deaths due to complication of pregnanc y

13. Total number of female deaths due to pregnancy ,child birth or with in 42 days of delivery in an area in a given year MMR= ×1000 Total number of live births in the same area and years

14. Mortality in infancy and childhood : mortality rates in infancy and childhood are good indicators to measure the level of health and health care of various countries Perinatal mortality rate Neonatal mortality rate Post neonatal mortality rate Infant mortality rate Under 5 mortality rate

15. Perinatal mortality rate : Perinatal mortality includes both late fetal deaths (deaths after 20 th or 28 th weeks of gestation ) and early neonatal deaths weighing over 1000 grams at birth expressed as a ratio per 1000 live birth .it is calculated in

16. Late fetal deaths (28 weeks gestation or more )+ Early neonatal deaths (first week )in one year PMR = × 1000 live birth in same year

17. Neonatal mortality rate (NMR): Neonatal deaths are deaths occurring in neonatal period that begins at birth and ends at 28 days of birth Neonatal mortality rate is defined as the total number of death of babies after birth and within 28 days of birth in a given year per 1000 live births in that year

18. number of deaths of children under 28 days of age in a given year NMR= × 1000 Total live births in the same year

19. Post neonatal mortality rate (PNMR): post neonatal death are deaths occurring from 28 days of life to under one year .The post neonatal mortality rates is defined as the total number of death of babies after 28 days of birth and with in one year in a given year per 1000 live birth in that year

20. Number of death of babies under 28 days to one year of age in a given year = × 1000 Total live births in same year

21. Infant mortality rate (IMR): It is defined as the “ratio of death of infants under 1 year of age in a given year per 1000 live birth in same year” Number of deaths of children under 1 year of age IMR = × 1000 number of live birth in same year

22. FACTORS AFFECTING INFANT MORTALITY RATE  Biological factors Birth weight Age of mother Birth order Birth spacing Multiple births Family size High fertility Economic factors

23. Cultural and social factors Breast feeding Religion and caste Early marriages Sex of the child Quality of mothering Maternal education Quality of health heath care Broken families Illegitimacy Brutal habits and customs Indigenous Dai Bad environmental sanitation