CHLAMYDIAL INFECTIONS AND GONORRHEA TREATMENT-2.pptx

For medical students 2nd yr

1. CHLAMYDIAL INFECTIONS AND GONORRHEA TREATMENT HISHAM 90

2. CHLAMYDIAL INFECTIONS Chlamydial infections are caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis . They are among the most common sexually transmitted infections (STIs) worldwide. Symptoms: Chlamydial infections can be asymptomatic, especially in women, but when symptoms do occur, they can include: In Women: Abnormal vaginal discharge Burning sensation during urination Pain during intercourse Lower abdominal pain In Men: Discharge from the penis Burning sensation during urination Pain and swelling in one or both testicles In Both: Rectal infections may cause discharge, bleeding, or pain if the infection is in the rectum.

3. Complications: If left untreated, chlamydial infections can lead to more serious health problems: In Women: Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), which can cause chronic pelvic pain, infertility, and ectopic pregnancy. In Men: Epididymitis, which can lead to infertility. In Both: Increased risk of HIV transmission. Joint issues and eye infections in some cases. Diagnosis: Diagnosis is typically done through: Urine tests Swabs from the affected area (e.g., urethra, cervix, throat, or rectum).

4. TREATMENT Nonspecific urethritis/endocervicitis Azithromycin 1 g oral single dose or Doxycycline 100 mg BD oral x 7 days Alternatives Levofloxacin 500 mg OD oral x 7 days Erythromycin 500 mg QlD oral x 7 days Lymphogranuloma venereum Azithromycin 1.0 g oral weekly x 3 weeks Doxycycline 100 mg BD oral x 3 weeks Alternatives Erythromycin 500 mg QlD oral x 7 days

5. GONORRHEA Gonorrhea is a common sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae . It can affect various mucous membranes in the body, including those of the genital tract, rectum, throat, and eyes. Symptoms: In Women: Abnormal vaginal discharge Painful urination Pelvic pain Bleeding between periods or after intercourse In Men: Discharge from the penis (often yellow or white) Painful urination Swollen or painful testicles Occasionally, a sore throat if the infection is in the throat In Both: Rectal infections may cause discharge, itching, or pain Throat infections might cause a sore throat or no symptoms at all

6. Complications: In Women: Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), which can lead to chronic pelvic pain, infertility, and ectopic pregnancy. In Men: Epididymitis, which can cause infertility. In Both: Increased risk of HIV transmission Potential spread to joints and skin, causing disseminated gonococcal infection (DGI) Eye infections, particularly newborns during childbirth Diagnosis: Diagnosis typically involves: Urine tests Swabs from the affected area (e.g., urethra, cervix, throat, or rectum) Nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) , which are highly sensitive and specific

7. TREATMENT 1] NON PENICILLINASE PRODUCING(NON PPNG) PPNG or penicillinase-producing neisseria gonorrhea is a strain of gonorrhea. These bacteria have become resistant to the antibiotic penicillin. They must be treated with a different antibiotic. 1 ST CHOICE Amoxicillin 3 g oral or Ampicillin 3.5 g oral + Probenecid 1g oral single dose

8. 2] PENICILLINASE PRODUCING (PPNG) 1 ST CHOICE Ceftriaxone 1.0 g i.m. or Cefuroxime 1.5 g i.m or Azithromycin 1.0 g oral single dose} + Probenecid 1g oral single dose

9. ALTERNATIVES Cefixime 400 mg once oral or Doxycycline 100 mg BD x 7 days oral Or Erythromycin 500 mg QID x5 days oral

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