Christ-mass Tree and Wellhead presentation

Christ-mass Tree and Wellhead presentation

1. X-TREE
WELLHEAD
SSSV
2022

2. Basic Well Construction
•X-Tree
•Wellhead
•Tubulars

3. X-Tree
1)Controls fluid flow from the wellbore
2)Provides a way to shut in the well
3)Provides a means of entering the well
for servicing and workover
Three Important Functions:TREE

4. TREE
WELLHEAD Wellhead
1)Provide connection & support for the
blowout preventers & other well
control equipment during drilling &
intervention
2)Provide SEALED CONNECTION and
support for tubing & each casing string
3)Provides a connection and support for
the tree.
Three Important Functions:

5. CONDUCTOR PIPE
SURFACE CASING
INTERMEDIATE CASING
PRODUCTION CASING
PRODUCTION TUBING
PRODUCING FORMATION Tubular Strings

6. TREE
TUBING SPOOL
INTERMEDIATE
CASING HEAD
CASING HEAD
TUBING BONNET Three String Wellhead

7. PRODUCTION
CASING
INTERMEDIATE
CASING HEAD
CASING HEAD
INTERMEDIATE CASING
SURFACE CASING
CASING STUB Casing Spool

8. RING GASKET
GROOVE
CASING HANGER
SECONDARY SEAL
TEST PORT
INJECTION PORT
RING GASKET
RING GASKET
GROOVE Casing Spool with Secondary Seal

9. PRODUCTION
CASING
TUBING HEAD
TUBING
TUBING
HANGER
POLISH NIPPLE Tubing Spool

10. PRODUCTION
CASING
TUBING HEAD
TUBING
TUBING
HANGER
TUBING BONNET
WITH POLISH NIPPLE Tubing Bonnet and Seal
or BPV

11. Trees
•SWAB VALVE
•FLOW TEE
•WING VALVE
•MASTER VALVES
•TESTING THE TREE (BPV)

12. OTIS QUICK CONNECT
TREE CAP
CROWN OR SWAB VALVE
WING VALVE
UPPER MASTER VALVE
HYDRAULIC
MASTER VALVE
FLOW TEE
BONNET CONNECTION
BONNET Offshore Tree

13. Block Tree
Wing Valves
Crown Valve
Kill Valve
Master Valve

14. Manual Casing Slips: (GRAY)GUIDE STRAPS
CAP SCREW
COMPRESSION RING
SEAL
SLIP BODY
SLIPS
CAP SCREW

15. Mandrel Tubing Hangers
Requires Polished Nipple Extended Neck

16. Extended Neck Hanger

17. Submersible Pump Penetrators,
Bonnets and HangersBONNET
SPECIAL CONDUIT
TUBING HANGER

18. Wellhead Working Pressure Ratings10,000 PSI RATING
5,000 PSI RATING
3,000 PSI RATING

19. Equipment Specifications
•Industry Specifications
–API Spec 6-A
–NACE MR-0175
•Service Environments
–H
2S
–CO
2
–Amine

20. Basic Well Equipment
–List typical wellhead/tree valves, sizes and number of turns to open or close.
–List the “Normal” position of wellhead & tree valves. (open/closed)
–Identify major components of the wellhead below the master valve.
–Learn what the T/I/O (T/A/B) pressure limits are.
–Explain when SSSV’s are required, and where in the tubing string they
should be located.
–Know the issues related to TRSSSV’s, WRSSSV’s, and storm chokes.
–Discuss test frequency, allowable leak rates, etc. of SSSV’s & X-tree valves.
–Learn how SSV’s & SSSV’s are secured when wireline or CT is in the hole.
–Know what type of SSSV system is the standard for all new completions.
–Explain how choke positions and Gas Lift rates are adjusted.

21. Basic Well Equipment
►List typical wellhead/tree valves, sizes and number of turns to open or close.
SWAB VALVE
WING VALVE
UPPER MASTER
LOWER MASTER
CAMERON 4-1/8 3000# and 5-1/8 5000#: 23-1/4 turns
Why this is important:For fishing jobs primarily –when tool string is pulled into
lubricator and you close the valve below it, you want to know that all of the tools are
abovethe valve, and that you can then bleed the pressure off the lubricator. If you
know the number of turns to close, you know the answer when you close the valve.
If you didn’t count earlier you will not know for sure, and you won’t know if tools
or debris are blocking the valve from closing.

22. Basic Well Equipment
►List the “Normal” position of wellhead & tree valves (open / closed)
ProducingShut In
SWAB VALVE closed closed
WING VALVE open closed
UPPER MASTER open closed
LOWER MASTER open closed?
WELLHEAD “A” ANNULUS open (GL) closed
WELLHEAD “B” ANNULUS closed closed

23. Basic Well Equipment
►Identify major components of the wellhead below the
master valve.
●Tubing Bonnet/Spool /Tubing hanger
●Gas Lift Injection Valve or TxA valve
●Casing spool
●B annulus valve
●Casing spool
●C annulus valve, if present

24. Basic Well Equipment
►Learn what the T/I/O (T/A/B) pressure limits are.
T = Tubing: Limited by its own burst rating,
but internal P most likely limited by X-Tree rating.
I = Inner or ‘A’ Annulus: Limited by Wellhead equipment
rating or collapse rating of tubing or burst rating of
production casing.
O = Outer or ‘B’ Annulus: Limited by Wellhead equipment
rating or collapse rating of inner casing or burst rating of
outer casing.

25. Basic Well Equipment
►Explain when SSSV’s are required, and where in the
tubing string they should be located.
When Required:
All offshore wells (API RP14C, API Spec 14A, Rev5)
Wells in environmentally sensitive areas
Wells near people’s homes or occupied areas
Where in the tubing string:
Offshore wells –___ ft below the mud line
Onshore wells –Deep enough so that surface damage
to wellhead or tree does not affect its ability to close

26. Basic Well Equipment
►Know the issues related to TRSSSV’s, WRSSSV’s, and
storm chokes
TRSSSV: (+) Full bore inside diameter
(+) Reliability
(+) Can install a wireline retrievable valve
(hydraulics OK), or storm choke
(hydraulic leak) -if it fails
(-) The valve itself replaceable only by WO
WRSSSV: (+) Retrievable for maintenance/replacement
(-) Restricted ID
(-) Occasional fishing jobs

27. Basic Well Equipment
►Know the issues related to TRSSSV’s, WRSSSV’s, and
storm chokes –continued:
Storm Choke:
What it is: A wireline set, bellows operated safety valve
that senses tubing pressure and closes at a preset
value of pressure & temperature –like a GLV.
Issues:
(+) Retrievable for maintenance/replacement
(-) No passage for wireline tools without pulling
(-) Prone to nuisance shut-ins

28. Basic Well Equipment
►Discuss test frequency, allowable leak rates, etc. of SSSV’s
& X-tree valves.
Required test frequency: Both every 6 months (Gupco)
Allowable leak rates: (BP)
The new criteria was selected following reviews of current BP policies in
other BU’s and study of acceptable industry practices (detailed in API
RP 14B and API RP 14H). In summary, the recommended leakage
PBU rates for the GOS are as follows:
•SSSV 100 psi / 30 minutes
•LMV, UMV , Wing 100 psi / 5 minutes
•Swab valve 100 psi / 1 minutes

29. Basic Well Equipment
►Learn how SSV’s & SSSV’s are secured (prevented from
closing) when wireline or CT is in the hole.
SSV: Fusible Cap or Metal Cap (GOS)
SSSV: Blocking in of surface hydraulic control lines, i.e. trap
hydraulic pressure & prevent bleedoff . In extreme cases, a
sleeve may be run across the SSSV to hold it open, for
example in case of hydraulic leak.
GOS: No isolation of SSSV for routine jobs; for longer jobs,
CAC panel is isolated and a manual, hand pump is used
with a gauge to monitor hydraulic system pressure.

30. Basic Well Equipment
►Know what type of SSSV system is the standard for all
new completions.
TUBING RETRIEVABLE

31. Basic Well Equipment
►Explain how Gas Lift rates are adjusted.
October Field: Remotely from complex, R/S, or Cairo (password
required)
Ramadan Field:Remotely from complex only
July Field: Manual only, at platform (except J-29 pfm & some
J-10 wells)
Morgan Field: Manual only, at platform
Badri Field: Manual only, at platform
Shoab Ali: Manual only, at platform