Chromosomes, DNA and Genes Biology Presentation in a Bold Colorful Style (1).pdf

DNA is the basic unit of heredity

1. Chromosomes,
DNA & Genes
An introductory presentation

2. Learning Points
Define keywords
such as nucleus,
chromosome, DNA
and gene.
Describe the levels
of organization from
the nucleus to a
gene.
Explain the
difference between
the two sex
chromosome pairs.

3. A cell is the smallest unit of
an organism and cells are
known as the building blocks
of life. Most human cell
types contain a nucleus.
Cell
Nucleus
Cell

4. The nucleus control the cell,
but it is also where genetic
information is stored. The
nucleus contains structures
called chromosomes.
Chromosomes are made of
DNA.
Nucleus
Nucleus
Chromosome

5. Each chromosome is made up
of a single molecule of DNA.
The cross shape we associate
with chromosomes arises
when the DNA copies itself,
coils and condenses for cell
division (mitosis).
Chromosome
Chromosome
DNA

6. DNA (deoxyribose nucleic
acid) carries the genetic
information of a living being.
A section of DNA is known as
a gene. Genes contain the
code for the production of a
particular protein within a
cell.
DNA & genes
DNA
Gene

7. The images show the levels of
organization from the nucleus to a
chromosome, DNA and finally a gene.
Locating a gene

8. Each human body cell
contains 46 chromosome (23
pairs). The pairs carry the
same types of genes.
People with specific
conditions and syndromes
may have an extra
chromosome.
23 Pairs

9. The 23rd pair of
chromosomes are known as
the sex chromosomes. In
females, the chromosome
pair are identical and known
as XX. In males, the
chromosome pair are
different and known as XY.
XX and XY
Male XY
Female XX

10. Chromosomes,
DNA & Genes
The end of the presentation