chronic colitis

all about chronic colitis by Annabel ogedegbe

1. CHRONIC COLITIS BY ANNABEL

2. DEFINITION

3. The colon The colon is divided into sections which include the cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, and rectum. The colon absorbs water from the food that we eat and move waste out of the body.

4. Classification

5. Classification Etiology          

6. Etiology

7. Clinics

8. Clinics

9. In the absence of total lesions of the colon, clinical manifestations associated with localization of pathological process .  In right-sided colitis or diarrhea cecitis often observed up to 10 times a day, pain in the right part of the abdomen , especially in the iliac region , radiating to the leg, loin . On palpation revealed spasm or extension of the cecum .  Transversitis - the defeat of the transverse colon - is characterized by pain , rumbling , feeling of fullness in the middle of the abdomen, appearing immediately after a meal , alternating constipation and diarrhea . With the defeat of the splenic flexure of the colon ( Angulitis ) patient concerned severe pain in the left upper quadrant, radiating to the back and left side of the chest , unstable stool , a loud rumbling in the right upper quadrant . When percussion in the left upper quadrant determined thympanitis , palpation - soreness.  Left-sided colitis ( proctitis, sigmoiditis , Proctosigmoiditis ) are the most common . This form is characterized by pain in the left iliac region , rectum , tearing in mesogaster worse after a bowel movement. Possible false desires with flatus and mucus. On palpation the sigmoid colon cut , sore , swollen gases. It can be defined dense stool , giving it a lumpy appearance.

10. Diagnosis The diagnosis of chronic colitis is based on  medical history clinical data results coprological and bacteriological examination of feces  confirmed by barium enema  sigmoidoscopy colonoscopy with biopsy mandatory and morphological study of mucosal biopsies ultrasound of the colon.

11. When examining tissue samples from the colon under the microscope, pathologists look for specific microscopic changes before making the diagnosis of chronic colitis. Some of these changes tell your pathologist that the damage has been ongoing for a long period of time. These changes include crypt distortion  basal lymphoplasmacytosis and Paneth cell metaplasia. Other changes tell your pathologist that the damage is active and continuing to cause new damage. These changes include Cryptitis crypt abscesses and ulcers.

12. Atrophy  – Atrophy is a loss of tissue compared to normal. In the colon, atrophy means that the crypts that are seen are smaller than normal, healthy crypts. Crypt loss  – There is a complete loss of crypts in some areas of the mucosa. Branching  – Instead of being long and straight, these crypts split to form multiple branches. Crypt distortion

13. Granulomas are a sign of chronic colitis. It is a clue that the changes seen are caused by Crohn’s disease rather than ulcerative colitis

14. Treatment given the state of the patient and the phase of the disease , it can be performed on an outpatient basis or in the hospital. gentle mechanical and chemical diet , split meals 4-6 times a day . Supplied food must be in a shabby , cooked by steaming or broth. Should be excluded from the diet, , milk , salted, smoked and spicy dishes . Patients with severe constipation shown products containing adequate amounts of fiber , dietary fiber , as well as vegetable and fruit juices .  Stop alcohol consumption

15. pharmacological astringent for diarrhea , enveloping and adsorbing agents : De- nol  , smectite (1 pack . 3 times a day ) , bismuth nitrate (1 g three times a day) . Normalization of motor-evacuation function diarrhea contributes  metaclopramide  ( 0.001 3 times a day ) . Have a similar effect and decoctions of plants containing tannins - fruits dried blueberries, oak bark , sage leaf , stems alder. Flatulence in fees herbs suitable to add the cumin seeds , fennel , chamomile .  In the presence of inflammatory changes of the mucous shown antibacterial drugs . Increasingly used sulfa -  ftalazol  (0.5 to 4 times a day) ,  nitrofuranovye  drugs -  furagin  ,  furadonin  ( 0.1 , 3 times a day) . Treatment 7-14 days. When expressed pain syndrome prescribe antispasmodics (  drotaverin  ,  Nospanum  )  platifillin  .  With the defect of the rectum have a good effect microclysters - oil ( sea buckthorn, rose) , decoction of chamomile.

16. Treatment

17. Medical and social assessment During an exacerbation of chronic colitis patients need relief from work. In chronic colitis patient contraindicated moderate trips, daily and night shifts . Limitation of employment may necessitate the establishment of their three disability groups .

18. Prevention

19. The end Thanks for your attention