CITES implementation in Nepal........pptx

Significance of CITES with reviewing measures set by Nepal for its implementation at policy, institution and execution level.

1. Significance of CITES with reviewing measures set by Nepal for its implementation Presented BY Nabraj Poudel M.Sc. Forestry (Batch 2079-081) Institute of Forestry, Pokhara campus, pokhara

2. Presentation Outline Introduction Objective Methodology Significance CITES implementation in Nepal Discussion Conclusion References

3. Introduction CITES (the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora)  is an international agreement between governments. Its aim is to ensure that international trade in specimens of wild animals and plants does not threaten the survival of the species. (CITES) was developed in 1973 and came into force in 1976 , in response to pressures from these international markets. Date of joining 18 June 1975 Entry into force 16 September 1975

4. Introduction CITES is both a conservation and trade agreement that includes three categories of protection ( Appendix I, Appendix II, and Appendix III ) and has listed more than 40,000 species of wild animals and plants (CITES 2023). In Nepal, CITES protects 281 species of wildlife including 44 animals and 2 plants on Appendix I, 122 animals and 103 plants on Appendix II and 6 animals and 4 plants on Appendix III (CITES 2011). To comply with CITES in Nepal, various laws are functional.

5. Objective of this study To review measures set by Nepal in CITES implementation

6. Methodology Secondary data was collected through published and unpublished journals, books and internet.

7. Significance of CITES Regulation of international trade provides a framework for regulating the trade of over 40,000 species. Monitoring the trade through the use of permits and certificates. Offering technical and scientific support CITES provides technical and scientific support to its member nations. Encouraging cooperation and coordination CITES promotes cooperation and coordination between CITES Authorities, Resource sectors, Customs, Police, Judiciary, Affected stakeholders. CITES helps protect biodiversity by regulating the global trade in endangered species

8. Results Arrangement of CITES Implementing Policies Arrangement of CITES implementation from Executives Institutional arrangement in CITES implementation

9. Arrangement of CITES Implementing Policies Being signatory country Nepal promulgated CITES Act 2017 which prohibit any illegal taking, killing and trading of wildlife species. Chapter 2 : Provisions concerning Transactions of Endangered Wild Fauna or Flora or Specimen thereof. Chapter 3 : Provisions Concerning Registration of the Endangered Wild Fauna or Flora or Specimen thereof. Chapter-4 Provisions concerning Management Authority and Scientific Authority. Chapter-5 Offences and Punishment Chapter-6 Investigation and Filing of Cases

10. Arrangement of CITES Implementing Policies Ministry of Forests and Environment ( MoFE ) has developed the CITES Regulations 2020 of Nepal in order to address the ban on exports of CITES-listed species. The National Parks and Wildlife Conservation Act 1973 Hunting, residing in, collection of most natural products, harming and taking weapons and poisons are prohibited inside NP and WR. Permission is required to collect any specimen for scientific purposes. The law prohibits trade in trophies without license . Export and import of wildlife products require permits from the Ministry of Forests and Environment.

11. Arrangement of CITES Implementing Policies Other relevant laws that guide CITES implementation are: The Forest Act, 2019; The Customs Act, 2007; The Police Act, 1995; Nepal Army Act 2006 and The Export Import (Control) Act, 1961; The Environmental Protection Act, 2019. Different plans and programs also exist to curb illegal wildlife trade and poaching, and to promote conservation .

12. Arrangement of CITES implementation from Executives 1) Constitution of Nepal 2072 Authority to army in park reserve conservation. Division of power on three layers government Schedule-5 List of Federal Powers Schedule-6 List of Provincial Powers Schedule-7 List of Concurrent Powers of Federation and Province Schedule-8 List of Local Level Powers Schedule-9 List of Concurrent Powers of Federation, Province and Local Level

13. Arrangement of CITES implementation from Executives (2) Parliamentary Committees Agriculture, Cooperative and Natural Resources Committee of Parliament played important roles in the management of environment and biodiversity. Members of the committee also made several field visits and provided necessary directives to different government agencies.

14. Arrangement of CITES implementation from Executives 3) Government Ministries   The Ministry of Forests and Environment is the focal ministry for implementing the CITES. The Ministry is the main agency responsible for formulating and implementing policies and programmes and communicating with the CITES Secretariat. Ministry of Home Affairs, Ministry of Defense are also key ministries in CITES implementation in Nepal.

15. Institutional arrangement in CITES implementation Department of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation (DNPWC) management authority of fauna Department of Forests and Environment management authority of flora  Natural History Museum scientific authority of fauna  Department of Plant Resources scientific authority of flora

16. Institutional arrangement in CITES implementation (5) National Biodiversity Coordination Committee The National Biodiversity Coordination Committee (NBCC) was established with the objective of mainstreaming all biodiversity programmes in the country. The Committee, which was led by the Minister of Forests and Environment. (6) National Tiger Conservation Committee This Committee, formed on 16 May 2010, is chaired by the Rt. Honorable Prime Minister. The Honorable Minister for Forests and Soil Conservation is the Member Secretary. The other members of the eleven-member committee include the honorable Ministers for Home, Finance; Defense, and Law and Justice and the Chief Secretary.

17. Institutional arrangement in CITES implementation (7) National Wildlife Crime Control Committee and Wildlife Crime Control Bureaus National Wildlife Crime Control Committee was formed in 2010. It is chaired by the Minister for Forests and Soil Environment. The main function of the Committee is to maintain coordination among different agencies such as Customs, Ministry of Home Affairs, Ministry of Defense, Nepal Police and Nepal Army for prevention and control of wildlife poaching and trade. Similarly, the Wildlife Crime Control Bureau was established at the center and district levels. The central bureau is chaired by Director General of DNPWC and the district bureaus are chaired by respective Division Forest Officers or Chief Wardens .

18. Institutional arrangement in CITES implementation (8) South Asia Wildlife Enforcement Network The Secretariat of the South Asia Wildlife Enforcement Network is housed in the DNPWC. Currently, the Director General of the Department is working as the Coordinator of the Network. South Asia Wildlife Enforcement Network (SAWEN) provides a platform for its member countries to cooperatively work together in the fight against the burgeoning wildlife crime. It focuses on harmonization of policies and laws; strengthening institutional capacity; sharing of knowledge, experiences and technologies among the member countries; and promoting collaboration with national, regional and international partners to enhance the wildlife law

19. Institutional arrangement in CITES implementation (9) Non-government Agencies The NTNC, IUCN Nepal, WWF Nepal, FECOFUN are some of the main non government agencies that are making substantial contributions to CITES implementation in Nepal. (10) Province Government and Local Government The new system is composed of seven provinces and 753 local governments structured in a decentralized form of fiscal federalism. The Constitution assigns important functional responsibilities to provincial and local governments. Government on provincial and local level also aware on conservation of wild flora and fauna of their own territory.  

20. Institutional arrangement in CITES implementation (11) Local User Groups and their Networks Government initiated anti-poaching measures that involved local communities. Named ‘Community-Based Anti-Poaching Operation’ (CBAPO), the idea was to involve local people in patrolling and awareness raising to reduce illegal activities in wildlife reserves and national parks. Since implementation communities are actively participating in anti-poaching operations. Afterwhile Nepal achieved a zero poaching year for rhinos, tigers and elephants. At the local level, conservation area committees, BZ community forestry, community forestry, leasehold forestry, collaborative forestry are playing crucial roles in the conservation and management of wild flora and fauna.

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