CLASS 12 CHEMISTRY CH-4.THE d- AND f-BLOCK ELEMENTS.pdf
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Jan 17, 2025
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LANTHANOID
CONTRACTION
CHEMICAL
REACTION
MeLtiNg&Boiting
PoiNt
DVe
Lo
SUroNger
metatic
aNd
boitiwg
eoit
Thes
are
hard
hes
Show
MetoLLIC
ChOracteristics
Steady
decrease
iN
the
rise
oe
LaNthNoid
metats
(érom
La
to
Lu)
with
iNcrease
iN
abomic
NuMber.
Thes
kove
low
volatility
except
ZN.
Cd.
H9
Sd
Series
Hg(8O)
Lwx,
witk
halogeNS
UNPOired
d-eiecuroNs
94
Series
YI39)
toCa48)
H,
with
acias
CoNSequeNces
PLYSicaL
ProperLies
34
Series
keated
witk
s
ATOMIC
SIZE
AoiC
Nd
toNic
radii
or
Ehaw
sbloc3
re
Smaler
Zr
oNd
HP
have
Simitar
Sizes.
SeperatioN
of
ANthaNoids
elemneNtS.
LNN
keated
with
N
LN
CoNSuSatioN
(N-1laNS
Sd
series
have
higk
ioNiSatioN
eNergy
bhaN
4d
series.
LMIOHI,
H,
with
H,d
Decrease
iN
komic
radi
wiLh
iNGredse
iN
obomic
Number
is
NOt
regULar.
LubetiuM
hYdroxide
is
lesS
basic
thdaN
LaNthawum
hydroxide.
burwS
iN
O,
with
C
2773
K
iONISATION
ENTHALPY
iNGreases
erom
Left
to
rigkt
iNa
Periad
D
BLOCK
ELEMENTS
(TRANSITION
ELEMENTS)
Lw,0,
OXIDATION
STATE
TraNsitioN
metaL
SKOWS
variabieoxidatioN
Sbabe.
ELEMENTS
COLOURED
COMPLEX
DUe
bo
d-d
uransitioN.
both
NS
ANdiN-
1)
eiéméNtS.
DUe
to
ParticiPakioN
o
MaNSANese
Shows
aLL
O.$.
Tobait
14
elemeNt
Cels)
bo
Lu
(711
LANTHANOIDS
variable
oxidobioN
State.
ScaNdum
dosew't
Show
cLECTROVIC
OXIDATION
STATE
ATION
comnoN
oxidatioN
Satt
43
is
Le
ALLOY
FORMATIo
bomic
Sizes
OXDES
Cower
oXidalioN
States
F
BLOCK
ELEMENTS
ELEMENvTe
IvvER
TRANSITION
commaN
oxidotioN
Stot
Some
eiemeNLS
oLSo
43
iS
Ue
most
or
dmPhoterc
oxidatioN
SLabe
D
ANDF
BLOCK
CATALYTIC
PROPERTIES
DUe
to
Voriable
oxidatioN
IMPORTANT
COMPOUNDS
HobeCea
to
iN
RADIOACTIVITY
ACUiNoidS
are
moStLS
radioacLive
H
ELEMENTS
ACTINOIDS
CLECTRONIC
CoNFIGURATION
Due
bo
variable
oxidatieN
State.
STRUCTURE
iemenLS
TA90)
ko
Lrioa)
ACTINOID
CONTRACTION
Process
OXIDATIoN
STATE
Gradual
decreae
iN
bhe
Size
of
ackinoids
eiemeNE
GrosS
Period
Most
Stott
ble
oxidotioN
Stabe
is
3.
T
PotasSiuM
PermaNgaNate
KMNO,
AcbiNoids
aLse
Shoud
+S.
+
Nd
7
lLSo
PotassiUmdichromnate
Cr,0
19H
K,cr,0,
APPLICATION
OCr
7H,0
2Cr
It
oxidises
i
to
l,
H,S
to
S,
S0
to
so.
NO;
Lo
NO;.
Dichromate
joN
PREPARATION
Prepared
erom
miNeraL
PUroiuSite
IN
NEUTRAL
OR
FAINTY
ALKALIvE
MEDIUM
MNO2
are
used
iv
battkeries
2MNO,
4KOH
+
0,
MNO,
2H,0
+3e
2K,MiN0,+
2H,0
2MNO,
MNO,
+2H,0
Zeigter
Nabba
cott
otMSt
(TICLY
&
A(CH313
uSed
iN
POLSUheNej
3MNO
+
9H
>BNa,
Cro,
+2Fe,0,t
8CO,
>Na,Cr,o,
+Na,
so,
Na,so,
+H,0
K,Cr,0,
+
2NaCi
Chromates
aNd
dichromates
oare
iwtercONVertibie.
Prerared
from
Chromite
ore.
VFeCr,o,t
&NaL,C0,
+70,
+H,0
2Na,Cr0,+
H,s0s
2NG,
Cr,0,
+
2KC
PaCL2
is
uSed
as
a
catotsSt
iN
wolkeS
erocess.
k
oxidises
s,o
to
sot
to
O,
AgBr
iN
PhoLograPhic
iNduStrs
Hees
i
ProductioN
oe
iroN
aNd
Steets.
IN
ACIDIC
MEDIUM
MNO,
+SH
-Se
2cro,
+2H
Chromate
joN
(yeitow)
Oxidišiwg
Properties
basic
mediUm
Cr,o
MN
+H,0
It
oxidises
|
to
1,
NO,
Lo
NO,
fe;
to
Fe
C,o
to
co.
(oravge
redi
CONTRACTION
CHEMICAL
REACTION
MeLtiNg&Boiting
PoiNt
DVe
Lo
SUroNger
metatic
aNd
boitiwg
eoit
Thes
are
hard
hes
Show
MetoLLIC
ChOracteristics
Steady
decrease
iN
the
rise
oe
LaNthNoid
metats
(érom
La
to
Lu)
with
iNcrease
iN
abomic
NuMber.
Thes
kove
low
volatility
except
ZN.
Cd.
H9
Sd
Series
Hg(8O)
Lwx,
witk
halogeNS
UNPOired
d-eiecuroNs
94
Series
YI39)
toCa48)
H,
with
acias
CoNSequeNces
PLYSicaL
ProperLies
34
Series
keated
witk
s
ATOMIC
SIZE
AoiC
Nd
toNic
radii
or
Ehaw
sbloc3
re
Smaler
Zr
oNd
HP
have
Simitar
Sizes.
SeperatioN
of
ANthaNoids
elemneNtS.
LNN
keated
with
N
LN
CoNSuSatioN
(N-1laNS
Sd
series
have
higk
ioNiSatioN
eNergy
bhaN
4d
series.
LMIOHI,
H,
with
H,d
Decrease
iN
komic
radi
wiLh
iNGredse
iN
obomic
Number
is
NOt
regULar.
LubetiuM
hYdroxide
is
lesS
basic
thdaN
LaNthawum
hydroxide.
burwS
iN
O,
with
C
2773
K
iONISATION
ENTHALPY
iNGreases
erom
Left
to
rigkt
iNa
Periad
D
BLOCK
ELEMENTS
(TRANSITION
ELEMENTS)
Lw,0,
OXIDATION
STATE
TraNsitioN
metaL
SKOWS
variabieoxidatioN
Sbabe.
ELEMENTS
COLOURED
COMPLEX
DUe
bo
d-d
uransitioN.
both
NS
ANdiN-
1)
eiéméNtS.
DUe
to
ParticiPakioN
o
MaNSANese
Shows
aLL
O.$.
Tobait
14
elemeNt
Cels)
bo
Lu
(711
LANTHANOIDS
variable
oxidobioN
State.
ScaNdum
dosew't
Show
cLECTROVIC
OXIDATION
STATE
ATION
comnoN
oxidatioN
Satt
43
is
Le
ALLOY
FORMATIo
bomic
Sizes
OXDES
Cower
oXidalioN
States
F
BLOCK
ELEMENTS
ELEMENvTe
IvvER
TRANSITION
commaN
oxidotioN
Stot
Some
eiemeNLS
oLSo
43
iS
Ue
most
or
dmPhoterc
oxidatioN
SLabe
D
ANDF
BLOCK
CATALYTIC
PROPERTIES
DUe
to
Voriable
oxidatioN
IMPORTANT
COMPOUNDS
HobeCea
to
iN
RADIOACTIVITY
ACUiNoidS
are
moStLS
radioacLive
H
ELEMENTS
ACTINOIDS
CLECTRONIC
CoNFIGURATION
Due
bo
variable
oxidatieN
State.
STRUCTURE
iemenLS
TA90)
ko
Lrioa)
ACTINOID
CONTRACTION
Process
OXIDATIoN
STATE
Gradual
decreae
iN
bhe
Size
of
ackinoids
eiemeNE
GrosS
Period
Most
Stott
ble
oxidotioN
Stabe
is
3.
T
PotasSiuM
PermaNgaNate
KMNO,
AcbiNoids
aLse
Shoud
+S.
+
Nd
7
lLSo
PotassiUmdichromnate
Cr,0
19H
K,cr,0,
APPLICATION
OCr
7H,0
2Cr
It
oxidises
i
to
l,
H,S
to
S,
S0
to
so.
NO;
Lo
NO;.
Dichromate
joN
PREPARATION
Prepared
erom
miNeraL
PUroiuSite
IN
NEUTRAL
OR
FAINTY
ALKALIvE
MEDIUM
MNO2
are
used
iv
battkeries
2MNO,
4KOH
+
0,
MNO,
2H,0
+3e
2K,MiN0,+
2H,0
2MNO,
MNO,
+2H,0
Zeigter
Nabba
cott
otMSt
(TICLY
&
A(CH313
uSed
iN
POLSUheNej
3MNO
+
9H
>BNa,
Cro,
+2Fe,0,t
8CO,
>Na,Cr,o,
+Na,
so,
Na,so,
+H,0
K,Cr,0,
+
2NaCi
Chromates
aNd
dichromates
oare
iwtercONVertibie.
Prerared
from
Chromite
ore.
VFeCr,o,t
&NaL,C0,
+70,
+H,0
2Na,Cr0,+
H,s0s
2NG,
Cr,0,
+
2KC
PaCL2
is
uSed
as
a
catotsSt
iN
wolkeS
erocess.
k
oxidises
s,o
to
sot
to
O,
AgBr
iN
PhoLograPhic
iNduStrs
Hees
i
ProductioN
oe
iroN
aNd
Steets.
IN
ACIDIC
MEDIUM
MNO,
+SH
-Se
2cro,
+2H
Chromate
joN
(yeitow)
Oxidišiwg
Properties
basic
mediUm
Cr,o
MN
+H,0
It
oxidises
|
to
1,
NO,
Lo
NO,
fe;
to
Fe
C,o
to
co.
(oravge
redi
(a.)Ti
(1.)Amongthetransitionmetalsof3d-series,theonethathasthehighestnegativeM*/Mstandard
electrodepotentialis
(c.)Mn
(2.)ComputethegivenreactionofKMnO,inacidicmedium:
SFe'
+MnO,+8H'
Mn+
4H,0+5X
5S+2MnO,+16H"
2Mn*+8H,0+5Y
ZNO,+2MnO,+6H'
2Mn+ZNO,+3H,0
(a.)Fe,S',6
X,YandZarerespectively
(c.)Fe,S,5
NCERTLINEBYLINEQUESTIONS
(a.)CO,,Mn,H,O
(C.)Mn0,,H,0,CO,
08.THED-
&F-BLOCKELEMENTS
(3.)Solutionofoxalateiscolourless.ItismadeacidicbyaddingexceedsofH,thentitratedwithKMnO,.
Nowatamomentif
someonehasaddedlargeamountofKMnO,initthenthepossibleproductsare
Hg(OH),.
(a.)I&III
(4.)WhichofthecomparisonregardingZn,Cd,Hgis/
areincorrect).
(c.)II&II
ZnC1,isionicwhereasCdCl,andHgCl,
arecovalent.
(b.)Cu
(d.)Ni
ZnandCddissolvesindiluteacid(HCI)liberatingH,butHgcannot.
(5.)ThesilverUKcoinsare
(a.)Cu/Znalloy
ZnandCdformingwhiteppt.ofZn(OH),andCd(OH),butHgformcolouredppt.of
(c.)Ag/Nialloy
(b.)Fe,s,7
(d.)Fe,s,5
(6.)Matchthefollowing.
(b.)Co,,MnO,,H,0
(d.)co,,MnO,H,0,Mn
(P)Radioactivelanthanoid
(b.)I&I
(d.)onlyI
(b.)
(d.)
(Q)Lanthanoidwhichhas4f'
in+2oxidationstate
(R)Lanthanoidwhichhas
4fin+3oxidationstate
(S)Lanthanoidwhichhas4f"in+3oxidationstate
Cu/
Nialloy
Ag/Aualloy.
(I)Eu
(I)La
(I)Pm
(IV)Gd
29
(1.)Amongthetransitionmetalsof3d-series,theonethathasthehighestnegativeM*/Mstandard
electrodepotentialis
(c.)Mn
(2.)ComputethegivenreactionofKMnO,inacidicmedium:
SFe'
+MnO,+8H'
Mn+
4H,0+5X
5S+2MnO,+16H"
2Mn*+8H,0+5Y
ZNO,+2MnO,+6H'
2Mn+ZNO,+3H,0
(a.)Fe,S',6
X,YandZarerespectively
(c.)Fe,S,5
NCERTLINEBYLINEQUESTIONS
(a.)CO,,Mn,H,O
(C.)Mn0,,H,0,CO,
08.THED-
&F-BLOCKELEMENTS
(3.)Solutionofoxalateiscolourless.ItismadeacidicbyaddingexceedsofH,thentitratedwithKMnO,.
Nowatamomentif
someonehasaddedlargeamountofKMnO,initthenthepossibleproductsare
Hg(OH),.
(a.)I&III
(4.)WhichofthecomparisonregardingZn,Cd,Hgis/
areincorrect).
(c.)II&II
ZnC1,isionicwhereasCdCl,andHgCl,
arecovalent.
(b.)Cu
(d.)Ni
ZnandCddissolvesindiluteacid(HCI)liberatingH,butHgcannot.
(5.)ThesilverUKcoinsare
(a.)Cu/Znalloy
ZnandCdformingwhiteppt.ofZn(OH),andCd(OH),butHgformcolouredppt.of
(c.)Ag/Nialloy
(b.)Fe,s,7
(d.)Fe,s,5
(6.)Matchthefollowing.
(b.)Co,,MnO,,H,0
(d.)co,,MnO,H,0,Mn
(P)Radioactivelanthanoid
(b.)I&I
(d.)onlyI
(b.)
(d.)
(Q)Lanthanoidwhichhas4f'
in+2oxidationstate
(R)Lanthanoidwhichhas
4fin+3oxidationstate
(S)Lanthanoidwhichhas4f"in+3oxidationstate
Cu/
Nialloy
Ag/Aualloy.
(I)Eu
(I)La
(I)Pm
(IV)Gd
29
(a.)PII,.Q-I,R-IV,S-II
(C.)P-I.Q-IILR-IV,S-II
(a.)theatomicstructureof
copperismuchdenser
thanzinc
(7.)Themeltingpointofcopperishigherthanthatofzincbecause
(c.)involvementoflessernumberofelectronsin
metallicbonding
(a.)CrO,CI,isformed.
(c.)K,Cro,isformed.
(9.)Considerthegivenstatements:
(8.)WhathappenswhenKCIisheatedwithH,SO,andpotassiumdichromate?
(a.)Ionly
Whichofthegivenstatement(s)is/arecorrect
(c.)II&
II
only
Cu(I)andCu(M)?
Initshigheroxidationstates,manganeseformsstablecompoundswithoxygenandfluorine.
(a.)
E.C.ofCu(1)is3d'andCu(u)is3d".
(C.)Cu(I)andCu(1)
areequallystable.
MnandCo*
areoxidisingagentsinaqueoussolution.
TiandCr*arereducingagentsinaqueoussolution.
(a.)BothAandRarecorrectandRicorrect
explanationofA.
(c.)AistruebutRisfalse.
(b.)P-II,Q-IV,R-I,SII
(10.)ElectronicconfigurationofCuisgiven
as
Ar]3d"4s.Thenwhichofthefollowingiscorrectabout
(12.)Assertion:SeparationofZrandHfisdifficult.
(d.)P-II,Q-II1,R-IV,S-I
(a.)Both
A
andR
arecorrectandRiscorrect
(b.)theatomicvolumeof
copperishigh
explanationofA.
(d.)involvementof(n-1)delectronsinmetallic
bonding.
(c.)AistruebutRisfalse.
(11.)Assertion:Thehighestoxidationstateofosmiunmis+6.
Reason:Osmiumisa6d-blockelement.
(b.)CrCI,isformed.
(a.)sizeoftheions
(d.)Cr,(SO,),
isformed.
(c.)oxidationstatesoftheions
(b.)I&IIonly
(d.)allofthese
(b.)
(d.)
Reason:Bothhavesamechemicalpropertiesduetosimilarradius
Cu{(I)ismorestablethanCu(1).
StabilityofCu(I)andCu(II)depends
on
natureofcoppersalts.
(b.)Both
A
andR
arecorrectbutRisnotcorrect
explanationof
A.
(d.)BothAandRarefalse.
(b.)BothAandRarecorrectbutRisnotcorrect
explanationof
A.
(13.)Theseparationoflanthanidesbyionexchangemethodisbasedon
(d.)BothAandRarefalse.
(b.)thesolubilityoftheirnitrates
(d.)basicityofthehydroxidesoflanthanides.
(14.)Whichofthefollowingionsshowhigherspinonlymagneticmomentvalue
(a.)
Ti&Mn?+ (b.)Mn?*&
Ti
30
(C.)P-I.Q-IILR-IV,S-II
(a.)theatomicstructureof
copperismuchdenser
thanzinc
(7.)Themeltingpointofcopperishigherthanthatofzincbecause
(c.)involvementoflessernumberofelectronsin
metallicbonding
(a.)CrO,CI,isformed.
(c.)K,Cro,isformed.
(9.)Considerthegivenstatements:
(8.)WhathappenswhenKCIisheatedwithH,SO,andpotassiumdichromate?
(a.)Ionly
Whichofthegivenstatement(s)is/arecorrect
(c.)II&
II
only
Cu(I)andCu(M)?
Initshigheroxidationstates,manganeseformsstablecompoundswithoxygenandfluorine.
(a.)
E.C.ofCu(1)is3d'andCu(u)is3d".
(C.)Cu(I)andCu(1)
areequallystable.
MnandCo*
areoxidisingagentsinaqueoussolution.
TiandCr*arereducingagentsinaqueoussolution.
(a.)BothAandRarecorrectandRicorrect
explanationofA.
(c.)AistruebutRisfalse.
(b.)P-II,Q-IV,R-I,SII
(10.)ElectronicconfigurationofCuisgiven
as
Ar]3d"4s.Thenwhichofthefollowingiscorrectabout
(12.)Assertion:SeparationofZrandHfisdifficult.
(d.)P-II,Q-II1,R-IV,S-I
(a.)Both
A
andR
arecorrectandRiscorrect
(b.)theatomicvolumeof
copperishigh
explanationofA.
(d.)involvementof(n-1)delectronsinmetallic
bonding.
(c.)AistruebutRisfalse.
(11.)Assertion:Thehighestoxidationstateofosmiunmis+6.
Reason:Osmiumisa6d-blockelement.
(b.)CrCI,isformed.
(a.)sizeoftheions
(d.)Cr,(SO,),
isformed.
(c.)oxidationstatesoftheions
(b.)I&IIonly
(d.)allofthese
(b.)
(d.)
Reason:Bothhavesamechemicalpropertiesduetosimilarradius
Cu{(I)ismorestablethanCu(1).
StabilityofCu(I)andCu(II)depends
on
natureofcoppersalts.
(b.)Both
A
andR
arecorrectbutRisnotcorrect
explanationof
A.
(d.)BothAandRarefalse.
(b.)BothAandRarecorrectbutRisnotcorrect
explanationof
A.
(13.)Theseparationoflanthanidesbyionexchangemethodisbasedon
(d.)BothAandRarefalse.
(b.)thesolubilityoftheirnitrates
(d.)basicityofthehydroxidesoflanthanides.
(14.)Whichofthefollowingionsshowhigherspinonlymagneticmomentvalue
(a.)
Ti&Mn?+ (b.)Mn?*&
Ti
30
(c.)
Mn&Fe
(15.)Manganeseexhibititshighestoxidationstate(+7)initsoxidenotinitsfluoride,why.
(a.)Oxygenislesselectronegativethanfluorine.
(C.)Fluorinestabilisesloweroxidationstate.
(C.)Exchangeenergy
(a.)Co.Cr*,
(16.)Whichofthefollowingfactorsisresponsibleforthevalueofionisationenthalpy.
(a.)Attractionofeachelectrontowardsnucleus
(c.)Mn,Cr
(I)Chlorine
gasisevolved
(17.)Transitionelementsshownmagneticmomentduetopresenceofunpairedelectrons.Whichofthe
followingpairshavesamemagncticmoment?
(I)Orangeredvapoursareevolved
(a.)Ionly
(c.)I&II
(18.)When
a
mixtureofNaClandK,Cr,0,isgentlywarmedwithcontractedH,SO,,then
(a.)theradioactivenatureofactinoids
(c.)5f.6dand7slevelshavingcomparable
(I)ThevapourswhenpassedintoNaOHsolutiongiveayellowsolutionofNa,Cr0,
Whichofthefollowingis/arecorrect
energies
(d.)
Co&
Mn
(20.)Generalelectronicconfigurationoflanthanoidsis
(a.)(n-2)r-"(n-1)spa'ns
(c.)(n-2)f"(n-1)d"ns'
(6.)Oxygenpossesd-orbitalswhilefluorinedoes
nor.
(a.)BothAandRarecorrectandRiscorrect
(d.)Incovalentcompoundsfluorinecanform
singlebondonlywhileoxygen
fornsdouble
bonds.
(19.)The
reasonforgreaterrangeofoxidationstareinactinoidsisattributedto
explanationofA.
(C.)Aistruebut
R
isfalse.
(b.)Repulsionbetweentheelectrons
(d.)Allofthese
(22.)Matchthecatalystswiththeprocesses.
(i)Ni/H,
(b.)Cr,Mn'
(d.)Co,Cr
(b.)II&II
(d.)Allarecorrect
(b.)actinoidcontraction
(21.)Assertion:Potassiumdichromateisused
asa
primarystandardinvolumetricanalysis.
Reason:Sodiumandpotassiumdichromatesarestrongoxidisingagents.
(d.)4fand5dlevelsbeingcloseinenergies.
(b.)
(n-2)r"(n-)a'ns
(d.)(n-2)d'"(n-1)Fns
(b.)BothAandRarecorrectbutRisnorcorrect
explanationofA.
(d.)BothAandRarefalse.
(P)Reactionbetweeniodideandpersulphateions
31
Mn&Fe
(15.)Manganeseexhibititshighestoxidationstate(+7)initsoxidenotinitsfluoride,why.
(a.)Oxygenislesselectronegativethanfluorine.
(C.)Fluorinestabilisesloweroxidationstate.
(C.)Exchangeenergy
(a.)Co.Cr*,
(16.)Whichofthefollowingfactorsisresponsibleforthevalueofionisationenthalpy.
(a.)Attractionofeachelectrontowardsnucleus
(c.)Mn,Cr
(I)Chlorine
gasisevolved
(17.)Transitionelementsshownmagneticmomentduetopresenceofunpairedelectrons.Whichofthe
followingpairshavesamemagncticmoment?
(I)Orangeredvapoursareevolved
(a.)Ionly
(c.)I&II
(18.)When
a
mixtureofNaClandK,Cr,0,isgentlywarmedwithcontractedH,SO,,then
(a.)theradioactivenatureofactinoids
(c.)5f.6dand7slevelshavingcomparable
(I)ThevapourswhenpassedintoNaOHsolutiongiveayellowsolutionofNa,Cr0,
Whichofthefollowingis/arecorrect
energies
(d.)
Co&
Mn
(20.)Generalelectronicconfigurationoflanthanoidsis
(a.)(n-2)r-"(n-1)spa'ns
(c.)(n-2)f"(n-1)d"ns'
(6.)Oxygenpossesd-orbitalswhilefluorinedoes
nor.
(a.)BothAandRarecorrectandRiscorrect
(d.)Incovalentcompoundsfluorinecanform
singlebondonlywhileoxygen
fornsdouble
bonds.
(19.)The
reasonforgreaterrangeofoxidationstareinactinoidsisattributedto
explanationofA.
(C.)Aistruebut
R
isfalse.
(b.)Repulsionbetweentheelectrons
(d.)Allofthese
(22.)Matchthecatalystswiththeprocesses.
(i)Ni/H,
(b.)Cr,Mn'
(d.)Co,Cr
(b.)II&II
(d.)Allarecorrect
(b.)actinoidcontraction
(21.)Assertion:Potassiumdichromateisused
asa
primarystandardinvolumetricanalysis.
Reason:Sodiumandpotassiumdichromatesarestrongoxidisingagents.
(d.)4fand5dlevelsbeingcloseinenergies.
(b.)
(n-2)r"(n-)a'ns
(d.)(n-2)d'"(n-1)Fns
(b.)BothAandRarecorrectbutRisnorcorrect
explanationofA.
(d.)BothAandRarefalse.
(P)Reactionbetweeniodideandpersulphateions
31
(ii)Cu,Cl,
(ii)Fe(II)
(iv)FinelydividedFe
(a.)()-Q,(i)-P,(iüi)-S,(iv)-R
(c.)(i)-P.(i)-R,(iii)-Q.(iv)-S
(a.)Eu
(C.)Gd
(24.)Whichofthefollowing
are
radioactive?
(23.)Whichofthefollowingelementsshowsmaximumnumberofdifferentoxidationstatesinits
compounds?
(a.)Tb&Pm
(C.)Am&Tb
(a.)co,isformed
as
theproduct.
(C.)
Mn
catalysesthereaction.
(26.)ThecolourofKMnO,isdueto
(a.)L
Mchargetransfer
(C.)ML
chargetransfer
(25.)WhichofthefollowingiscorrectaboutreactionofKMnO,withOxalicacid?
(a.)HCIisstrongeracidthanHNO,
(C.)formationofprotectiveoxidelayerbyHNO,
3electronsinneutralmedium
5electronsinacidicmedium
(c.)I&II
(Q)Vegetableoiltoghee
Whichofthefollowingis/arecorrect
(a.)Only
II
(R)Sandmeyerreaction
lelectroninalkalinemedium
(S)Haber'sprocess
(b.)(i)-P,(ii)-Q,(ii)-S,(iv)-R
(d.)(i)-Q,(ii)-R,(iii)-P,(iv)-S
(27.)ActinoidsaregenerallyslightlyaffectedbyHNO,butHCIattacksalmostallmetalsbecause
(a.)samenumberofvalenceelectrons
(c.)almostsimilaratomicradius
(b.)La
(d.)Am
(b.)Pm&Pa
(d.)Pa&Am
(28.)Reductionofmetalcentreinaqueouspermanganateioninvolves
(b.)ThedecolourisatonofKMnO,isslowinthe
beginningandbecomeinstantaneousafter
Sometime.
(d.)Allofthese
(b.)oG*transition
(d.)d-dtransition.
(b.)HNO,isstrongeracidthanHCI
(d.)formationofprotectiveoxidelayerbyHCI.
(29.)Thereasonbehindthesamephysicalandchemicalpropertiesofzirconiumn(4d–series)andhafnium
(5d-series)is
(b.)
II&III
(d.)Allofthese
(b.)samevalueofclectrodepotential
(d.)
sameenthalpyofatomisation.
32
(ii)Fe(II)
(iv)FinelydividedFe
(a.)()-Q,(i)-P,(iüi)-S,(iv)-R
(c.)(i)-P.(i)-R,(iii)-Q.(iv)-S
(a.)Eu
(C.)Gd
(24.)Whichofthefollowing
are
radioactive?
(23.)Whichofthefollowingelementsshowsmaximumnumberofdifferentoxidationstatesinits
compounds?
(a.)Tb&Pm
(C.)Am&Tb
(a.)co,isformed
as
theproduct.
(C.)
Mn
catalysesthereaction.
(26.)ThecolourofKMnO,isdueto
(a.)L
Mchargetransfer
(C.)ML
chargetransfer
(25.)WhichofthefollowingiscorrectaboutreactionofKMnO,withOxalicacid?
(a.)HCIisstrongeracidthanHNO,
(C.)formationofprotectiveoxidelayerbyHNO,
3electronsinneutralmedium
5electronsinacidicmedium
(c.)I&II
(Q)Vegetableoiltoghee
Whichofthefollowingis/arecorrect
(a.)Only
II
(R)Sandmeyerreaction
lelectroninalkalinemedium
(S)Haber'sprocess
(b.)(i)-P,(ii)-Q,(ii)-S,(iv)-R
(d.)(i)-Q,(ii)-R,(iii)-P,(iv)-S
(27.)ActinoidsaregenerallyslightlyaffectedbyHNO,butHCIattacksalmostallmetalsbecause
(a.)samenumberofvalenceelectrons
(c.)almostsimilaratomicradius
(b.)La
(d.)Am
(b.)Pm&Pa
(d.)Pa&Am
(28.)Reductionofmetalcentreinaqueouspermanganateioninvolves
(b.)ThedecolourisatonofKMnO,isslowinthe
beginningandbecomeinstantaneousafter
Sometime.
(d.)Allofthese
(b.)oG*transition
(d.)d-dtransition.
(b.)HNO,isstrongeracidthanHCI
(d.)formationofprotectiveoxidelayerbyHCI.
(29.)Thereasonbehindthesamephysicalandchemicalpropertiesofzirconiumn(4d–series)andhafnium
(5d-series)is
(b.)
II&III
(d.)Allofthese
(b.)samevalueofclectrodepotential
(d.)
sameenthalpyofatomisation.
32
(30.)WhenneutralorfaintlyalkalineKMnO,istreatedwithpotassiumiodide,iodideionisconvertedinto
X.Xis
(a.)Io
(C.)10,
(31.)TheelectronicconfigurationofEu(Atomic
no.63),Gd(Atomic
no.64)andTb(Atomic
no.65)are
(a.)[xe]4f'6s*.[Xe]4f°6s'and[Xc]4r"sd'6s(b.)
[Xe]4f'sd'6s'.[Xc]4'sd'6s'and|Xe]4f°
6s
(d,)[xe]
4'
6s'.[xe]4r"st'6s'and[Xe]4f"6s?(c.)[Xe]
4f°5d'6s*.(Xe]4f'sd'6s'and[Xe]4f'sd'6s?
(32.)WhichofthefollowingisnotcorrectlymatchedwithK,Cr0,reactions?
(a.)II,
(c.)H,SS
(a.)3.87BM.
(c.)4.89B.M.
(33.)Themagneticmomentof
a
divalentioninaqueoussolutionifitsatomicnumberis27,is
(34.)Marchthefollowingcolumns.
(P)Reagentoxidiscd
Feto
Fe
(R)GreencompoundformedbyfusingKOHwithMnQ,
(a.)P-(iv)
,
Q-(i).R-(i).S-(ii)
(c.)P-(iv),Q-i),R-(ii),S-(iü)
()Compoundhavingdarkpurplecrystalisostructurewith
KCIO,
(b.)1,
(d.)10,
decolourisationofoils.
(S)Compoundwhichhasorangecrystaltetrahedralstructure
acidified
Reason:KMnO,is
astrongoxidisingagent.
(a.)Both
A
andR
arecorrectandRiscorrect
explanationofA.
(b.)Sn²*
Sn
(c.)AistruebutRisfalse.
(d.)
Fe?
ret
(a.)Europiumshows+2oxidationstate.
(b.)
(C.)AlltheLanthanonsaremuch
nmore
reactive
(d.)
5.90B.M
(35.)Assertion:KMnO,isusedforbleachingwool,cotton,silkandothertextilefibresandfor
2.9B.M.
(i)K,Mn0,
(ii)KMn,
(ii)K,Cr0,
(iv)KMnO,
(b.)P-ii)
,
Q-(ii).R-),S-(iv)
(d.)P-(ii)
,
Q-i),R-(üi),S-(ív)
(b.)BothAandRareCorrectbutRisnotcorrect
explanationofA.
(36.)Whichoneofthefollowingstatementsrelatedtolanthanoidsisincorrect?
(d.)BothAandRarefalse.
(b.)Thebasicitydecrease
astheionicradius
decreasesfromPrtoLu.
(d.)Ce(+4)solutions
arewidelyused
asoxidising
33
X.Xis
(a.)Io
(C.)10,
(31.)TheelectronicconfigurationofEu(Atomic
no.63),Gd(Atomic
no.64)andTb(Atomic
no.65)are
(a.)[xe]4f'6s*.[Xe]4f°6s'and[Xc]4r"sd'6s(b.)
[Xe]4f'sd'6s'.[Xc]4'sd'6s'and|Xe]4f°
6s
(d,)[xe]
4'
6s'.[xe]4r"st'6s'and[Xe]4f"6s?(c.)[Xe]
4f°5d'6s*.(Xe]4f'sd'6s'and[Xe]4f'sd'6s?
(32.)WhichofthefollowingisnotcorrectlymatchedwithK,Cr0,reactions?
(a.)II,
(c.)H,SS
(a.)3.87BM.
(c.)4.89B.M.
(33.)Themagneticmomentof
a
divalentioninaqueoussolutionifitsatomicnumberis27,is
(34.)Marchthefollowingcolumns.
(P)Reagentoxidiscd
Feto
Fe
(R)GreencompoundformedbyfusingKOHwithMnQ,
(a.)P-(iv)
,
Q-(i).R-(i).S-(ii)
(c.)P-(iv),Q-i),R-(ii),S-(iü)
()Compoundhavingdarkpurplecrystalisostructurewith
KCIO,
(b.)1,
(d.)10,
decolourisationofoils.
(S)Compoundwhichhasorangecrystaltetrahedralstructure
acidified
Reason:KMnO,is
astrongoxidisingagent.
(a.)Both
A
andR
arecorrectandRiscorrect
explanationofA.
(b.)Sn²*
Sn
(c.)AistruebutRisfalse.
(d.)
Fe?
ret
(a.)Europiumshows+2oxidationstate.
(b.)
(C.)AlltheLanthanonsaremuch
nmore
reactive
(d.)
5.90B.M
(35.)Assertion:KMnO,isusedforbleachingwool,cotton,silkandothertextilefibresandfor
2.9B.M.
(i)K,Mn0,
(ii)KMn,
(ii)K,Cr0,
(iv)KMnO,
(b.)P-ii)
,
Q-(ii).R-),S-(iv)
(d.)P-(ii)
,
Q-i),R-(üi),S-(ív)
(b.)BothAandRareCorrectbutRisnotcorrect
explanationofA.
(36.)Whichoneofthefollowingstatementsrelatedtolanthanoidsisincorrect?
(d.)BothAandRarefalse.
(b.)Thebasicitydecrease
astheionicradius
decreasesfromPrtoLu.
(d.)Ce(+4)solutions
arewidelyused
asoxidising
33
thanaluminum.
(37.)Amongthefollowingpairsofions,thelowerOxidationstateinaqueoussolutionismorestablethan
theother,in
(a.)Ti,Ti*
(c.)Cr,Cr*
(38.)AmongSc(I),Ti(IV),Pd(1)andCu(1)ions
(a.)allare
paramagnetic
(C.)Sc(II),Ti(IV)
are
paramagneticandPd(II)
andCu(II)
arediamagnetic
(39.)Thereasonforlanthanoidcontractionis
(a.)greatershicldingof4f
-
clectrons
(C.)greatershieldingof5d
-
electrons
(40.)Corectsetofamphotericoxidesis
(a.)v,0,,Cr,0,
(c.)V,0,.CrO,
(41.)ThecompositionofMischmetalis
(a.)Lanthanoidmctals
(-90)+Fe(-9.5%)+S,C,Ca,
Al
(C.)Lanthanoidmetals(90%)+Actinoids
(5%)+C(s%)
(a.)
3MnO;+4H'2MnO,+MnO,+
2H,0
(c.)2Mn0,
+
3Mn*+2H,0SMnO,
+
4H
(a.)U,Pa,Cm
(c.)Th,Pa,Md
agentinvolumetricanalysis.
(a.)ionicradiusof
Fe
issmaller
(b.)Cu,Cu2:
(C.)
Fehaslowerreductionpotential
(d.)v²,
vO²*
(b.)allthediamagnetic
Reason:Theouterelectrons
arelessfirmlyheld.
(d.)Sc(Ii),Ti(IV)
are
diamagneticandPd()
andCu(II)
areparamagnetic.
(b.)
poorshieldingof4f
-
electrons
(d.)poorshieldingof5d
-
electrons.
(42.)WhichofthefollowingreactionofKMNO,representdisproportionation
(b.)Cr0,V,0,
(d.)Mn,0,,CrO,
(b.)Lanthanoidmetals
(43.)Whichofthefollowingactinoidshave6dintheirelectronicconfiguration.
(-95)
+Fe(-5%)+S,C,Ca,Al
(d.)Lanthanoidmetals(95%)+
C(5%)+Fe,S,Al
(b.)2KMnO,
K,MnO,+MnO,+0,
(d.)Allofthese
(44.)StabilityofFecompoundsismuchmorethanstabilityofFe*compounds.Thecorrectreasonform
thisis
(b.)U,Th,Fm
(d.)Cm,Fm,No
(b.)
Fe
undergoisproportionauion
(d.)
Fehasstabled'configuration.
(45.)Assertion:Sfclcctrons
arcmorccffectivclyshicldedfromthcnuclcarchargethanthe4f
-
electrons
ofthecorrespondinglanthanoids.
34
(37.)Amongthefollowingpairsofions,thelowerOxidationstateinaqueoussolutionismorestablethan
theother,in
(a.)Ti,Ti*
(c.)Cr,Cr*
(38.)AmongSc(I),Ti(IV),Pd(1)andCu(1)ions
(a.)allare
paramagnetic
(C.)Sc(II),Ti(IV)
are
paramagneticandPd(II)
andCu(II)
arediamagnetic
(39.)Thereasonforlanthanoidcontractionis
(a.)greatershicldingof4f
-
clectrons
(C.)greatershieldingof5d
-
electrons
(40.)Corectsetofamphotericoxidesis
(a.)v,0,,Cr,0,
(c.)V,0,.CrO,
(41.)ThecompositionofMischmetalis
(a.)Lanthanoidmctals
(-90)+Fe(-9.5%)+S,C,Ca,
Al
(C.)Lanthanoidmetals(90%)+Actinoids
(5%)+C(s%)
(a.)
3MnO;+4H'2MnO,+MnO,+
2H,0
(c.)2Mn0,
+
3Mn*+2H,0SMnO,
+
4H
(a.)U,Pa,Cm
(c.)Th,Pa,Md
agentinvolumetricanalysis.
(a.)ionicradiusof
Fe
issmaller
(b.)Cu,Cu2:
(C.)
Fehaslowerreductionpotential
(d.)v²,
vO²*
(b.)allthediamagnetic
Reason:Theouterelectrons
arelessfirmlyheld.
(d.)Sc(Ii),Ti(IV)
are
diamagneticandPd()
andCu(II)
areparamagnetic.
(b.)
poorshieldingof4f
-
electrons
(d.)poorshieldingof5d
-
electrons.
(42.)WhichofthefollowingreactionofKMNO,representdisproportionation
(b.)Cr0,V,0,
(d.)Mn,0,,CrO,
(b.)Lanthanoidmetals
(43.)Whichofthefollowingactinoidshave6dintheirelectronicconfiguration.
(-95)
+Fe(-5%)+S,C,Ca,Al
(d.)Lanthanoidmetals(95%)+
C(5%)+Fe,S,Al
(b.)2KMnO,
K,MnO,+MnO,+0,
(d.)Allofthese
(44.)StabilityofFecompoundsismuchmorethanstabilityofFe*compounds.Thecorrectreasonform
thisis
(b.)U,Th,Fm
(d.)Cm,Fm,No
(b.)
Fe
undergoisproportionauion
(d.)
Fehasstabled'configuration.
(45.)Assertion:Sfclcctrons
arcmorccffectivclyshicldedfromthcnuclcarchargethanthe4f
-
electrons
ofthecorrespondinglanthanoids.
34
(a.)BothAandRarccorrectandRiscorrect
explanationofA.
(c.)AistrucbutRisfalse.
(a.)Cr&Ni
(46.)WhichofthefollowingelementswillformMFtypecompounds
(C.)Co&Cu
(a.)Inacidicmedium,I
L,
(c.)Inacidicmedium,
S
SO,
(48.)Thecorrectreasonforlanthanoidcontractionis
(a.)imperfectshicldingeffectoff-orbitals
(c.)decreasingnuclearcharge
(47.)WhichofthefollowingisnotcorrectlymatchedforKMn0,?
(49.)Matchthefollowing.
(Compounds/elements)
(P)Lanthanoidoxide
ColumnI
(QMgbasedalloy
(R)Mixedoxidesoflanthanoids
(S)Lanthanoids
(a.)P-III,Q-1,R-IV,S-II
(c.)P-IL,Q-IV,R-IL,S-I
(50.)Whichisnottrueaboutlanthanoids?
(b.)BothAandRarecorrectbutRisnotcorrect
explanationofA.
(a.)Allthelanthanoidsaresilverywhitesoft
metalsandtarnishrapidlyinair.
(d.)BothAandR
arefalse.
(C.)Lanthanides
areseparatedfromoneanotherby
ionexchangemethods.
(b.)Cr&Cu
(d.)Cr&Co
(b.)
Inneutralmedium,S,0s0,
(d.)Inneutralmedium,Mn
Mn0,
(b.)incrcasingnuclcarcharge
(d.)decreasinginmetallicradius.
(I)Lighterflint
(II)Alloysteel
ColumnII
(Use)
(III)Televisionscreen
(IV)Petroleumcracking
(b.)P-II,Q-1,R-I,S-IV
(d.)P-I,Q-II,R-I,S-IV
(b.)Alllanthanoidsarehighlydensemetals.
(d.)Thehardnessdecreaseswithincreasingatomic
number,samariumbeingsteelhard.
35
explanationofA.
(c.)AistrucbutRisfalse.
(a.)Cr&Ni
(46.)WhichofthefollowingelementswillformMFtypecompounds
(C.)Co&Cu
(a.)Inacidicmedium,I
L,
(c.)Inacidicmedium,
S
SO,
(48.)Thecorrectreasonforlanthanoidcontractionis
(a.)imperfectshicldingeffectoff-orbitals
(c.)decreasingnuclearcharge
(47.)WhichofthefollowingisnotcorrectlymatchedforKMn0,?
(49.)Matchthefollowing.
(Compounds/elements)
(P)Lanthanoidoxide
ColumnI
(QMgbasedalloy
(R)Mixedoxidesoflanthanoids
(S)Lanthanoids
(a.)P-III,Q-1,R-IV,S-II
(c.)P-IL,Q-IV,R-IL,S-I
(50.)Whichisnottrueaboutlanthanoids?
(b.)BothAandRarecorrectbutRisnotcorrect
explanationofA.
(a.)Allthelanthanoidsaresilverywhitesoft
metalsandtarnishrapidlyinair.
(d.)BothAandR
arefalse.
(C.)Lanthanides
areseparatedfromoneanotherby
ionexchangemethods.
(b.)Cr&Cu
(d.)Cr&Co
(b.)
Inneutralmedium,S,0s0,
(d.)Inneutralmedium,Mn
Mn0,
(b.)incrcasingnuclcarcharge
(d.)decreasinginmetallicradius.
(I)Lighterflint
(II)Alloysteel
ColumnII
(Use)
(III)Televisionscreen
(IV)Petroleumcracking
(b.)P-II,Q-1,R-I,S-IV
(d.)P-I,Q-II,R-I,S-IV
(b.)Alllanthanoidsarehighlydensemetals.
(d.)Thehardnessdecreaseswithincreasingatomic
number,samariumbeingsteelhard.
35
1.
2
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
TOPIC1:Characteristicsofd-BlockElements
Whichofthefollowingisnotaconditionforcomplcxformation?
1)Smallatomicsize 2)Highnuclearcharge
TOPICWISEPRACTICEQUESTIONS
3)Variableoxidationstates4)Availabilityofvacantdorbitals
Thestabilityofparticularoxidationstateof
a
metalinaqueoussolutionisdeterminedby
I)enthalpyofsublimationofthemetal
3)enthalpyofhydrationofthemetalion
Ingeneral,themeltingandboilingpointsoftransitionmetals
)increasesgraduallyacrosstheperiodfromlefttoright.
2)decreasesgraduallyacrOsstheperiodfromlefttoright.
3)firstincreasestillthemiddleoftheperiodandthendecreasestowardstheend.
1)OnlyMnO2
4)firstdecreasesregularlytillthemiddleoftheperiodandthenincreasestowardstheend.
Whichofthefollowingisusedinthepreparationofchlorine?
3)BothMnO,andKMnO4
1)VCl,
Chlorocompoundofvanadiumhasonlyspinmagneticmomentof1.73BM.Thisvanadiumchloride
hastheformula:
2)VCl,
2)ionisationenergy
4)allofthese
1)Ti
2)OnlyKMnO4
4)EitherMnO,
orKMnO4
Theaqueoussolutioncontainingwhichone
ofthefollowingionswillbecolourless?(Atomicnumber:
Sc=21,Fe
=
26,Ti=
22,Mn
=
25).
1)Se+ 2)
Fe
3)VCl;
3)T;+
2)Cr
Amongthetransitionelementstheelementwithlowestmeltingpointbelongsto
1)Group3 4)Group122)Group11
Whichofthefollowingionsdocsnotliberatehydrogengason
rcactionwithdiluteacids?
1)Ti" 2)
V²
3)
C
Whichone
ofthefollowingspeciesisstable
1)Cr
2)MnO
Whichtransitionmetalhaslowestdensity?
1)Sc 2)Ti 3)Zn
Whichofthefollowingionshasthemaximummagneticmoment?
l)
Mn+2 2)
Fe+2
4)Cr-2
I)+5,+6,+2,+3 2)+3,+4,+5,+2
Whichofthefollowingpairshasthesamesize?
1)
Fe,Ni
2)
Zr',Ti"
3)Group6
3)
Ti
1)Co(Z
=
27)
4)
Mn2
aqueoussolution
?
3)MnO
ThemaximumoxidationstateshownbyV(Z=23),Cr(Z=24),Co(Z=27),Sc(Z=21)
are
respectively
2)Ni(Z
=
28)
3)Ti
<V<Cr<Mn:increasingmeltingpoints
4)Mn*
3)Zr",
Hf
4
1)Ti<
V<Cr<Mn
:
increasingnumbcr
of
oxidationstates
4)VCls
Ofthefollowingelementswhichisnotexpectedtodisplayanoxidationstateof+6inanyofits
compounds?
3)Mn
2)T'<y²<Cr
<
Mn:
increasingmagneticmoment
3)+5,+3,+2,+1
4)Ti<V<Mn<Cr:incrcasing2ndionizationcnthalpy
4)Cu'
Whichone
ofthefollowingdoesnotcorrectlyrepresentthecorectorderofthepropertyindicated
againstit?
themthestandardpotential(Eet)valuehas
a
positivesign?
4)La
3)Cu(Z=29)
4)+4ineachcase
4)Zn.HI4"
Foursuccessivemembersofthefirstseriesofthetransitionmetalsarelistedbelow.Forwhichoneof
4)W
4)Fe(Z=26)
Thecatalyticactivityoftransitionmetalsandtheircompoundsismainlydueto
36
2
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
TOPIC1:Characteristicsofd-BlockElements
Whichofthefollowingisnotaconditionforcomplcxformation?
1)Smallatomicsize 2)Highnuclearcharge
TOPICWISEPRACTICEQUESTIONS
3)Variableoxidationstates4)Availabilityofvacantdorbitals
Thestabilityofparticularoxidationstateof
a
metalinaqueoussolutionisdeterminedby
I)enthalpyofsublimationofthemetal
3)enthalpyofhydrationofthemetalion
Ingeneral,themeltingandboilingpointsoftransitionmetals
)increasesgraduallyacrosstheperiodfromlefttoright.
2)decreasesgraduallyacrOsstheperiodfromlefttoright.
3)firstincreasestillthemiddleoftheperiodandthendecreasestowardstheend.
1)OnlyMnO2
4)firstdecreasesregularlytillthemiddleoftheperiodandthenincreasestowardstheend.
Whichofthefollowingisusedinthepreparationofchlorine?
3)BothMnO,andKMnO4
1)VCl,
Chlorocompoundofvanadiumhasonlyspinmagneticmomentof1.73BM.Thisvanadiumchloride
hastheformula:
2)VCl,
2)ionisationenergy
4)allofthese
1)Ti
2)OnlyKMnO4
4)EitherMnO,
orKMnO4
Theaqueoussolutioncontainingwhichone
ofthefollowingionswillbecolourless?(Atomicnumber:
Sc=21,Fe
=
26,Ti=
22,Mn
=
25).
1)Se+ 2)
Fe
3)VCl;
3)T;+
2)Cr
Amongthetransitionelementstheelementwithlowestmeltingpointbelongsto
1)Group3 4)Group122)Group11
Whichofthefollowingionsdocsnotliberatehydrogengason
rcactionwithdiluteacids?
1)Ti" 2)
V²
3)
C
Whichone
ofthefollowingspeciesisstable
1)Cr
2)MnO
Whichtransitionmetalhaslowestdensity?
1)Sc 2)Ti 3)Zn
Whichofthefollowingionshasthemaximummagneticmoment?
l)
Mn+2 2)
Fe+2
4)Cr-2
I)+5,+6,+2,+3 2)+3,+4,+5,+2
Whichofthefollowingpairshasthesamesize?
1)
Fe,Ni
2)
Zr',Ti"
3)Group6
3)
Ti
1)Co(Z
=
27)
4)
Mn2
aqueoussolution
?
3)MnO
ThemaximumoxidationstateshownbyV(Z=23),Cr(Z=24),Co(Z=27),Sc(Z=21)
are
respectively
2)Ni(Z
=
28)
3)Ti
<V<Cr<Mn:increasingmeltingpoints
4)Mn*
3)Zr",
Hf
4
1)Ti<
V<Cr<Mn
:
increasingnumbcr
of
oxidationstates
4)VCls
Ofthefollowingelementswhichisnotexpectedtodisplayanoxidationstateof+6inanyofits
compounds?
3)Mn
2)T'<y²<Cr
<
Mn:
increasingmagneticmoment
3)+5,+3,+2,+1
4)Ti<V<Mn<Cr:incrcasing2ndionizationcnthalpy
4)Cu'
Whichone
ofthefollowingdoesnotcorrectlyrepresentthecorectorderofthepropertyindicated
againstit?
themthestandardpotential(Eet)valuehas
a
positivesign?
4)La
3)Cu(Z=29)
4)+4ineachcase
4)Zn.HI4"
Foursuccessivemembersofthefirstseriesofthetransitionmetalsarelistedbelow.Forwhichoneof
4)W
4)Fe(Z=26)
Thecatalyticactivityoftransitionmetalsandtheircompoundsismainlydueto
36
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
1)theirmagneticbelhaviour
3)theirabilitytoadoptvariableoxidationstate
Whichofthefollowinghasthemaximumnumberofunpairedelectrons?
1)TI* 2)Fe
Whichofthefollowingspccicsis/areparamagnctic?
Fe',
Zn°,Hg',Ti
1)Fe
only
(a)2
2)Znand
Ti
A
compoundof
a
metalion
M
(Z=24)has
a
spinonlymagneticmomentofy15BohrMagnetons.
Thenumberofunpairedelectronsinthecompoundare
2)4
I)Itsoxidationstatechanges.
1)O;
From
a
solutionCuSO4,themetalusedtorecovercopperis
1)Na 2)Ag
3)Itscoordinationnumberchanges.
1)Dimer,monomer
TOPIC
2:Compounds
ofTransitionMetals
2)Cl;
3)Monomer,monomer
Anhydrouscobalt(I)chlorideisblueincolourbut
on
dissolvinginwateritchangestopinkincolour
because:
Whichofthefollowingisfalse?
3)
Cr
Whichofthefollowingcanbecmployedfortheconvcrsionofpotassiummanganatetopotassium
permanganate?
InvapourstateCu(NO:)2andCuz(CH;CO0)4.2H,Ocxist
as
:
2)Fe;C
3)
Fe
andHg?
3)Hg
2)theirunfilledd-orbitals
4)theirchemicalrcactivity
3)5
4)protonationofthemetalion.
)SO,
vo;,VO.TiO",Cro,
1)VO²*JVO;<
Ti0
<
Cro?
l)ZnCl, 2)HgCl, 3)Hg2Cl,
Mercuryistheonlymetalwhichisliquidat0°C.Thisisduetoits
:
1)Veryhighionisationenergyandweaklymetallicbond.
3)Highatomicweight.
3)CrO;<TiO*<Vo;
<VO²
3)Electrolysis
2)Itmagneticcharacterchanges.
2)VO,
4)Inwateritshowsfluorescence.
1)Moltenleadandzincaremiscible.2)Silverismoresolubleinmoltenzincthanlead.
3)Zinc-silveralloyisvolatile. 4)Zinc-silveralloyisheavierandgetssolidifiedlaterthanlead.
Whichofthefollowingisused
as
purgativeinmedicine?
2)Monomer,dimer
3)acidic,amphotericandbasic
4)Cu
4)Fe
4)Dimer,Dimer
4)ZnandHg*
1)evolutionofhydrogenthatchangestheoxidationstateofthemetalion.
Whichcompoundisformedwhenironreactswithcarbon?
1)FeC2
Theaqueoussolutionoftransitionmetalsaltchangescolourfrompinktoblue,whenconcentrated
hydrochloricacidisaddedtoit.Thechangeincolourisdueto
3)FeC3
3)formationof
a
coordinationcomplexofthemetalionwithhydrochloricacid.
2)changeinthecOordinationnumberofthemetalionfrom6to4andformationof
newspeciesin
solution.
4)FezC
Choosethecorrectincreasingorderoftheoxidationstateofthecentralmetalatominthefollowing
OX0anions.
2)Lowionisationpotential.
4)Highvapourpressure.
4)3
4)ZnSO4.7H,0
3)MnO?
4)All
2)VO²*
L
Tio*
<
Vo;
<
CrO;
4)
Ti²
<VO1vO,
<
CrO,
Theoxoanioninwhichtheoxidationstateofthecentralatomissameasitsgroupnumberinthe
periodictableis:
Theacidic,basicoramphotericnatureofMn,0,,V,O,andCrOarerespectively
1)acidic,acidicandbasic
4)Cr,0;
2)basic,amphotericandacidic
4)acidic,basicandamphoteric
37
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
1)theirmagneticbelhaviour
3)theirabilitytoadoptvariableoxidationstate
Whichofthefollowinghasthemaximumnumberofunpairedelectrons?
1)TI* 2)Fe
Whichofthefollowingspccicsis/areparamagnctic?
Fe',
Zn°,Hg',Ti
1)Fe
only
(a)2
2)Znand
Ti
A
compoundof
a
metalion
M
(Z=24)has
a
spinonlymagneticmomentofy15BohrMagnetons.
Thenumberofunpairedelectronsinthecompoundare
2)4
I)Itsoxidationstatechanges.
1)O;
From
a
solutionCuSO4,themetalusedtorecovercopperis
1)Na 2)Ag
3)Itscoordinationnumberchanges.
1)Dimer,monomer
TOPIC
2:Compounds
ofTransitionMetals
2)Cl;
3)Monomer,monomer
Anhydrouscobalt(I)chlorideisblueincolourbut
on
dissolvinginwateritchangestopinkincolour
because:
Whichofthefollowingisfalse?
3)
Cr
Whichofthefollowingcanbecmployedfortheconvcrsionofpotassiummanganatetopotassium
permanganate?
InvapourstateCu(NO:)2andCuz(CH;CO0)4.2H,Ocxist
as
:
2)Fe;C
3)
Fe
andHg?
3)Hg
2)theirunfilledd-orbitals
4)theirchemicalrcactivity
3)5
4)protonationofthemetalion.
)SO,
vo;,VO.TiO",Cro,
1)VO²*JVO;<
Ti0
<
Cro?
l)ZnCl, 2)HgCl, 3)Hg2Cl,
Mercuryistheonlymetalwhichisliquidat0°C.Thisisduetoits
:
1)Veryhighionisationenergyandweaklymetallicbond.
3)Highatomicweight.
3)CrO;<TiO*<Vo;
<VO²
3)Electrolysis
2)Itmagneticcharacterchanges.
2)VO,
4)Inwateritshowsfluorescence.
1)Moltenleadandzincaremiscible.2)Silverismoresolubleinmoltenzincthanlead.
3)Zinc-silveralloyisvolatile. 4)Zinc-silveralloyisheavierandgetssolidifiedlaterthanlead.
Whichofthefollowingisused
as
purgativeinmedicine?
2)Monomer,dimer
3)acidic,amphotericandbasic
4)Cu
4)Fe
4)Dimer,Dimer
4)ZnandHg*
1)evolutionofhydrogenthatchangestheoxidationstateofthemetalion.
Whichcompoundisformedwhenironreactswithcarbon?
1)FeC2
Theaqueoussolutionoftransitionmetalsaltchangescolourfrompinktoblue,whenconcentrated
hydrochloricacidisaddedtoit.Thechangeincolourisdueto
3)FeC3
3)formationof
a
coordinationcomplexofthemetalionwithhydrochloricacid.
2)changeinthecOordinationnumberofthemetalionfrom6to4andformationof
newspeciesin
solution.
4)FezC
Choosethecorrectincreasingorderoftheoxidationstateofthecentralmetalatominthefollowing
OX0anions.
2)Lowionisationpotential.
4)Highvapourpressure.
4)3
4)ZnSO4.7H,0
3)MnO?
4)All
2)VO²*
L
Tio*
<
Vo;
<
CrO;
4)
Ti²
<VO1vO,
<
CrO,
Theoxoanioninwhichtheoxidationstateofthecentralatomissameasitsgroupnumberinthe
periodictableis:
Theacidic,basicoramphotericnatureofMn,0,,V,O,andCrOarerespectively
1)acidic,acidicandbasic
4)Cr,0;
2)basic,amphotericandacidic
4)acidic,basicandamphoteric
37
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
WhenconcentratedHClisaddedtoanaqueoussolutionofCoCl2,itscolourchangesfromreddishpink
todecpblue.Whichcomplexiongivesbluccolourinthisrcaction?
1)[CoCI,
Colourlesssolutionsofthefollowingfoursaltsareplacedseparatelyinfourdifferenttesttubesand
a
stripofcopperisdippcdincachone
ofthcse.Whichsolutionwillturnblue?
1)KNO, 2)AgNO, 3)Zn(NO3)2
WhichofthefollowingoxidesofCrisamphoteric
1)CrO2
2)Cr;03
1)CrO,
KCr;0,
on
heatingwithaqueousNaOHgives
4)CrO3
Amongthefollowing,thecompoundthatisbothparamagneticandcoloured,is
1)KMnO, 2)CuF, 3)K,CraO7
1)Cr,0andH,0
areformed
3)CrOisoxidizedto+7stateofCr
I)+3
2)[CoCla]
2)Cr(OH).
Whatwouldhappenwhen
a
solutionofpotassiumchromateistreatedwithanexcessofdilutenitric
acid?
I)KOH
1)hydrogenperoxide
3)peroxydisulphate
TheoxidationstateofchromiuminthefinalproductformedbythereactionbetweenKlandacidified
potassiumdichromatesolutionis:
2)
+2
1)pyrolusite
3)[CoCl6]
Matchthecolumns
Column-I
3)CrOs
MOtypeoxide.
Thefinalproductsformed
on
theadditionofKItocoppersulphatesolutionare
:
l)KSO4,Cul,andI,2)K,SO4,Cusl,andI,
2)CO,
covalentoxide.
3)Cr,0;
1)Metalofthe3d-series
whichdoesnotform
KMnO4(acidic/alkaline)isnotdecolourisedby
1)mohrsalt 2)oxalicacid 4)propcnc
AcidifiedK,Cr;0,solutionturnsgreenwhenNa,SO;isaddedtoit.Thisisduetotheformationof
:
1)Cr2(S04)3 2)CrO
Thercaction
cangotocompletionbyremovingOHionsbyadding.
2)Metalofthe3d-series
whichformsmost
3)Cr,(SO),4)CrSO4
KMnO4canbepreparcdfromKMnO4
asperthcreaction:
3MnO+2H,0J2Mn0
+MnO,+
40H
3)Metalofthe3d-series
whichformsthe
amphotericoxide.
3)+6
1)A-(p),B-(),C-
(4)
3)
A-
(r),B-(q),C-
(p)
2)Croisreducedto+3stateof
cr
4)Cr*andCr,0
areformed
ThestartingmaterialforthemanufactureofKMnO4is
2)manganite
3)benzene
Inthelaboratory,manganese(II)saltisoxidisedtopermanganateioninaqueoussolutionby
2)conc.nitricacid
3)KSO,andCu204)KzSO4,CuOandI,
3)SO,
4)[Co(H,0)6
4)dichromate
4)ZnSO,
4)Cr(OH),
4)Allarecoloured
4)+4
Column-II
(P)Manganese
3)magnatite4)hacmatite
(q)Vanadium
(r)Scandium
Whichone
ofthefollowingisan
amphotericoxide?
(i)Mn,0,(ii)CrO(ii)V,Oa(iv)Cr;O3
1)(i)and(ii) 2)(ii),(ii)and(iv)
2)
3)(iii)and(iv)
4)HCI
A-
().,B-
(p),C-()
4)A-(g),B-
(p),C-(r)
4)(ii)and(iv)
38
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
WhenconcentratedHClisaddedtoanaqueoussolutionofCoCl2,itscolourchangesfromreddishpink
todecpblue.Whichcomplexiongivesbluccolourinthisrcaction?
1)[CoCI,
Colourlesssolutionsofthefollowingfoursaltsareplacedseparatelyinfourdifferenttesttubesand
a
stripofcopperisdippcdincachone
ofthcse.Whichsolutionwillturnblue?
1)KNO, 2)AgNO, 3)Zn(NO3)2
WhichofthefollowingoxidesofCrisamphoteric
1)CrO2
2)Cr;03
1)CrO,
KCr;0,
on
heatingwithaqueousNaOHgives
4)CrO3
Amongthefollowing,thecompoundthatisbothparamagneticandcoloured,is
1)KMnO, 2)CuF, 3)K,CraO7
1)Cr,0andH,0
areformed
3)CrOisoxidizedto+7stateofCr
I)+3
2)[CoCla]
2)Cr(OH).
Whatwouldhappenwhen
a
solutionofpotassiumchromateistreatedwithanexcessofdilutenitric
acid?
I)KOH
1)hydrogenperoxide
3)peroxydisulphate
TheoxidationstateofchromiuminthefinalproductformedbythereactionbetweenKlandacidified
potassiumdichromatesolutionis:
2)
+2
1)pyrolusite
3)[CoCl6]
Matchthecolumns
Column-I
3)CrOs
MOtypeoxide.
Thefinalproductsformed
on
theadditionofKItocoppersulphatesolutionare
:
l)KSO4,Cul,andI,2)K,SO4,Cusl,andI,
2)CO,
covalentoxide.
3)Cr,0;
1)Metalofthe3d-series
whichdoesnotform
KMnO4(acidic/alkaline)isnotdecolourisedby
1)mohrsalt 2)oxalicacid 4)propcnc
AcidifiedK,Cr;0,solutionturnsgreenwhenNa,SO;isaddedtoit.Thisisduetotheformationof
:
1)Cr2(S04)3 2)CrO
Thercaction
cangotocompletionbyremovingOHionsbyadding.
2)Metalofthe3d-series
whichformsmost
3)Cr,(SO),4)CrSO4
KMnO4canbepreparcdfromKMnO4
asperthcreaction:
3MnO+2H,0J2Mn0
+MnO,+
40H
3)Metalofthe3d-series
whichformsthe
amphotericoxide.
3)+6
1)A-(p),B-(),C-
(4)
3)
A-
(r),B-(q),C-
(p)
2)Croisreducedto+3stateof
cr
4)Cr*andCr,0
areformed
ThestartingmaterialforthemanufactureofKMnO4is
2)manganite
3)benzene
Inthelaboratory,manganese(II)saltisoxidisedtopermanganateioninaqueoussolutionby
2)conc.nitricacid
3)KSO,andCu204)KzSO4,CuOandI,
3)SO,
4)[Co(H,0)6
4)dichromate
4)ZnSO,
4)Cr(OH),
4)Allarecoloured
4)+4
Column-II
(P)Manganese
3)magnatite4)hacmatite
(q)Vanadium
(r)Scandium
Whichone
ofthefollowingisan
amphotericoxide?
(i)Mn,0,(ii)CrO(ii)V,Oa(iv)Cr;O3
1)(i)and(ii) 2)(ii),(ii)and(iv)
2)
3)(iii)and(iv)
4)HCI
A-
().,B-
(p),C-()
4)A-(g),B-
(p),C-(r)
4)(ii)and(iv)
38
48.
49
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60
61.
62.
63.
64.
65.
Dichromate|Cr(VI)
]isastrongoxidizingagentwhereasMo(VI)andW(VI)
are
foundtobenot.Thisis
ducto
1)Lanthanoidcontraction
3)Downthegroupmetalliccharacterdecreases
WhichofthefollowingconversionscanbecarricdoutbybothacidificdK,Cr;04andacidificd
KMnO,?
(i)FeFe
+e
1)(i)and(iii)
Whichionisnotcoloured?
1)Ni(DMG)2
Theradius
ofLa
radius
ofLu
1)160pm
1)3
1)Eu
2)[Co(SCN).J
(ii)I
2)(i)and(iv)
2)4
Whatisthepercentageoflanthanoidmetalinmischmetall?
1)90% 2)20% 3)5%
Amongthelanthanoids,theoneobtainedbysyntheticmethodis
1)Lu 2)Pm
2)140pm 3)106pm 4)85pm
Whichofthefollowingoxidationstatesisthemostcommonanongthelanthanoids?
1)uranium
2)La
(Z=57)is106pm.
Whichoncofthefollowinggivenvalueswillbecloscsttothc
(Z=71)?
TOPIC3:
LanthanoidsandActinoids
3)Pr
2)Poorershieldingof5delectronsby4felectrons
Theheaviestatomamongstthefollowingis
3)(Fe(H;0),SCNP*
2)Downthegroupmetalliccharacterincreases
4)Both1)and2)
3)2
2)radium
()ithasvariableionisationenthalpy
2)Cu
(ii)II,
Whichone
ofthefollowingclementsshowsmaximumnnumberofdifferentoxidationstatesinits
compounds?
3)(i),(ii)and(iv)
3)Gd
4)Poorshicldingofoneof4felectronbyanotherintheSubshell
1)CuandAl2)CuandSn
Brassisanalloyof
3)Effectiveshieldingof
oneof4felectronsbyanotherinthesubshell
Whichofthefollowingfactorsmayberegardedasthemain
cause
oflanthanoidcontraction?
1)Greatershieldingof5delectronsby4felectrons
3)lead
(ii)ithasatendencytoattainfOconfiguration
(iv)itresembles
P
3)50
(ii)ithas
a
tendencytoattainnoblegasconfiguration
4)Gd
4)5
4)95%
Although+
3
isthecharacteristicoxidationstateforlanthanoidsbutceriumalsoshows+4oxidation
statebecause
3)Cu,ZnandSn
1)ZnandSn2)ZnandCu 3)Cu,ZnandSn
Whichone
ofthefollowingiscoinagemetal?
4)Am
(iv)H,SS
1)ThecommonoxidationstatesofCeare+3and+4.
4)(i),(ü)and(iii)
1)(ii)and(iii) 2)(i)and(iv) 3)(ii)and(iv)4)(i),(ii)and(ii)
Whichofthefollowingexhibitonly+3oxidationstate?
1)U 2)Th 3)Ac
Whichofthefollowingistheuse
ofmischmetall
?
1)Inbullets2)Inlighterflint3)Ascatalystinpetroleumcracking
Theapproximatepercentageofironinmischmetalis
1)10 2)20
Gunmetalisanalloyof
4)[Al(OH)1T
4)mercury
4)5
4)Pb.
4)Pa
4)Cu,ZnandNi
4)CuandSn
4)Both1)and2)
1)Zn 3)Sn
Cerium(Z=58)isanimportantmemberoflanthanides.Whichofthefollowingstatementsabout
ceriumisnotcorrect?
39
49
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60
61.
62.
63.
64.
65.
Dichromate|Cr(VI)
]isastrongoxidizingagentwhereasMo(VI)andW(VI)
are
foundtobenot.Thisis
ducto
1)Lanthanoidcontraction
3)Downthegroupmetalliccharacterdecreases
WhichofthefollowingconversionscanbecarricdoutbybothacidificdK,Cr;04andacidificd
KMnO,?
(i)FeFe
+e
1)(i)and(iii)
Whichionisnotcoloured?
1)Ni(DMG)2
Theradius
ofLa
radius
ofLu
1)160pm
1)3
1)Eu
2)[Co(SCN).J
(ii)I
2)(i)and(iv)
2)4
Whatisthepercentageoflanthanoidmetalinmischmetall?
1)90% 2)20% 3)5%
Amongthelanthanoids,theoneobtainedbysyntheticmethodis
1)Lu 2)Pm
2)140pm 3)106pm 4)85pm
Whichofthefollowingoxidationstatesisthemostcommonanongthelanthanoids?
1)uranium
2)La
(Z=57)is106pm.
Whichoncofthefollowinggivenvalueswillbecloscsttothc
(Z=71)?
TOPIC3:
LanthanoidsandActinoids
3)Pr
2)Poorershieldingof5delectronsby4felectrons
Theheaviestatomamongstthefollowingis
3)(Fe(H;0),SCNP*
2)Downthegroupmetalliccharacterincreases
4)Both1)and2)
3)2
2)radium
()ithasvariableionisationenthalpy
2)Cu
(ii)II,
Whichone
ofthefollowingclementsshowsmaximumnnumberofdifferentoxidationstatesinits
compounds?
3)(i),(ii)and(iv)
3)Gd
4)Poorshicldingofoneof4felectronbyanotherintheSubshell
1)CuandAl2)CuandSn
Brassisanalloyof
3)Effectiveshieldingof
oneof4felectronsbyanotherinthesubshell
Whichofthefollowingfactorsmayberegardedasthemain
cause
oflanthanoidcontraction?
1)Greatershieldingof5delectronsby4felectrons
3)lead
(ii)ithasatendencytoattainfOconfiguration
(iv)itresembles
P
3)50
(ii)ithas
a
tendencytoattainnoblegasconfiguration
4)Gd
4)5
4)95%
Although+
3
isthecharacteristicoxidationstateforlanthanoidsbutceriumalsoshows+4oxidation
statebecause
3)Cu,ZnandSn
1)ZnandSn2)ZnandCu 3)Cu,ZnandSn
Whichone
ofthefollowingiscoinagemetal?
4)Am
(iv)H,SS
1)ThecommonoxidationstatesofCeare+3and+4.
4)(i),(ü)and(iii)
1)(ii)and(iii) 2)(i)and(iv) 3)(ii)and(iv)4)(i),(ii)and(ii)
Whichofthefollowingexhibitonly+3oxidationstate?
1)U 2)Th 3)Ac
Whichofthefollowingistheuse
ofmischmetall
?
1)Inbullets2)Inlighterflint3)Ascatalystinpetroleumcracking
Theapproximatepercentageofironinmischmetalis
1)10 2)20
Gunmetalisanalloyof
4)[Al(OH)1T
4)mercury
4)5
4)Pb.
4)Pa
4)Cu,ZnandNi
4)CuandSn
4)Both1)and2)
1)Zn 3)Sn
Cerium(Z=58)isanimportantmemberoflanthanides.Whichofthefollowingstatementsabout
ceriumisnotcorrect?
39
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
1.
2)
3
4.
5.
6.
2)+3oxidationstateismorestablethan+4oxidationstate.
3)+4oxidationstateisnotknowninsolution.
4)Ce(IV)actsasanoxidisingagent.
Non-lanthanoidatomis
1)La 3)Pr
Whichofthefollowinglanthanoidionsisdiamagnetic?
(At
nos.
Ce
=
58,Sm
=
62,Eu=63,Yb
=
70)
1)Sm* 2)Eu* 3)Yb2+
Lanthanoidcontractioncanbeobservedin
1)At 2)Gd
The+3ionofwhichoncofthefollowinghashalffilled4fsubshell?
1)La 2)Lu
Whichone
ofthefollowingstatementsconcerningLanthanoidselementsisfalse?
1)Lanthanoids
are
separatedfromoneanotherbyionexchangemethods
4)MosttypicaloxidationofLanthanoidsis+3
ColumnI
(A)Co
(B)C
2)TheionicradiioftrivalentLanthanoidssteadilyincreasewithincreaseinatomicnumber
3)AllLanthanoidsarehighlydensemetals
(D)
N
(A)B)
(a)v)(v)
2)Lu
Whichonc
ofthefollowingionsexhibitsd-dtransitionandparamagnctism
as
well?
1)Cro;
(c)1)
(a)(iv)
()
(v)
MatchthemetalionsgiveninColumnIwiththespinmagneticmomentsoftheionsgiveninColumnII
andassignthecorrectcode
(v
NEETPREVIOUSYEARSQUESTIONS
2)Cr,0
ColumnII
3)SO,isreduced.
V8BM
J35BM
3)Ac
3
BM
V24BM
S15BM
(D)
3)Gd
(IV)
(11)
4)
Co?
4)Lw
2)NO2
1)Thesolutionturnsblue.
4)Pm
4)Ac
3)MnO
Namethegas
that
can
readilydecolouriseacidifiedKMnO4solution:
1)SO; 3)P,Os 4)CO2
HgCl;andI2bothwhendissolvedinwatercontainingIionsthepairofspeciesformedis:
1)Hgl,,I
2)Hgl;,1, 3)Hg,l,,
I
4)Hgl,,l;
Thereasonforgreaterrange
ofoxidationstatesinactinoidsisattributedto
:
1)Actinoidcontraction.
4)MnO
3)4fand5dlevelsbeingcloseinenergies.
Whichone
ofthefollowingstatementsiscorectwhenSO,ispassedthroughacidifiedK,Cr0,
solution?
2)5f.6dand7slevclshavingcomparablecncrgics.
4)Theradioactivenatureofactinoids.
2)Thesolutionisdecolourized.
4)GreenCr2(SO4)3isformed.
[2018]
40
[2018]
[2017]
[2017]
[2017]
[2016]
67.
68.
69.
70.
1.
2)
3
4.
5.
6.
2)+3oxidationstateismorestablethan+4oxidationstate.
3)+4oxidationstateisnotknowninsolution.
4)Ce(IV)actsasanoxidisingagent.
Non-lanthanoidatomis
1)La 3)Pr
Whichofthefollowinglanthanoidionsisdiamagnetic?
(At
nos.
Ce
=
58,Sm
=
62,Eu=63,Yb
=
70)
1)Sm* 2)Eu* 3)Yb2+
Lanthanoidcontractioncanbeobservedin
1)At 2)Gd
The+3ionofwhichoncofthefollowinghashalffilled4fsubshell?
1)La 2)Lu
Whichone
ofthefollowingstatementsconcerningLanthanoidselementsisfalse?
1)Lanthanoids
are
separatedfromoneanotherbyionexchangemethods
4)MosttypicaloxidationofLanthanoidsis+3
ColumnI
(A)Co
(B)C
2)TheionicradiioftrivalentLanthanoidssteadilyincreasewithincreaseinatomicnumber
3)AllLanthanoidsarehighlydensemetals
(D)
N
(A)B)
(a)v)(v)
2)Lu
Whichonc
ofthefollowingionsexhibitsd-dtransitionandparamagnctism
as
well?
1)Cro;
(c)1)
(a)(iv)
()
(v)
MatchthemetalionsgiveninColumnIwiththespinmagneticmomentsoftheionsgiveninColumnII
andassignthecorrectcode
(v
NEETPREVIOUSYEARSQUESTIONS
2)Cr,0
ColumnII
3)SO,isreduced.
V8BM
J35BM
3)Ac
3
BM
V24BM
S15BM
(D)
3)Gd
(IV)
(11)
4)
Co?
4)Lw
2)NO2
1)Thesolutionturnsblue.
4)Pm
4)Ac
3)MnO
Namethegas
that
can
readilydecolouriseacidifiedKMnO4solution:
1)SO; 3)P,Os 4)CO2
HgCl;andI2bothwhendissolvedinwatercontainingIionsthepairofspeciesformedis:
1)Hgl,,I
2)Hgl;,1, 3)Hg,l,,
I
4)Hgl,,l;
Thereasonforgreaterrange
ofoxidationstatesinactinoidsisattributedto
:
1)Actinoidcontraction.
4)MnO
3)4fand5dlevelsbeingcloseinenergies.
Whichone
ofthefollowingstatementsiscorectwhenSO,ispassedthroughacidifiedK,Cr0,
solution?
2)5f.6dand7slevclshavingcomparablecncrgics.
4)Theradioactivenatureofactinoids.
2)Thesolutionisdecolourized.
4)GreenCr2(SO4)3isformed.
[2018]
40
[2018]
[2017]
[2017]
[2017]
[2016]
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17
18
TheelectronicconfigurationsofEu(AtomicNo.63),Gd(AtomicNo.64)andTb(AtomicNo.65)are
[2016]
1)|Xej4r'6s,|Xej4r6s'and[Xe4fsd'6s 2)(Xej4f5d'6s,(Xel4f5d'6s
and[XeJ4f6s
3)[Xej4f°Sd'6s*,(Xe]4f'5d'6s*and[Xc]4f°sd'6s*4)[Xc]4f'6s',[Xc|4f'sd'6s*and[Xej4f6s
Gadoliniumbelongsto4fseries.It'satomicnumberis64.Whichofthefollowingisthecorrect
electronicconfigurationofgadolinium?
1)
[Xel4f6d2)[Xe]4°5s'
Whichofthefollowingprocessesdoesnotinvolveoxidationofiron?
1)
DecolourizationofblueCuSO4solutionbyiron.
2)FormationofFc(CO)sfromFe.
3)LiberationofH2fromsteambyironathightemperature.
4)Rustingofironsheets.
Becauseoflanthanoidcontraction,whichofthefollowingpairsofelementshavencarlysameatomic
radii?(Numbersintheparenthesisareatomicnumbers).
1)Zr(40)andNb(41) 2)Zr(40)andHf(72)3)Zr(40)andTa(73)
ThereactionofaqueousKMnO4withH;0,inacidicconditionsgives:
l)
MnandO; 2)Mnand
O
3)MnandO3
Magneticmoment2.83BMisgivenbywhichofthefollowingions?
(At.nos.
Ti=22.Cr
=
24,Mn
=
25,Ni
=28):
)
T;31
Reasonoflanthanoidcontractionis:
2)Ni
1)Negligiblescreeningeffectofforbitals.
3)Decrcasingnuclcarcharge.
3)[(Xe|4f'sa'6s4)[Xe]4r5d6s
(1)I2 (2)IO, (3)I0,
Identifytheincorrectstatementfromthefollowing:
Themanganateandpermanganateionsaretetrahedral,dueto
(1)Thep.bondinginvolvesoverlapofp.orbitalsof
oxygen
withd.orbitalsofmanganese
(2)Thereisnop.bonding
(3)Thep.bondinginvolvesoverlapofp.orbitalsofoxygenwithp.orbitalsofmanaganese
(4)Thep.bondinginvolvesoverlapofd.orbitalsof
oxygenwithd.orbitalsofmanganese
(2)Lanthanoidsrevealonly+3oxidationstate.
Aspects
3)
Cr
2)Increasingnuclearcharge.
(3)Thelanthanoidionsotherthanthef0typeandtheftypeareallparamagnetic.
4)Decreasingscrecningeffect.
WhenneutralorfaintlyalkalineKMn04istreatedwithpotassiumiodide,iodideionisconvertedinto
X.'X'is
Matchthefollowingaspectswiththerespectivemetal.
Selectthecorrectoption
(a)Themetalwhichrevealsamaximumnumberofoxidationstates
(1)(a)-(i)(b)-(iv)(c)-(i)(d)-(ii)
(4)Theoveralldccrcaseinatomicandionicradiifromlanthanumtolutetiumiscalled
lanthanoidcontraction.
(3)(a)-(ii)(b)-(i)(c)-(iv)(d)-(ii)
[2015]
4)Ti(22)andZr(40)
(4)IO
4)Mn
(d)Themnetalwhichin+1oxidationstateinaqueoussolutionundergoes
disproportionation
2)CuSO4
4)
Mn
andMnO2
(1)ZirconiumandHafniumhaveidenticalradiiof160pmand159pm,respectively
asaconsequenceof
lanthanoidcontraction.
(b)Themetalalthoughplacedin3dblockisconsiderednotasatransitionelement(ii)Copper
(c)Themetalwhichdoesnotexhibitvariableoxidationstates
[2015]
[2015]
Metal
[2014]
(i)Scandium
(2)(a)-(iii)(b)-(iv)(c)-(i)(d)-(ii)
(4)(a)-(ii)(b)-(iv)(c)-(i)(d}-(iüi)
[2014]
[2019-0DISSA]
[2014]
[2020-Covid-19]
[2020-Covid-19]
4)Cu(OH)2
[2019]
41
(iii)Manganese
(iv)Zinc
UreareactswithwatertoformAwhichwilldecomposetoformB.BwhenpassedthroughCu(aq).
deepbluecoloursolution
C
isformed.WhatistheformulaofCfromthefollowing?.
1)CuCO;Cu(OH)2
3)[Cu(NH:)4
[2020]
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17
18
TheelectronicconfigurationsofEu(AtomicNo.63),Gd(AtomicNo.64)andTb(AtomicNo.65)are
[2016]
1)|Xej4r'6s,|Xej4r6s'and[Xe4fsd'6s 2)(Xej4f5d'6s,(Xel4f5d'6s
and[XeJ4f6s
3)[Xej4f°Sd'6s*,(Xe]4f'5d'6s*and[Xc]4f°sd'6s*4)[Xc]4f'6s',[Xc|4f'sd'6s*and[Xej4f6s
Gadoliniumbelongsto4fseries.It'satomicnumberis64.Whichofthefollowingisthecorrect
electronicconfigurationofgadolinium?
1)
[Xel4f6d2)[Xe]4°5s'
Whichofthefollowingprocessesdoesnotinvolveoxidationofiron?
1)
DecolourizationofblueCuSO4solutionbyiron.
2)FormationofFc(CO)sfromFe.
3)LiberationofH2fromsteambyironathightemperature.
4)Rustingofironsheets.
Becauseoflanthanoidcontraction,whichofthefollowingpairsofelementshavencarlysameatomic
radii?(Numbersintheparenthesisareatomicnumbers).
1)Zr(40)andNb(41) 2)Zr(40)andHf(72)3)Zr(40)andTa(73)
ThereactionofaqueousKMnO4withH;0,inacidicconditionsgives:
l)
MnandO; 2)Mnand
O
3)MnandO3
Magneticmoment2.83BMisgivenbywhichofthefollowingions?
(At.nos.
Ti=22.Cr
=
24,Mn
=
25,Ni
=28):
)
T;31
Reasonoflanthanoidcontractionis:
2)Ni
1)Negligiblescreeningeffectofforbitals.
3)Decrcasingnuclcarcharge.
3)[(Xe|4f'sa'6s4)[Xe]4r5d6s
(1)I2 (2)IO, (3)I0,
Identifytheincorrectstatementfromthefollowing:
Themanganateandpermanganateionsaretetrahedral,dueto
(1)Thep.bondinginvolvesoverlapofp.orbitalsof
oxygen
withd.orbitalsofmanganese
(2)Thereisnop.bonding
(3)Thep.bondinginvolvesoverlapofp.orbitalsofoxygenwithp.orbitalsofmanaganese
(4)Thep.bondinginvolvesoverlapofd.orbitalsof
oxygenwithd.orbitalsofmanganese
(2)Lanthanoidsrevealonly+3oxidationstate.
Aspects
3)
Cr
2)Increasingnuclearcharge.
(3)Thelanthanoidionsotherthanthef0typeandtheftypeareallparamagnetic.
4)Decreasingscrecningeffect.
WhenneutralorfaintlyalkalineKMn04istreatedwithpotassiumiodide,iodideionisconvertedinto
X.'X'is
Matchthefollowingaspectswiththerespectivemetal.
Selectthecorrectoption
(a)Themetalwhichrevealsamaximumnumberofoxidationstates
(1)(a)-(i)(b)-(iv)(c)-(i)(d)-(ii)
(4)Theoveralldccrcaseinatomicandionicradiifromlanthanumtolutetiumiscalled
lanthanoidcontraction.
(3)(a)-(ii)(b)-(i)(c)-(iv)(d)-(ii)
[2015]
4)Ti(22)andZr(40)
(4)IO
4)Mn
(d)Themnetalwhichin+1oxidationstateinaqueoussolutionundergoes
disproportionation
2)CuSO4
4)
Mn
andMnO2
(1)ZirconiumandHafniumhaveidenticalradiiof160pmand159pm,respectively
asaconsequenceof
lanthanoidcontraction.
(b)Themetalalthoughplacedin3dblockisconsiderednotasatransitionelement(ii)Copper
(c)Themetalwhichdoesnotexhibitvariableoxidationstates
[2015]
[2015]
Metal
[2014]
(i)Scandium
(2)(a)-(iii)(b)-(iv)(c)-(i)(d)-(ii)
(4)(a)-(ii)(b)-(iv)(c)-(i)(d}-(iüi)
[2014]
[2019-0DISSA]
[2014]
[2020-Covid-19]
[2020-Covid-19]
4)Cu(OH)2
[2019]
41
(iii)Manganese
(iv)Zinc
UreareactswithwatertoformAwhichwilldecomposetoformB.BwhenpassedthroughCu(aq).
deepbluecoloursolution
C
isformed.WhatistheformulaofCfromthefollowing?.
1)CuCO;Cu(OH)2
3)[Cu(NH:)4
[2020]
19
20
21.
22.
Identifytheincorrectstatement.
1)TheoxidationstatesofchromiuminCrOandCr,0
arenotthesame
2)Cr²(d'}
isastrongerreducingagentthanFe(d)
inwater
3)Thetransitionmetalsandtheircompoundsareknownfortheircatalyticactivityduetotheirabilityto
adoptmultipleoxidationstatesandtoformcomplexes
4)InterstitialcompoundsarethosethatareformedwhensmallatomslikeH,CorNaretrappedinsidethe
crystallatticesofmetals
Theincorrectstatementamongthefollowingis
2021]
1)MostofthetrivalentLanthanoidionsarecolorlessinthesolidstate
2)Lanthanoids
aregoodconductorsofheatandelectricity
3)Actinoidsarehighlyrcactivemetals,especiallywhenfinclydivided
4)ActinoidcontractionisgreaterforelementtoelementthanLanthanoidcontraction
Gadoliniumhas
a
lowvalueofthirdionizationenthalpybccauseof
1)smallsize
3)highelectronegativity
1)+7to+4
2)highexchangeenthalpy
2)+6to+4
4)highbasiccharacter
[2020]
Intheneutralorfaintlyalkalinemedium,KMnO40xidisesiodideintoiodate.Thechangein
oxidationstateofmanganeseinthisreactionisfrom
3)+7to+3 4)+6to+5
[NEET
[NEET-2022]
[NEET-2022]
42
20
21.
22.
Identifytheincorrectstatement.
1)TheoxidationstatesofchromiuminCrOandCr,0
arenotthesame
2)Cr²(d'}
isastrongerreducingagentthanFe(d)
inwater
3)Thetransitionmetalsandtheircompoundsareknownfortheircatalyticactivityduetotheirabilityto
adoptmultipleoxidationstatesandtoformcomplexes
4)InterstitialcompoundsarethosethatareformedwhensmallatomslikeH,CorNaretrappedinsidethe
crystallatticesofmetals
Theincorrectstatementamongthefollowingis
2021]
1)MostofthetrivalentLanthanoidionsarecolorlessinthesolidstate
2)Lanthanoids
aregoodconductorsofheatandelectricity
3)Actinoidsarehighlyrcactivemetals,especiallywhenfinclydivided
4)ActinoidcontractionisgreaterforelementtoelementthanLanthanoidcontraction
Gadoliniumhas
a
lowvalueofthirdionizationenthalpybccauseof
1)smallsize
3)highelectronegativity
1)+7to+4
2)highexchangeenthalpy
2)+6to+4
4)highbasiccharacter
[2020]
Intheneutralorfaintlyalkalinemedium,KMnO40xidisesiodideintoiodate.Thechangein
oxidationstateofmanganeseinthisreactionisfrom
3)+7to+3 4)+6to+5
[NEET
[NEET-2022]
[NEET-2022]
42
1)3
11)
1
21)4
31)4
41)3
51)4
61)4
1)3
11)2
21)2
(2.)
(5.)
(6.)
(7.)
(8.)
(9.)
2)4
12)
1
22)3
32)3
42)
1
52)
1
62)3
2)
1
(C)
12)2
22)
1
(1.)a
(6.)
NCERTLINEBYLINEQUESTIONS-
ANSWERS
(11.)d
(16.)d
(21.)b
(26.)a
(31.)d
(36.)c
(41.)b
(46.)d
3)3
13)3
23)4
33)
1
Eu:[Xe]4f"
43)2
Gd:[Xe]4r"
53)4
La:[Xe]4F"
63)2
3)
1
(2.)C
13)
1
(7.)d
(12.)a
(17.)d
(22.)d
(27.)c
(32.)b
(37.)a
(42.)
(47.)c
4)3
stablethanCu(I).
14)
1
24)2
34)2
44)
3
54)2
64)2
4)2
14)
1
5)
1
15)3
(a)Promethium(Pm)isradioactive.
25)4
35)
1
45)
1
TOPICWISEPRACTICEQUESTIONS
-
ANSWERS
55)4
65)3
SFe+
Mn0,
+8H
Mn+
4H,0+5Fe*
5S+2MnO,+16H'
2Mn+8H,0+5S
5)2
15)3
(3.)d
(8.)d
(13.)a
(18.)b
(23.)d
(28.)c
(d)Allthegivenstatementsarecorrect.
(33.)c
(38.)d
(43.)a
(48.)
6)
1
16)3
26)3
36)2
46)2
56)2
SNO,
+2MnO,+6H
2Mn+5NO,
+
3H,0
66)
1
6)4
16)2
(19.)c
(24.)d
(29.)c
(34.)
57)
|
(4.)a
(39.)b
(44.)d
7)4
NEETPREVIOUSYEARSQUESTIONS-ANSWERS
(9.)d
17)3
(14.)c
(49.)a
27)
1
37)
1
47)3
67)3
7)4
17)2
NCERTLINEBYLINEOUESTIONS
–
SOLUTIONS
8)4
18)3
(d)6KCI+K,Cr,0,+7H,SO,
4K,SO,
+Cr,(SO,),+3C1,+7H,0
28)2
38)
1
48)2
58)
1
68)2
8)3
18)3
(5.)b
(10.)b
(15.)d
(20.)a
(11.)(d)Thehighestoxidationstateofosmiumis+8anditis
a5d
-
blockclement.
(12.)(a)
(25.)d
(30.)d
(35.)
(40.)
(45.)
(50.)d
9)2
19)
1
29)2
39)
1
49)
3
59)3
(d)Ductoinvolvemcntofd-clectronsinmctallicbondingcopperhashighermeltingpoint.
69)3
9)2
19)
1
10)
1
(b)Theclemcntsofgroup11arestillworthyofbeingcallcdthecoinagemetals,althoughAgandAu
arerestrictedtocollectionitemsandthecontemporaryUK"copper"coinsarecoppercoatedsteel.The
'silver'UKcoinsareaCu
/Ni
alloy.
20)4
30)2
40)2
50)4
60)4
70)2
10)2
20)
1
(10.)(b)TheelectronicconfigurationofCu(Il)is3d'whereasthatofCu(1)is3d"butCu(II)ismore
43
11)
1
21)4
31)4
41)3
51)4
61)4
1)3
11)2
21)2
(2.)
(5.)
(6.)
(7.)
(8.)
(9.)
2)4
12)
1
22)3
32)3
42)
1
52)
1
62)3
2)
1
(C)
12)2
22)
1
(1.)a
(6.)
NCERTLINEBYLINEQUESTIONS-
ANSWERS
(11.)d
(16.)d
(21.)b
(26.)a
(31.)d
(36.)c
(41.)b
(46.)d
3)3
13)3
23)4
33)
1
Eu:[Xe]4f"
43)2
Gd:[Xe]4r"
53)4
La:[Xe]4F"
63)2
3)
1
(2.)C
13)
1
(7.)d
(12.)a
(17.)d
(22.)d
(27.)c
(32.)b
(37.)a
(42.)
(47.)c
4)3
stablethanCu(I).
14)
1
24)2
34)2
44)
3
54)2
64)2
4)2
14)
1
5)
1
15)3
(a)Promethium(Pm)isradioactive.
25)4
35)
1
45)
1
TOPICWISEPRACTICEQUESTIONS
-
ANSWERS
55)4
65)3
SFe+
Mn0,
+8H
Mn+
4H,0+5Fe*
5S+2MnO,+16H'
2Mn+8H,0+5S
5)2
15)3
(3.)d
(8.)d
(13.)a
(18.)b
(23.)d
(28.)c
(d)Allthegivenstatementsarecorrect.
(33.)c
(38.)d
(43.)a
(48.)
6)
1
16)3
26)3
36)2
46)2
56)2
SNO,
+2MnO,+6H
2Mn+5NO,
+
3H,0
66)
1
6)4
16)2
(19.)c
(24.)d
(29.)c
(34.)
57)
|
(4.)a
(39.)b
(44.)d
7)4
NEETPREVIOUSYEARSQUESTIONS-ANSWERS
(9.)d
17)3
(14.)c
(49.)a
27)
1
37)
1
47)3
67)3
7)4
17)2
NCERTLINEBYLINEOUESTIONS
–
SOLUTIONS
8)4
18)3
(d)6KCI+K,Cr,0,+7H,SO,
4K,SO,
+Cr,(SO,),+3C1,+7H,0
28)2
38)
1
48)2
58)
1
68)2
8)3
18)3
(5.)b
(10.)b
(15.)d
(20.)a
(11.)(d)Thehighestoxidationstateofosmiumis+8anditis
a5d
-
blockclement.
(12.)(a)
(25.)d
(30.)d
(35.)
(40.)
(45.)
(50.)d
9)2
19)
1
29)2
39)
1
49)
3
59)3
(d)Ductoinvolvemcntofd-clectronsinmctallicbondingcopperhashighermeltingpoint.
69)3
9)2
19)
1
10)
1
(b)Theclemcntsofgroup11arestillworthyofbeingcallcdthecoinagemetals,althoughAgandAu
arerestrictedtocollectionitemsandthecontemporaryUK"copper"coinsarecoppercoatedsteel.The
'silver'UKcoinsareaCu
/Ni
alloy.
20)4
30)2
40)2
50)4
60)4
70)2
10)2
20)
1
(10.)(b)TheelectronicconfigurationofCu(Il)is3d'whereasthatofCu(1)is3d"butCu(II)ismore
43
(15.)
(16.)(d)Allthethreegiventermsareresponsibleforvalueofionisationenthalpy.
(17.)(d)Co**[Ar]3d'unpairedelectrons3
(19.)
(20.)
(18.)(b)
(25.)
(27.)
(d)Theabilityofoxygentostabilisethehighoxidationstateisduetotheformationofmultiplebonds
tometalswhichfluorinecannotdo.
(29.)
(30.)
(31.)
Cr:
[Ar]3dunpairedelectrons4
(21.)(b)Boththegivenstatcmcntsarccorrcct.
Mn:
[Ar]
3dunpairedclectrons5
(22.)(d)
(33.)
Cr:Ar]3d²unpairedelectrons
3
(34.)
AsCo*and
Crhavesamenumberofunpairedelectronshencehavesamemagneticmomentvalue.
K,Cr,0,
+
4NaCl+6H,SO,2KHSO,+4NaHS0,+2Cr0,CL,
+
3H,0O
(23.)(d)Amisanactinoiditshowsmoreoxidationstatesthanlanthanoids.
(35.)
ChromylchloridevapourswhbenpassedthroughNaOHsolutiongives
a
yellowsolutionofNa,CrO.
(c)Thereisagreaterrangeofoxidationstates,whichisinpartattributedtothefactthatthe5f,6dand
7slevelsare
ofcomparableenergies.
(a)Generalelectronicconfigurationoflanthanoidsis(n-2)f-4(n-1)s'p°ns
(d)ReactionbetweenKMnO,andOxalicacidis
2KMnO,
+
5C,H,0,
+3H„S0,
K„S0,+2MnSO,+10C0,
+8H,0
ThereactionisslowinthestartingbutMnactsasan
autocatalystandspeedupthereaction.
(c)Hydrochloricacidattacksalmostallmetalsbutmostareslightlyaffectedbynitricacidowingtothe
formationofprotectiveoxidelayers.
(c)Duetolanthanoidcontractionthesecondandthirdd-seriesexhibitsimilarradii(Zr160pm,
Hf
159pm)andhaveverysimilarphysicalandchemicalproperties.
(d)Inneutralorfaintlyalkalinesolutions,IisconvertedtoIO,
2MnO,+H,0+12Mn0,
+
20H
+IO,
Orangeredvapour
(d)Eu(63):[Xe4f'6s
Gd(64):(xe]4f'sd'6s
(32.)(b)Acidifiedpotassiumdichromatewilloxidiseiodidestoiodine,sulphidestosulphur,Tin(1)totin
(IV)andiron(II)saltstoiron(III)
Tb(65):[Xe]4r"6s²
(c)ElectronicconfigurationofFe(27)[Ar]3d"4s'
ElectronicconfigurationofFeAr]3d°Thusithas4unpairedelectrons.
Magneticmoment
=
yn(n+2)
-4(4+2)-\24
=4.89B.M.
(a)AcidifiedKMnO,changesFetoFe*
Darkpurplecrystals:KMnO,
GreencompoundformedbyfusingKOHwithMnQ,:K,MnO,
Orangecrystalswithtetrahedralstructure:K,Cr,O,
(a)KMnO,isastrongoxidisingagentanditsOxidisingpowerisusedforbleachingaction.
(36.)(c)Thefirstfewmembersarequitereactivejustlikecalcium.Howeverwithincreasingatomic
number:,theirbehaviourbecomessimilartothatofaluminum.
44
(16.)(d)Allthethreegiventermsareresponsibleforvalueofionisationenthalpy.
(17.)(d)Co**[Ar]3d'unpairedelectrons3
(19.)
(20.)
(18.)(b)
(25.)
(27.)
(d)Theabilityofoxygentostabilisethehighoxidationstateisduetotheformationofmultiplebonds
tometalswhichfluorinecannotdo.
(29.)
(30.)
(31.)
Cr:
[Ar]3dunpairedelectrons4
(21.)(b)Boththegivenstatcmcntsarccorrcct.
Mn:
[Ar]
3dunpairedclectrons5
(22.)(d)
(33.)
Cr:Ar]3d²unpairedelectrons
3
(34.)
AsCo*and
Crhavesamenumberofunpairedelectronshencehavesamemagneticmomentvalue.
K,Cr,0,
+
4NaCl+6H,SO,2KHSO,+4NaHS0,+2Cr0,CL,
+
3H,0O
(23.)(d)Amisanactinoiditshowsmoreoxidationstatesthanlanthanoids.
(35.)
ChromylchloridevapourswhbenpassedthroughNaOHsolutiongives
a
yellowsolutionofNa,CrO.
(c)Thereisagreaterrangeofoxidationstates,whichisinpartattributedtothefactthatthe5f,6dand
7slevelsare
ofcomparableenergies.
(a)Generalelectronicconfigurationoflanthanoidsis(n-2)f-4(n-1)s'p°ns
(d)ReactionbetweenKMnO,andOxalicacidis
2KMnO,
+
5C,H,0,
+3H„S0,
K„S0,+2MnSO,+10C0,
+8H,0
ThereactionisslowinthestartingbutMnactsasan
autocatalystandspeedupthereaction.
(c)Hydrochloricacidattacksalmostallmetalsbutmostareslightlyaffectedbynitricacidowingtothe
formationofprotectiveoxidelayers.
(c)Duetolanthanoidcontractionthesecondandthirdd-seriesexhibitsimilarradii(Zr160pm,
Hf
159pm)andhaveverysimilarphysicalandchemicalproperties.
(d)Inneutralorfaintlyalkalinesolutions,IisconvertedtoIO,
2MnO,+H,0+12Mn0,
+
20H
+IO,
Orangeredvapour
(d)Eu(63):[Xe4f'6s
Gd(64):(xe]4f'sd'6s
(32.)(b)Acidifiedpotassiumdichromatewilloxidiseiodidestoiodine,sulphidestosulphur,Tin(1)totin
(IV)andiron(II)saltstoiron(III)
Tb(65):[Xe]4r"6s²
(c)ElectronicconfigurationofFe(27)[Ar]3d"4s'
ElectronicconfigurationofFeAr]3d°Thusithas4unpairedelectrons.
Magneticmoment
=
yn(n+2)
-4(4+2)-\24
=4.89B.M.
(a)AcidifiedKMnO,changesFetoFe*
Darkpurplecrystals:KMnO,
GreencompoundformedbyfusingKOHwithMnQ,:K,MnO,
Orangecrystalswithtetrahedralstructure:K,Cr,O,
(a)KMnO,isastrongoxidisingagentanditsOxidisingpowerisusedforbleachingaction.
(36.)(c)Thefirstfewmembersarequitereactivejustlikecalcium.Howeverwithincreasingatomic
number:,theirbehaviourbecomessimilartothatofaluminum.
44
(37.)
(39.)
(40.)
(43.)
(41.)(b)Mischmetalconsistsof
a
lanthanoidmetal(95%
)
andiron(-5%
)andtracesofS,C,Caand
AL.
(44.)
(45.)
(42.)(a
Mn0
MnO,
(48.)
(49.)
(50.)
1.
(a)Ti
ionsaremorestablethanTi*andthusTiionschangeto
Ti
therebyacting
as
oxidising
agents.
2.
(b)4felectronsshicldeachotherfromthenuclcarchargequitepoorlybecauseoftheverydiffused
shapesoff
-
orbitals.
3.
(a)Cr,0,andV,O,
areamphoteric.
4.
+6
Pa(91):
AsinthisreactionMngetrcduccdandoxidiscdboth.Thus,itisadisproportionationreaction.
(a)U(92):[Rn]5f'6d'7s?
[Rn]5f6d'7s
Cm(96)
:
Th(90):(Rn]6d7s?
Fm(100):[Rn]5f7s
RnSf'6d'7s
(47.)(c)InacidicmediumKMnO,oxidisesS²toS
as:
Md(101):[Rn]Sf"7s
(a)
No(102):Rn]sr"78
+4
MnO,
(d)Fe*(d)compoundsaremorestablethanFe()duetoextrastablehalf-filledelectronic
configuration.
5S+2MnO,
+
16H'
2Mn+8H,0
+5S
(a)Thefactorresponsiblcforlanthanoidcontractiontheimperfectshicldingcffectofforbitals.The
shieldingof
one
4felectronbyanotherislessthanthatof
oned-electronbyanotherand
as
nuclear
chargeincreasesalongtheseries,thereisfairlyregulardecrease(lanthanoidcontraction)insizeof
cntirc4f"orbitals.
(a)Lanthanoidsareusedforproductionofalloysteel.Mg-basedalloyisusedtoproducebullets,shell
andlighterflint.Mixcdoxidesoflanthanoidsarecmploycd
as
catalystsinpetrolcumcracking.Some
individualLnoxidesareused
as
phosphorsintelevisionscreens.
(d)Allthelanthanides
aresilverywhitemetals,andhardnessincreaseswithincreasingatomicnumber,
samariumbeingsteelhard.
TOPICVWISEPRACTICEOUESTIONS
-
SOLUTIONS
4)M(s)M"*(aq)+
ne
3)Tendencyof
an
elementtoformcomplexesdoesnotdependonwhethertheelementshowsvariable
O.S.ornot.
Thischangesinvolvesublimation,ionisationandhydration.
3)Firstincreasestillthemiddleofperiodandthendecreasestowardstheend
astheatomic
no.
increases
moretheno.
ofunpairede-s,morewillbethemeltingpoint.Asunpairedd-orbitalselectronpair
up,the
M.PdecreasesThereisaverysmallenergydifferencebetween
3)BothMnO,andKMnO,usedforthepreparationofchlorinebytheactionofConc.HCl
MnO,+4HCIMnCl,
+
2H,0+CI,
2KMnO,+16HCI–2KCI+2MnCl,+8H,0+
5CI,
45
(39.)
(40.)
(43.)
(41.)(b)Mischmetalconsistsof
a
lanthanoidmetal(95%
)
andiron(-5%
)andtracesofS,C,Caand
AL.
(44.)
(45.)
(42.)(a
Mn0
MnO,
(48.)
(49.)
(50.)
1.
(a)Ti
ionsaremorestablethanTi*andthusTiionschangeto
Ti
therebyacting
as
oxidising
agents.
2.
(b)4felectronsshicldeachotherfromthenuclcarchargequitepoorlybecauseoftheverydiffused
shapesoff
-
orbitals.
3.
(a)Cr,0,andV,O,
areamphoteric.
4.
+6
Pa(91):
AsinthisreactionMngetrcduccdandoxidiscdboth.Thus,itisadisproportionationreaction.
(a)U(92):[Rn]5f'6d'7s?
[Rn]5f6d'7s
Cm(96)
:
Th(90):(Rn]6d7s?
Fm(100):[Rn]5f7s
RnSf'6d'7s
(47.)(c)InacidicmediumKMnO,oxidisesS²toS
as:
Md(101):[Rn]Sf"7s
(a)
No(102):Rn]sr"78
+4
MnO,
(d)Fe*(d)compoundsaremorestablethanFe()duetoextrastablehalf-filledelectronic
configuration.
5S+2MnO,
+
16H'
2Mn+8H,0
+5S
(a)Thefactorresponsiblcforlanthanoidcontractiontheimperfectshicldingcffectofforbitals.The
shieldingof
one
4felectronbyanotherislessthanthatof
oned-electronbyanotherand
as
nuclear
chargeincreasesalongtheseries,thereisfairlyregulardecrease(lanthanoidcontraction)insizeof
cntirc4f"orbitals.
(a)Lanthanoidsareusedforproductionofalloysteel.Mg-basedalloyisusedtoproducebullets,shell
andlighterflint.Mixcdoxidesoflanthanoidsarecmploycd
as
catalystsinpetrolcumcracking.Some
individualLnoxidesareused
as
phosphorsintelevisionscreens.
(d)Allthelanthanides
aresilverywhitemetals,andhardnessincreaseswithincreasingatomicnumber,
samariumbeingsteelhard.
TOPICVWISEPRACTICEOUESTIONS
-
SOLUTIONS
4)M(s)M"*(aq)+
ne
3)Tendencyof
an
elementtoformcomplexesdoesnotdependonwhethertheelementshowsvariable
O.S.ornot.
Thischangesinvolvesublimation,ionisationandhydration.
3)Firstincreasestillthemiddleofperiodandthendecreasestowardstheend
astheatomic
no.
increases
moretheno.
ofunpairede-s,morewillbethemeltingpoint.Asunpairedd-orbitalselectronpair
up,the
M.PdecreasesThereisaverysmallenergydifferencebetween
3)BothMnO,andKMnO,usedforthepreparationofchlorinebytheactionofConc.HCl
MnO,+4HCIMnCl,
+
2H,0+CI,
2KMnO,+16HCI–2KCI+2MnCl,+8H,0+
5CI,
45
5.
6.
8.
9.
10
11.
12
13
14.
15.
L6.
17.
18.
ChlorineisnotobtainedbydilHCI
Ag,s,0,+H,0Ag,S+H,SO,
Blackppt
1)u
=n(n+2)
:
Oncalculatingthevalueof
nwefindn
=1;No.
ofunpairedelectrons
=
1:henceitsconfigurationwill
beV(23)-[Ar3'4s°
:v
-[Ar]3d'4s
..
ItschloridehastheformulaVCl,
l)
Sc+3a°4s0
Ti3d'4s0
4)
solutionofSctwillbecolourless.
4)Hgbelongstogroup12.
Mn?
3d'4s°1|1|1|1|4|
Sc*thereisnounpairedelectron.Sotheaqueous
1
1)
ions
Ti?"
Cr²t
1.73=n(n+2)
Mn
(M+2H-¢
M"+H,)
3)
NegativevalueofE°meansthesemetalsliberatehydrogenfromdiluteacid.
1)Mn2+
2)InMnO,manganese
in+6oxidationstatewhichishavinghigheststability.
MnO;disproportionatesinneutraloracidicsolution.
3Mn0
+4H
2Mn0,
+MnO,
+2H,O
E(V)
=0.34V
-0.37
-0,26
3)Duetolanthanidecontraction,thesizeofZrandHf(atomandions)becomenearlysimilar.
+1.57
1)Ti=Ar3d4s*;Thehighestoxidationstatewillbe+4.
Cu2+/Cu
otherthreehave-veERp
Co+/Co
=
-0.28V
(3)Themeltingpointsofthetransitionelementsfirstrisetoamaximumandthenfalls
astheatomic
numberincreases,manganesehasabnormallylowmeltingpoint.
Ni2t/N
=-0.25V
Fe2+/Fe=-0.44V
3)Thetransitionnetalsandtheircompoundsareused
ascatalysts.Becauseofthevariableoxidation
states,theymayformintermediatecompoundswithoneofthereactants.Theseintermediatesprovide
a
newpatbhwithloweractivation
energy.
V,0,+SO,
V,0,
+SO,
:
2V,0,+0,
2V,0,
3)Theouterelectronicconfigurationofthegivenionsisas
46
6.
8.
9.
10
11.
12
13
14.
15.
L6.
17.
18.
ChlorineisnotobtainedbydilHCI
Ag,s,0,+H,0Ag,S+H,SO,
Blackppt
1)u
=n(n+2)
:
Oncalculatingthevalueof
nwefindn
=1;No.
ofunpairedelectrons
=
1:henceitsconfigurationwill
beV(23)-[Ar3'4s°
:v
-[Ar]3d'4s
..
ItschloridehastheformulaVCl,
l)
Sc+3a°4s0
Ti3d'4s0
4)
solutionofSctwillbecolourless.
4)Hgbelongstogroup12.
Mn?
3d'4s°1|1|1|1|4|
Sc*thereisnounpairedelectron.Sotheaqueous
1
1)
ions
Ti?"
Cr²t
1.73=n(n+2)
Mn
(M+2H-¢
M"+H,)
3)
NegativevalueofE°meansthesemetalsliberatehydrogenfromdiluteacid.
1)Mn2+
2)InMnO,manganese
in+6oxidationstatewhichishavinghigheststability.
MnO;disproportionatesinneutraloracidicsolution.
3Mn0
+4H
2Mn0,
+MnO,
+2H,O
E(V)
=0.34V
-0.37
-0,26
3)Duetolanthanidecontraction,thesizeofZrandHf(atomandions)becomenearlysimilar.
+1.57
1)Ti=Ar3d4s*;Thehighestoxidationstatewillbe+4.
Cu2+/Cu
otherthreehave-veERp
Co+/Co
=
-0.28V
(3)Themeltingpointsofthetransitionelementsfirstrisetoamaximumandthenfalls
astheatomic
numberincreases,manganesehasabnormallylowmeltingpoint.
Ni2t/N
=-0.25V
Fe2+/Fe=-0.44V
3)Thetransitionnetalsandtheircompoundsareused
ascatalysts.Becauseofthevariableoxidation
states,theymayformintermediatecompoundswithoneofthereactants.Theseintermediatesprovide
a
newpatbhwithloweractivation
energy.
V,0,+SO,
V,0,
+SO,
:
2V,0,+0,
2V,0,
3)Theouterelectronicconfigurationofthegivenionsisas
46
19
20.
21.
22.
23.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38
39.
40
41.
42.
T
Felt
Cut
d
1111|1|
1)TheoutermostelectronicconfigurationofFeis
Fe=[Ar]3d4s?
Fe*=[Ar]3d4s
S
SinceFehas4unpairedelectronsitisparamagneticinnature.
Zn=[Ar]3d"4s?-nounpairede;
T=[Ar]3d'4s'-no
unpairede
4)Mageticmoment
=/n(n+2)
where
n
(4)24.
4)FecanbeusedtorecoverCufromCuS04solution.
coordinationnumbertosix.
(3)CoCl,hasabluccolourintetrahedralgeometry.Itchangestopinkincolourwiththechangein
(2)
(2)
(4)Actuallyzincsilveralloygetssolidificdcarlicrthanlcad.
(3)Hg;Cl,isused
asa
purgativeinmedicine.
(1)ItisduetoveryhighIEwhichresultsinweakmetallicbonding.
(2)InterstitialcompoundFc3C(cemnentitc)isformed.
+6
2)VO
UTiO<VO;
<CrO?
Hg'"-[Ar4f"sa"-nounpaired
e
4)Cr,0,
,
oxidationstateandgroupnumberis6.
3)Mn,O,isacidic,V,0,isamphotericacidandCrOisbasic.
number
of
unpairedelectrons/15=n(n+1):.n=3
1)AqueoussolutionofCoCl,contains[CoH,0)%j"whichispinkishincolour
so
option4)isincorrect.
Reductionpotentialof
Co
Co
ishigh
so
option2)isincorrect.Codoesnotoxidiseseasilyto
Co.Itisgeneralcasethatsymmetricalsubstitutedoctahedralcomplexes
arelessdeeperincolourthan
tetrahedralcomplexes.So[CoCL4]isdeepblueincolour.
hence
noreactionwilloccurwiththem.
2)Cu+2AgNO,Cu(NO,),
+
2Ag.Cu'willgivebluesolution.CuisbelowinECSthanKandZn
1)Cro,isamphotericinnature
2)CuF,isbothparamagneticandcoloured.
1)Cr,0;+20H
2CrO;+H,0
I)Cr,0+6I+14H31,
+
7H,0+2Cr*
OxidationstateofCris+3
1)2K,CrO,
+2HNO,
K,CEO,+2KNO,+
H,0
2)2CuSO,
+4KI
2K,SO,
+
Cu,I,+1,
3)BenzenedoesnotdecolouriseKMn04(acidic/alkaline).Itisduetothedelocalizationofp-electronin
benzene.Mohr'ssaltandoxalicacidgiveredoXreactionwithKMn04.PropenedecolorisesKMn04
duetopresence
of
C
=Cbond.
1)Thegreencolourappearsduetotheformationof
47
20.
21.
22.
23.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38
39.
40
41.
42.
T
Felt
Cut
d
1111|1|
1)TheoutermostelectronicconfigurationofFeis
Fe=[Ar]3d4s?
Fe*=[Ar]3d4s
S
SinceFehas4unpairedelectronsitisparamagneticinnature.
Zn=[Ar]3d"4s?-nounpairede;
T=[Ar]3d'4s'-no
unpairede
4)Mageticmoment
=/n(n+2)
where
n
(4)24.
4)FecanbeusedtorecoverCufromCuS04solution.
coordinationnumbertosix.
(3)CoCl,hasabluccolourintetrahedralgeometry.Itchangestopinkincolourwiththechangein
(2)
(2)
(4)Actuallyzincsilveralloygetssolidificdcarlicrthanlcad.
(3)Hg;Cl,isused
asa
purgativeinmedicine.
(1)ItisduetoveryhighIEwhichresultsinweakmetallicbonding.
(2)InterstitialcompoundFc3C(cemnentitc)isformed.
+6
2)VO
UTiO<VO;
<CrO?
Hg'"-[Ar4f"sa"-nounpaired
e
4)Cr,0,
,
oxidationstateandgroupnumberis6.
3)Mn,O,isacidic,V,0,isamphotericacidandCrOisbasic.
number
of
unpairedelectrons/15=n(n+1):.n=3
1)AqueoussolutionofCoCl,contains[CoH,0)%j"whichispinkishincolour
so
option4)isincorrect.
Reductionpotentialof
Co
Co
ishigh
so
option2)isincorrect.Codoesnotoxidiseseasilyto
Co.Itisgeneralcasethatsymmetricalsubstitutedoctahedralcomplexes
arelessdeeperincolourthan
tetrahedralcomplexes.So[CoCL4]isdeepblueincolour.
hence
noreactionwilloccurwiththem.
2)Cu+2AgNO,Cu(NO,),
+
2Ag.Cu'willgivebluesolution.CuisbelowinECSthanKandZn
1)Cro,isamphotericinnature
2)CuF,isbothparamagneticandcoloured.
1)Cr,0;+20H
2CrO;+H,0
I)Cr,0+6I+14H31,
+
7H,0+2Cr*
OxidationstateofCris+3
1)2K,CrO,
+2HNO,
K,CEO,+2KNO,+
H,0
2)2CuSO,
+4KI
2K,SO,
+
Cu,I,+1,
3)BenzenedoesnotdecolouriseKMn04(acidic/alkaline).Itisduetothedelocalizationofp-electronin
benzene.Mohr'ssaltandoxalicacidgiveredoXreactionwithKMn04.PropenedecolorisesKMn04
duetopresence
of
C
=Cbond.
1)Thegreencolourappearsduetotheformationof
47
43.
|44.
45.
46.
47
48.
49
50
51.
52.
54.
55.
56.
57.
59
60
61.
62.
63.
64.
65
66
67.
68.
69.
70
1.
crtion,i.e.,Cr,(SO)s
CyO%+3so+SH*.
2)HClandSO
arereducingagentsandcanreduceMn0,.C0,whichisneitheroxidisingandnor
reducingwillprovideonlyacidicmedium.Itcanshiftreactioninforwarddirectionandreactioncango
tocompletion.
(3)Inlaboratory,manganese(l)ionsaltisoxidisedtopermagnateioninaqueoussolutionby
peroxodisulphate.
I)Pyrolusite(ItisMnO2)
2)
3)Mn,0,
acidic
;
CrObasic
;
V,0,
amphoteric
;
2)Downthegroupmetalliccharacterincreaseshencetendencytolooseelectronincreases.
3)IisconvertedtoIO,byneutralorfaintlyalkalineMnO,
asshownbelow
2MnO,+H,0+I
2MnO,+
20H+10;
4)
AI
hs
nounpaircdd-clcctrons.
1)
4)SinceionicradiidecreasesfromLa'toLuduetolanthanoidcontraction,
so
La'thaveleastionic
radiioutofthegivenradii.Henceansweris85pm.
3sO
+2Cr**+4H,0
2)Pmisobtainedbysyntheticmethod.
4)
53.
4)WeknowthatlanthanidesLa,Gdshows+3,oxidationstate,whileEushowsoxidationstateof+2and
+3.Amshows+3,+4,+5and+6Oxidationstates.ThereforeAmericium(Am)hasmaximumnumberof
oxidationstates.
2)Inlanthanides,thereispoorershieldingof5delectronsby4felectronsresultingingreaterattraction
ofthenucleusover5delectronsandcontractionoftheatomicradii.
4)
3)Ac(89)=[Ra]|G[7s]
58.
(3)
4)Mischmetalisanalloywhichcontainsrareearthelements(94-95%),iron(5%)andtracesofsulphur,
carbon,silicon,calciumandaluminium.Itisusedin
gaslighters,tracerbulletsandshells.
3)
1)
(3)GunmetalisanalloyofCu,ZnandSn.Itcontains88%Cu,10%Snand2%Zn.
(2)BrassisanalloyofCuandZn
(2)Cu,AgandAuarecalledcoinagemetals.
S(Z=62)
(1)La(lanthanum)isnonlanthanoidatom.
(3)
[Xe4f°6s-6
unpairede
[Xel4f"6s-7
unpairede
Cr,0,
amphoteric
[Xe4f6s-Ounpaired
e
[Xe4f5a'6s?–2unpairede
OnlyYb*
isdiamagnetic.
3)
Eu*(Z=63)
Yb?*(2=70)
(2)Amongstthegivenelements,onlyGdisalanthanide.
ce*(z=5s)
(2)Ionicradiioftrivalentlanthanoidesdecrcasesprogressivclywithincreaseinatomic
no.dueto
lanthanoidescontraction.
NEETPREVIOUSYEARSOUESTIONS-EXPLANATIONS
48
|44.
45.
46.
47
48.
49
50
51.
52.
54.
55.
56.
57.
59
60
61.
62.
63.
64.
65
66
67.
68.
69.
70
1.
crtion,i.e.,Cr,(SO)s
CyO%+3so+SH*.
2)HClandSO
arereducingagentsandcanreduceMn0,.C0,whichisneitheroxidisingandnor
reducingwillprovideonlyacidicmedium.Itcanshiftreactioninforwarddirectionandreactioncango
tocompletion.
(3)Inlaboratory,manganese(l)ionsaltisoxidisedtopermagnateioninaqueoussolutionby
peroxodisulphate.
I)Pyrolusite(ItisMnO2)
2)
3)Mn,0,
acidic
;
CrObasic
;
V,0,
amphoteric
;
2)Downthegroupmetalliccharacterincreaseshencetendencytolooseelectronincreases.
3)IisconvertedtoIO,byneutralorfaintlyalkalineMnO,
asshownbelow
2MnO,+H,0+I
2MnO,+
20H+10;
4)
AI
hs
nounpaircdd-clcctrons.
1)
4)SinceionicradiidecreasesfromLa'toLuduetolanthanoidcontraction,
so
La'thaveleastionic
radiioutofthegivenradii.Henceansweris85pm.
3sO
+2Cr**+4H,0
2)Pmisobtainedbysyntheticmethod.
4)
53.
4)WeknowthatlanthanidesLa,Gdshows+3,oxidationstate,whileEushowsoxidationstateof+2and
+3.Amshows+3,+4,+5and+6Oxidationstates.ThereforeAmericium(Am)hasmaximumnumberof
oxidationstates.
2)Inlanthanides,thereispoorershieldingof5delectronsby4felectronsresultingingreaterattraction
ofthenucleusover5delectronsandcontractionoftheatomicradii.
4)
3)Ac(89)=[Ra]|G[7s]
58.
(3)
4)Mischmetalisanalloywhichcontainsrareearthelements(94-95%),iron(5%)andtracesofsulphur,
carbon,silicon,calciumandaluminium.Itisusedin
gaslighters,tracerbulletsandshells.
3)
1)
(3)GunmetalisanalloyofCu,ZnandSn.Itcontains88%Cu,10%Snand2%Zn.
(2)BrassisanalloyofCuandZn
(2)Cu,AgandAuarecalledcoinagemetals.
S(Z=62)
(1)La(lanthanum)isnonlanthanoidatom.
(3)
[Xe4f°6s-6
unpairede
[Xel4f"6s-7
unpairede
Cr,0,
amphoteric
[Xe4f6s-Ounpaired
e
[Xe4f5a'6s?–2unpairede
OnlyYb*
isdiamagnetic.
3)
Eu*(Z=63)
Yb?*(2=70)
(2)Amongstthegivenelements,onlyGdisalanthanide.
ce*(z=5s)
(2)Ionicradiioftrivalentlanthanoidesdecrcasesprogressivclywithincreaseinatomic
no.dueto
lanthanoidescontraction.
NEETPREVIOUSYEARSOUESTIONS-EXPLANATIONS
48
2
3)
4)
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10
11.
12.
CH0
MnO4
Mno;
Crotdiamagnetic
Crtdiamagnetic
Mndiamagnetic
Mnparamagnetic
Thusunpairedelectronispresent,so
ddtransitionispossible.
1)Co*=[Ar]3d",unpaired
e
(n)=4
Spinmagneticmoment
=JA(4+2)
=
W24B.M
Cr
=[Ar]3d,unpairede(n)=3
Spinmagneticmoment=/3(3+2)=15
B.M
Fe*=[Ar|3d,
unpaired
e
(n)=5
Spinmagneticmoment
=/s(5+2)=N3sB.M
Ni=[Ar]3d,unpaired
e
(n)=2
SpinmagneticmomentJ2(2+2)
=
V8B.M
1)Potassiumpermanganatehasapurplecolour.Whensulphurdioxidercactswithpotassium
permanganatethesolutiondecolourizes.
5S0,
+2KMnO,+2H,0
2H,S0,+2MnS0,
+K,SO,
2)InasolutioncontainingHgCI,,I,andI,bothHgCl,andI,competefor
I
SinceformationconstantofHgl,isverylarge
(1.9x10")ascomparedwith
1,
(K,=700)
.:.I
willpreferentiallycombinewithHgCI,
HgCl,+2I
HgI,+2C1
4)
Redppt
Hgl,+21
[Hgl,]
soluble
2)Minimum
orcomparableenergygapbetween5f.6dand7ssubshellmakeselectronexcitationeasier,
hencethereisagreaterrange
ofoxidationstatesinactinoids.
4)K,Cr,0,+SO,+H,SO,
K,S0,+Cr,(SO,),+H,0
Eu(63)
=
(Xe]4f'6s
Ga(64)=[Xe]4f"sd'6s'
Tb(65)=[Xe]4f'5d'6s?
3)Gd(64)
-
(Xe]4r'5d'6s?
(2)FormationofFe(CO)5fromFeinvolvesnochangeinoxidationstateofiron.
(2)DuetolanthanoidcontractionatomicradiiofZrandHfisalmostsimilar.
2)2KMnO,+3H,SO,+5H,0,
K,SO,+2MnS0,+8H,0+50,
i.e.
MnionandO,
2)Magneticmoment
Greencolour
H=n(n+2)
;
2.83
=
n(n+2):
Ni*havetwounpairedelectron.
Onsolvingn=2
49
3)
4)
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10
11.
12.
CH0
MnO4
Mno;
Crotdiamagnetic
Crtdiamagnetic
Mndiamagnetic
Mnparamagnetic
Thusunpairedelectronispresent,so
ddtransitionispossible.
1)Co*=[Ar]3d",unpaired
e
(n)=4
Spinmagneticmoment
=JA(4+2)
=
W24B.M
Cr
=[Ar]3d,unpairede(n)=3
Spinmagneticmoment=/3(3+2)=15
B.M
Fe*=[Ar|3d,
unpaired
e
(n)=5
Spinmagneticmoment
=/s(5+2)=N3sB.M
Ni=[Ar]3d,unpaired
e
(n)=2
SpinmagneticmomentJ2(2+2)
=
V8B.M
1)Potassiumpermanganatehasapurplecolour.Whensulphurdioxidercactswithpotassium
permanganatethesolutiondecolourizes.
5S0,
+2KMnO,+2H,0
2H,S0,+2MnS0,
+K,SO,
2)InasolutioncontainingHgCI,,I,andI,bothHgCl,andI,competefor
I
SinceformationconstantofHgl,isverylarge
(1.9x10")ascomparedwith
1,
(K,=700)
.:.I
willpreferentiallycombinewithHgCI,
HgCl,+2I
HgI,+2C1
4)
Redppt
Hgl,+21
[Hgl,]
soluble
2)Minimum
orcomparableenergygapbetween5f.6dand7ssubshellmakeselectronexcitationeasier,
hencethereisagreaterrange
ofoxidationstatesinactinoids.
4)K,Cr,0,+SO,+H,SO,
K,S0,+Cr,(SO,),+H,0
Eu(63)
=
(Xe]4f'6s
Ga(64)=[Xe]4f"sd'6s'
Tb(65)=[Xe]4f'5d'6s?
3)Gd(64)
-
(Xe]4r'5d'6s?
(2)FormationofFe(CO)5fromFeinvolvesnochangeinoxidationstateofiron.
(2)DuetolanthanoidcontractionatomicradiiofZrandHfisalmostsimilar.
2)2KMnO,+3H,SO,+5H,0,
K,SO,+2MnS0,+8H,0+50,
i.e.
MnionandO,
2)Magneticmoment
Greencolour
H=n(n+2)
;
2.83
=
n(n+2):
Ni*havetwounpairedelectron.
Onsolvingn=2
49
13
14
5
16.
17
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
1)Theshape
off-orbitalsisverymuchdiffusedandtheyhavepoorshieldingeffect.Theeffective
nuclcarcharge increaseswhichcausesthecontractiioninthesizeofclectronchargecloud.This
contractioninsizeisquite
regularandknown
as
lanthanoidcontraction.
1)MnO,(Mangnateion)andMnO,(Permangnateion)botharetetrahedral
Since'n'bondisformedbetweenp-orbitalof
oxygenandd-orbitalofManagnese
3)
KMnO4+I+OHMn,
+
I03
+
H0
2)Lanthanoidsshowsgeneraloxidationstate+3butsomeelementscanshows+2as
well
as+4.
2)Inthegivenoptions
Themetalwhichreveals
a
maximumnumberofoxidationstate
Mn
Themetalalthoughplacedin3dblockisconsiderednotasa
transitionelementis
Zn
Themetalwhichdoesnotexhibitvariableoxidationstateis
Sc(only+3)
Themetalwhichin+1oxidationstateinaqueoussolutionundergoesdisproportionationis
Cu
aCu+4NH,
Cu(NH,),
1)lnbothCro:
andCr0Oxidationstateofchromiumis+6
C2t
Cr Fet
Fets:
3d4
3d
deepbluecolour
Cr
hasmorestabletagconfiguration
1)Actinoidsarehighlyreactivemetals,especiallywhenfinelydivided
Actinoidcontractionisgreaterfromelementtoelementthanlanthanoidcontractionresulting
frompoorshieldingby5felectrons
Manytrivalentlanthanoidsionsarecolouredbothinthesolidstateandinaqueoussolutions.
Lanthanoidshavetypicalmetallicstructureandaregoodconductorsofheatandelectricity
BythelOssof3electronsfrom5d'and6s,itgetsstablehalf-filled4f'configuration
Faintlyalkalinemediumorneutral
KMnO,
K,Mn0,MnO,
+7to+4
50
14
5
16.
17
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
1)Theshape
off-orbitalsisverymuchdiffusedandtheyhavepoorshieldingeffect.Theeffective
nuclcarcharge increaseswhichcausesthecontractiioninthesizeofclectronchargecloud.This
contractioninsizeisquite
regularandknown
as
lanthanoidcontraction.
1)MnO,(Mangnateion)andMnO,(Permangnateion)botharetetrahedral
Since'n'bondisformedbetweenp-orbitalof
oxygenandd-orbitalofManagnese
3)
KMnO4+I+OHMn,
+
I03
+
H0
2)Lanthanoidsshowsgeneraloxidationstate+3butsomeelementscanshows+2as
well
as+4.
2)Inthegivenoptions
Themetalwhichreveals
a
maximumnumberofoxidationstate
Mn
Themetalalthoughplacedin3dblockisconsiderednotasa
transitionelementis
Zn
Themetalwhichdoesnotexhibitvariableoxidationstateis
Sc(only+3)
Themetalwhichin+1oxidationstateinaqueoussolutionundergoesdisproportionationis
Cu
aCu+4NH,
Cu(NH,),
1)lnbothCro:
andCr0Oxidationstateofchromiumis+6
C2t
Cr Fet
Fets:
3d4
3d
deepbluecolour
Cr
hasmorestabletagconfiguration
1)Actinoidsarehighlyreactivemetals,especiallywhenfinelydivided
Actinoidcontractionisgreaterfromelementtoelementthanlanthanoidcontractionresulting
frompoorshieldingby5felectrons
Manytrivalentlanthanoidsionsarecolouredbothinthesolidstateandinaqueoussolutions.
Lanthanoidshavetypicalmetallicstructureandaregoodconductorsofheatandelectricity
BythelOssof3electronsfrom5d'and6s,itgetsstablehalf-filled4f'configuration
Faintlyalkalinemediumorneutral
KMnO,
K,Mn0,MnO,
+7to+4
50
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