class 8 From Trade to Territory.ppt how British conquered India

This PPT is about how British conquered India

2. In this chapter, we will study
◈East India Company starts trade in Bengal
◈How trade led to Battles
◈The Battle of Plassey, 1757
◈The Battle of Buxar. 1764
◈Company Rule Expands-Direct annexation,
Subsidiary Alliance, Doctrine of Lapse
◈Anglo-Mysore wars
◈Maratha War
◈Setting up a new administration
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3. The last powerful Mughal Emperor
Aurangzeb was the
last powerful Mughal
emperor.
His death led to
disintegration of
Mughal Empire
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4. East India Company comes East
1. In 1600, East India Company
acquired charter.
2. Sole right to trade with East
3. No fear of competition
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5. 5

6. 1. Other European traders
◦a. Portuguese
◦b. Dutch
◦c. French
2. Vasco da Gama –
Discovered sea route
to India
3. Items of trade –Cotton,
Silk, Pepper,
Cloves, Cardamom,
Cinnamon.
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7. Competition pushed up the prices
and reduced profits. How would
they have eliminated this????
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8. East India Company begins
trade in Bengal
◦In 1651, English
factory was set on the
banks of river Hugli
in Bengal.
◦Warehouses were set
up where goods for
export were stored
and exported
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9. ◦Mughal officials
were bribed to get
Zamindarirights
over three villages.
◦Aurangzeb issued a
farmangranting
the company the
right to trade duty-
free.
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10. How Trade led to battles
•Aurangzeb’s farman had granted only the Company the right to
trade duty free. But officials of the Company, who were carrying
on private trade on the side, were expected to pay duty. This they
refused to pay, causing an enormous loss of revenue for Bengal.
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Alivardi
Khan
Siraj-ud-
Daulah

11. How Trade led to battles
1.Conflict between the Company and Nawabs intensified
2.They refused to grant concessions to Company
3.Demanded large tributes
4.Asked to stop fortification and building settlements
5.Sirajudaullah captured Company’s officials, locked the
warehouses
6.Forces were called from Madras under Robert Clive
7.Battle of Plassey, 1757
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12. Battle of Plassey, 1757
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13. Battle of Plassey,1757
Participants: British and Nawab of Bengal (Sirajuddaulah)
Result: British under Robert Clive defeated the Nawab.
Reason of defeat: Mir Jafar, one of the commander, never
fought the battle.
Impact: First major victory of British in India, deputed Mr
Jafar as puppet nawab.
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14. Battle of Buxar,1764
Participants: British and Nawab of Bengal (Mir
Qasim)
Result: British defeated the Nawab.
Impact: Assumpton of Diwani rights
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15. DiwaniRights
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The Company is
appointed as the Diwan
of Bengal

16. Benefits of Diwanirights
1. Diwani= Use the vast revenue resources of Bengal.
2. Benefits
◦A. Revenue was used to finance the company’s
expenses.
◦B. Revenue was used to purchase cotton and silk
textiles.
◦C. maintain Company’s troops, cost of fortification
and offices.
◦D. Outflow of gold and silver from Britain stopped
entirely.
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17. Nabobs
Anglicised version of
the Indian
word ‘ nawab’.
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18. Company rule Expands
The prompt annexation of Indian states took
place between 1757 to 1857.
This was due to a few of the policies that were
adopted by the British:
a.Subsidiary Alliance
b.Claim to Paramountcy
c.Doctrine of Lapse
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19. Subsidiary Alliance
1. Residents were appointed
2. Indian rulers were not allowed to have their
independent army.
3. Protected by the Company’s army
4. States had to pay for the maintenance of the Company.
5. Territory was taken over if failed to make payment.
6. No alliance with other trading companies.
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20. TipuSultan –The Tiger of
Mysore
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21. TipuSultan had relations with
the French.
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23. Tipu’sToy Tiger
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25. 25

26. Rani Channamma, Kitoor
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27. Maharaja RanjitSingh, Punjab
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30. Presidencies
Bombay Madras Bengal
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31. Head of the Administration –
Governor-General
The First
Governor-general
of India –Warren
Hastings
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32. Courts in each District
Criminal Court Civil Court
(Faujdari Adalat) ( Diwani Adalat)
Civil Courts were presided over by District Collectors
Criminal courts were under a Qazi and a mufti
Supreme Court was established in 1773 under Regulating Act of 1773.
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33. Company Army
A. Cavalry and Infantry
B. trained in archery and the
sword.
C. Armed with muskets and
matchlocks.
D. European style training, drill
and discipline
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