CLASS DISCUSSION ON KARAKORAM & HIMALAYA.pptx

HIMALAYAN RANGE

1. CLASS DISCUSSION ON KARAKORAM & HIMALAYA SID DA

2. SUB – TOPICS Origination Importance Physical Features Divisions of Himalayas Karakoram Ranges of Karakoram Detailed Himalaya Discussion

3. MCQ-1 Consider the following statements and select the correct answer from the code given below: Himalaya is a mountain range located in Asia, segregating the Tibetan Plateau from the Indian subcontinent.  The Himalayan mountain range broadly includes the Hindu Kush, the Karakoram and other small mountain ranges that branch out from the Pamir Knot . a) Only I true b) Only II true c) Both True d) None true

4. ORIGIN OF HIMALAYA Himalaya originated due to the collision between the northward moving Indian plate and the Eurasian plate which is moving north now under the pressure. The Northward plate boundary was convergent Oceanic- Continental one. The thickness of the continental crust in the subduction zone is 75 km( t wice the average). The H imalaya is still rising at 1cm/year rate due to the continuous northward movement of Indian plate. The Indian plate is moving at a rate of 4-5cm/Year now , explaining the shallow earthquake in the region.

5. MCQ -2 Consider the following statements : I) Indian plate was earlier attached to Madagascar before breaking out. II) Indian plate is creating new crusts in its tail end. III) Indian plate started its movement during the Cenozoic era. a) All correct b) II & III correct c) I & II correct d) Only I correct

6. PHYSICAL FEATURES OF HIMALAYA The total Himalayan arc is of 2400 km. It runs from Nanga Parbat to Namcha Bharwa . The width of Himalaya varies from 400 km to 150 km. Himalaya forms the boundary of India with 7 countries. Slope of the Himalaya varies as NW to SW(North) ,E to W ( Sikkim), SW to NW (Arunachal ) , N to S ( Purvanchal ). In chinese , the mountains are called Ximalaya , and in urdu , Himaliya . The five tallest peaks of the world are located in Himalaya . The 2 nd and 3 rd largest glaciers outside polar region are located in Karakoram. The Himalaya mountains are broadly classified into 4 divisions based on their emergence.

7. MCQ 3 Which of the following mountain is The oldest mountain range of India? a) Karakoram Range b ) Pir Panjal Range c) Satpura Range d ) Aravalli Range Which is the highest Indian peak? a) Kangchenjunga b ) Nanda Devi c) K10 d ) Kamet What do you mean by world ‘Himalaya’? a) Land of peaks b ) Land of rising sun c) Adobe of snow d ) Land of mountains Which is considered as the western point of the Himalayas? a) Nanga Parbat b ) Namcha Barwa c) K2 d ) Kanchenjunga

8. DIVISIONS OF HIMALAYA Himalaya is broadly divided into - a) Trans Himalaya - Situated in the plateau Q inghai- Xizhang , it is 1600 km long.. It merges in the ranges of Karakoram and forms boundary of India, Pakistan & China . Mt. N yenchen Tyanglha is the highest peak. b) Central Himalaya – The loftiest and the important of all the divisions. Average height is of 6000 m and comprises 4 of the tallest peaks. c) Himachal Himalaya – Average height is of 4200 m and width varies from 64-80 km. d) Shiwalik Himalaya – Ranges from Potwar plateau to Bannu plains. Most important for India. Average height is of 1100 m. It forms the poorvanchal axis of India.

9. MCQ -4 The Nanda Devi is located in which of the following state? a)Himachal Pradesh b)Jammu & Kashmir c) Uttarakhand d) Uttar Pradesh Which one of the only regions of the Shivaliks to preserve its flora and fauna? a) Doon b) Duar c) Bhabar d) Patli Dun What was the ancient name of Shivalik Hills? a) Manak Parbat b)Mahabharata Hills c) Shiva Parvat d) Chhota Hima

10. KARAKORAM It stretches from Kashmir to Tibet for a length of more or less 500 km. It is bordered by Yarkand & Karrakesh river valley in the north , Pamir knots in the north western ,Aksai chin in the east & Gilgit , Shyok , Indus river valley in the south. The 2 nd highest peak is in this range , K2 ( 8611 m) , Gilgit Baltistan . The 2 nd & 3 rd largest glacier are here , Siachen ( 76 km) & Baltoro ( 63 km). Karakoram is also known as Muztagh , Krahnagiri & Kanheni . Karakoram constitutes the northern most boundary of the Indian plate. The World’s highest paved international border pass , Khunjerab Pass , is located here. Zanskar & Ladakh ranges are located in the south of the Karakoram ranges. ` The average height of the range of Karakoram is about 6100 m and the width is 240 km.

11. MCQ 5 The water dividing the Hunza River and the ____River is taken as the boundary between the Karakoram and Hindu Kush mountains. a ) Indus b ) Jhelum c ) Kabul d ) Gilgit The Karakoram mountains lie ____of the Indus River and extend North ward beyond the borders of Pakistan. a ) East b ) West c ) North d ) South Four of the mountains rise above ____ metres . a ) 6000 b ) 7000 c ) 8000 d ) 9000 K-2, at ____ metres , is the 2nd highest peak in the world next to Mount Everest. a ) 8611 b ) 8711 c ) 8811 d ) 8911 The Khunjerab Pass is an important pass linking Pakistan and ____through the Karakoram Highway. a ) China b ) India c ) Iran d ) Afghanistan

12. K2 It is the highest peak in India and 2 nd highest in the world with a height of 8611 m. It marks the international border between PoK & China. It is known in different names – chogori , Mt Godwin Austin , Qogir , Lamba Pahar , Keetu / Keechu & Savage mountain. It has been scaled in the year 1954 by an Italian team led by Ardito Desio . Windy gap is its most important pass. Great trigonometric survey of India of 1847 briefly marked it as the highest peak.

13. LADAKH , ZANSKAR , KAILASH Ladakh range lies between the Indus & Shyok river with a stretch of 370 km. The average height of the range is 6000 m. Khardungla pass is the highest motorable road pass in India. Kailash range is also known as Gangdise Shan. Highest peak of Kailash range is Mt Kailash (6638 m). Manasoravar is located at the foothills of Kailash range. The average height of the Zanskar range is 6000 m. Penzila pass & Lipulekh pass are important pass here . Zanskar range stretches from Lumayaru in the west to Uttarakhand in the east encompassing the highest peak Mt kamet ( 7756 m).

14. MCQ 6 Consider the following mountain ranges: 1. Ladakh Range 2. Karakoram 3. Greater Himalayas 4. Zanskar Range What is the correct sequence of these from south to north? a)  3, 4, 1, 2 b)  3, 1, 4, 2 c)  4, 2, 3, 1 d)  4, 3, 2, 1 The highest peak of the Himalayas in India Possession is in which of the following state? a)  Uttar Pradesh b)  Kashmir c) Sikkim d)Himachal Pradesh

15. THANK YOU WE WILL MEET AGAIN IN NEXT CLASS WITH INDIAN HIMALAYA – CLASS II.