Classification of aminoacids based on charge and polarity.pptx

Classification of aminoacids based on charge and polarity

1. Classification of amino acid and properties Ms.J.Mythili Assistant professor of Biotechnology Bonsecours college for women Thanjavur

2. What are amino acids Amino acids are organic compounds containing amine (-NH2) Carboxyl group(-COOH) Side chain (R group) The major key elements of amino acids are carbon ,Hydrogen ,nitrogen , oxygen. About 500 amino acids are known (though only 20 appear in the genetic code )and can be classified in many ways.

3. Basic structure (skeleton)

4. Need for classification Classification of amino acids gives the grouping between 20 amino acids and basic outline for grouping . It makes a clear idea to pick the amino acid type. This is much useful for chemicals for the easy understanding between each amino acids.

5. Based on R group Simple amino acids these have no functional group in their side chain. Example :glycine ,valine ,alanine ,leucine, Isoleucine Hydroxy amino acids : These have a hydroxyl group in their side chain Eg : Serine, threonine

6. Classification Based on Polarity and R group Distribution in protein Nutritional requirements Number of amino and carboxylic groups

7. Based on R group Sulphur containing amino acids : have sulfur in their side chain Eg : Cysteine , methionine Aromatic amino acids: Have benzene ring in their side chain Eg : Phenylalanine, tyrosine Heterocyclic amino acids : Having a side chain ring which process at Eg : Tryptophan, histidine ,proline

8. Based on R group Amine group containing amino acids : derivatives of amino acids in which one of the carboxyl group has been transformed into an amide group Eg : Asparagine, glutamine Branched chain amino acids : A branched -chain amino acid(BCAA)is an amino acid having aliphatic side –chains with a branch Eg : leucine, isoleucine, valine

9. Based on R group Acidic amino acids: Eg : Aspartic and Glutamic acid Basic amino acids : Eg:Lysine,Arginine Imino acid Amino acids containing a secondary amine group Eg:Proline

10. Polarity and R group Non acids with non polar R group : these are hydrocarbons in nature ,hydrophobic ,have aliphatic and aromatic groups (aliphatic R groups) Eg : Alanine ,Valine ,leucine , Isoleucine, Proline. (Aromatic groups) Eg : Phenylalanine, Tryptophan, Methionine(Sulfur)

11. Polarity and R group Amino acids with polar but uncharged R Group: these amino acids are polar and possess neutral PH value . Eg : Glycine ,Serine, Threonine ,cysteine ,Tyrosine ,Glutamine , Asparagine.

12. Thankyou