Classification of surgical instruments.pptx

surgical instruments

1. Classification of surgical instruments Surgical instruments

2. Surgical instruments A collective term used for those instruments which are used for surgical procedures. Scissors Tissue forceps Towel clips Scalpels and blades Needles Needle holders

3. Basic surgical instruments General surgery

4. 4 types Retracting and exposing instuments Cutting and dissecting Clamping and occluding Grasping and holding

5. Retracting or exposing instruments Used to hold back or retract tissues to gain exposure to the surgery site. Self retaining ; stay open on their own Manual held by hand

6. Deaver retractor A Deaver retractor is a  surgical instrument used in thoracic and abdominal surgery for holding back muscle, tissue, and bone . 

7. Richardson’s retractor Manual retractor used to retract deep thoracic or abdominal incision.

8. Army navy retractor Manual retractor used to hold back superficial incisions

9. Goulet retractor Manual retractor to hold back superficial incisions

10. Malleable retractor It is used to retract deep wounds, can be bent in different shapes

11. Weitlaner retractor Self retaining retractor used to retract shallow incisions.

12. Gelpi retractor Self retaining for shallow incisions

13. balfour Self retaining, used in deep abdominal surgery to hold back bulky tissues, organs

14. Cutting and dissecting instruments Cont.

15. Surgical scalpel The surgical scalpel is used to cut the skin and tissue during surgical procedures.  A surgical scalpel usually consists of two complementary parts: the handle and a blade.

16. Numbering system The numbering system goes back to Morgan Parker, who numbered the handles from 1 to 9 and assigned the surgical blades a number from 10 to 20. Surgical blades are often purchased separately from the surgical blade handle. The surgeon selects the best surgical blade handle for the procedure. Surgical blade handles vary in size, weight, and length to provide the surgeon with optimal precision, balance, and visibility

17. Scalpels 7 handle with 15 blade used to cut deep delicate tissue 3 handle with 10 blade used to cut superficial tissue 4 handle with twenty blade used to cut skin

18. scissors Straight Mayo scissors - Used to cut suture and supplies.

19. Curved mayo scissors Curved Mayo scissors - Used to cut heavy tissue fascia,muscle etc

20. Metzenbaum scissors Metzenbaum scissors - Used to cut delicate tissue. Available in regular and long sizes.

21. According to shape Straight blunt To cut and dissect muscles Straight pointed to cut other tissues Lister bandage to remove bandages and dressings

22. Bone cutters A bone cutter is a surgical instrument used to cut or remove bones. In addition to surgery, they are also used in forensics Unpowered – Unpowered bone cutting implements include varieties of hacksaw and sabre saw.

23. cont Reciprocating – Usually a powered rotary oscillation is applied to a specialised cutting implement to provide smooth controllable cuts into bone, for applications, from skull cutting to rib cutting. A sternal saw is a reciprocating bone cutter.[

24. cont Sonic (or sound cutting) – The sonic cutter is still experimental, but its primary focus is to use high frequency, high amplitude sound to remove material (in this case bone), providing the ability to cut. Some tissue sonic cutters are being produced. A costotome in the open position Costotome – A costotome is a specialised rib cutter used to gain access to the thoracic cavity. It has two levers; the first one to be operated grasps the rib, and the second one cuts the rib.[4][5]

25. Bone cutter and bone nibbler Used to reshape bones during osteotomies , amputations

26. Bone chisel Used to chip out bone during osteotomies

27. Rib cutter Used to cut or resect ribs

28. Bone saw Used to cut bones during amputations

29. Periosteum elevator Used to elevate the periosteum during amputations