Clauses Main And Subord

Grammar work

1. 1
Clauses
Sentence Level Work

2. 2
Aims
What is a clause?
What is a subordinate clause?
How can we use them correctly?

3. 3
Task 1
Jo was late for school.
She forgot to set the alarm.
Join these sentences together to
make one sentence. You may add in
any words except ‘and’, ‘but’ or ‘so’

4. 4
Examples
Jo was late for school because she
forgot to set her alarm.
Jo was late for school when she
forgot to set her alarm.
Jo was late for school having
forgotten to set her alarm.

5. 5
What is a clause?
A clause is one part of a sentence. In
the sentence we’ve looked at there are
two clauses.
Jo was late for school

6. 6
What is a clause?
A clause is one part of a sentence. In
the sentence we’ve looked at there are
two clauses.
Jo was late for school (Clause 1)

7. 7
What is a clause?
A clause is one part of a sentence. In
the sentence we’ve looked at there are
two clauses.
Jo was late for school (Clause 1)
because she forgot to set her alarm.

8. 8
What is a clause?
A clause is one part of a sentence. In
the sentence we’ve looked at there are
two clauses.
Jo was late for school (Clause 1)
because she forgot to set her alarm.
(Clause 2)

9. 9
What are the clauses called?
The clause which
makes sense on its
own- Jo was late for
school- is called a
MAIN CLAUSE.

10. 10
What are the clauses called?
The clause which doesn’t
make sense on its own-
because she forgot to set
her alarm- is called a
SUBORDINATE CLAUSE.

11. 11
Task 2
Try to re-write the sentence.
This time, start with the information
about the alarm first and end with the
information that Jo was late.

12. 12
Examples
Jo was late for school because she
forgot to set her alarm.
Jo was late for school when she
forgot to set her alarm.
Jo was late for school having
forgotten to set her alarm.

13. 13
Examples
Because she forgot to set her alarm,
Jo was late for school.
When she forgot to set her alarm, Jo
was late for school.
Having forgotten to set her alarm, Jo
was late for school.

14. 14
Examples
Because she forgot to set her alarm,
Jo was late for school.
When she forgot to set her alarm, Jo
was late for school.
Having forgotten to set her alarm, Jo
was late for school.
What do you notice about the difference in punctuation
here?

15. 15
Rule
When beginning a sentence
with a subordinate clause, it
must be separated from the
main clause by a comma.
Because she forgot to set her alarm,
Jo was late for school.

16. 16
Task 3
Rewrite the sentence again. This time:
Start with the word Jo
Then add the information about the
alarm
Then finish with the information about
her being late

17. 17
Examples
Jo was late for school because she
forgot to set her alarm.
Jo was late for school when she
forgot to set her alarm.
Jo was late for school having
forgotten to set her alarm.

18. 18
Examples
Jo, because she forgot to set her
alarm, was late for school.
Jo, when she forgot to set her alarm,
was late for school.
Jo, having forgotten to set her alarm,
was late for school.

19. 19
Examples
Jo, because she forgot to set her
alarm, was late for school.
Jo, when she forgot to set her alarm,
was late for school.
Jo, having forgotten to set her alarm,
was late for school.

20. 20
Examples
Jo, because she forgot to set her
alarm, was late for school.
Jo, when she forgot to set her alarm,
was late for school.
Jo, having forgotten to set her alarm,
was late for school.

21. 21
Examples
Jo, because she forgot to set her
alarm, was late for school.
Jo, when she forgot to set her alarm,
was late for school.
Jo, having forgotten to set her alarm,
was late for school.

22. 22
Rule
When using a subordinate clause to
split up a main clause, it must be
separated on both sides by commas.
Jo, because she forgot to set her
alarm, was late for school.

23. 23
Task 4
The teacher looked up crossly.
John walked in late.
How many varieties of sentence can you
create using these two clauses?