Clinical features of gingiva

1. Clinical features of G ingiva submitted to :- submitted by :- Nadia dhiman B ds 3 rd prof

2. INTRODUCTION Gingiva is part of oral mucosa that covers the alveolar processes of jaws and surrounds the neck of the tissue . Composed of thin outer epithelium and underlying connective tissue . Consist of four anatomical portions – G ingival sulcus , Free gingiva , Interdental gingiva and attached gingiva .

3. Texture of G ingiva – healthy gums have stippled ,translucent appearance. - orange peel appearance .

4. Colour of Gingiva -coral pink -depends on the thickness and degree of keratinization of epithelium, blood flow to gingiva ,disease and medication ,natural pigmentation. Contour of G ingiva -scalloped and knife edge margin . Size of G ingiva - correspong with sum total of the bulk of cellular and intercellular elements and their vascular supply.

5. ANATOMIC LANDMARKS OF THE GINGIVA

6. GINGIVAL SULCUS Its a V shaped notch . Bounded by surface of tooth on one side and epithelium lining the free margin of gingiva on the other side. Clinical evaluation used to determine the depth of gingival sulcus is throw metallic instrument called peridontal probe

7. Probing or clinical probing depth is depth of penetration of probe and it is 2-3mm in normal gingival sulcus in humans . In histological section depth is 1.8mm with variation from 0-6mm.

8. MARGINAL GINGIVA Also called as free or unattached gingiva . Surrounds the tooth in collarlike / cufflike manner. Characteristic – fits closely around but not directly attached to the tooth-also form soft tissue wall of the gingival sulcus . It is 1mm wide .

9. Free Gingiva is demarcated from adjacent attached gingiva by shallow linear depression that follows the Contour of the tooth called ‘ marginal groove ’. it can be separated from tooth surface by peridontal probe .

10. ATTACHED GINGIVA Part of gingiva tightly connected to periosteum of alveolar bone . Lies between the two movable tissue . Colour - pale -pigmented in dark skinned individuals.

11. Width - widest in incisor and molar region and narrowest in premolar region . Premolar= maxilla-1.9mm mandible-1.8mm.

12. INTERDENTAL GINGIVA It occu pies the gingival embrasure . Gingival embrasure is the interproximal space beneath the area of tooth contact .

13. It is of two shape pyramidal and ‘’ col ’’ shape . ‘’ col ’’ is a valley like depression that connects a facial and lingual papilla .

14. ‘’ col ’’ in various types of contacts . The shape of interdental gingiva depends on the contact point between the two adjoining teeth and presence or absence of some degree of recession .

15. Interdental col in normal gingiva – mandibular anterior segment,facial and buccolingual views. Interdental col after gingival recession.

16. I n diastema,the gingiva is firmly bound over the interdental bone and the interdental papilla will be absent.

17. TH THANK YOU