Club foot

2. It is a common birth defect, occurring
in about one in every 1,000 live births.
 Approximately 50% of cases of
clubfoot are bilateral.
 This occurs in males more often than
in females by a ratio of 2:1.
Main cause is the result of arrested or
anomalous development in utero.

3. Clubfoot is a condition in which
one or both feet are twisted into an
abnormal position at birth. The
condition is also known as talipes
or talipes equinovarus.

4. The cause of clubfoot isn't known
(idiopathic).
family history .
Abnormal position and restricted
movements in uterus.

5. Talipes varus
Talipes valgus
Talipes equinovarus
Talipes calcaneovalgus
Talipes calcaneovarus
Talipes equinovalgus

8. Ante-natal ultrasound scan.
After birth it can be detected by
means of looking at the shape
and position of the foot.
X-ray

10. Application of
cast

11. Use of Denis
Browne splint

12. Special club foot shoes
Observation for reoccurrence
deformity.

13. For releasing tight ligaments
or to lengthen the tendon.

14. Assessment
Manipulation of the foot.
Care of infant in Denis Browne splint
Care of infant in a cast

16. Most common congenital
malformation.
It occur about 1 in 750 live birth.
Caused by various degree of
displacement of the femoral head
from the acetabulum.

17. A hip dislocation occurs when the
femoral head--the ball portion of
the hip joint--leaves the pelvic
socket.

18. 1.Acetabulum dysplacia
2.Subluxation
3.Dislocation

20. Hereditary factor
Fetal position
Extra uterine compression
Breech presentation
Neurological disorder

21. Physical examination
Ortolani maneuver and the Barlow
maneuver.
Allis ‘s sign
 ultrasound and X-ray.
MRI

23. baby wearing a Bock harness
Diagram of Pavlik harness
Diagram of Frejka pillow
Traction

24. ]


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30. Fracture is defined as any
breakage to the bone
continuity due to
accident and child
abused .

31. Falling
Climbing
Struck by moving objects
Accidental injuries
Child abuse
Blowing , punching during play

32. Physical assessment
Bone continuity
Pain
Swelling
Open or close injury
X-ray

34. Swelling
Bruising
4 p’s
1.Pain
2.Pulse
3.Paraesthesia
4.Paralysis
Breakage of bone continuity

35. Goals
To restore the fracture fragment to
their normal position.(reduction)
To maintain the bone fragment in place
until healing occur. (immobilization)
To help the children to regain normal
function. (rehabilitation)

36. Closed reduction
Traction
Open reduction

37. Bandage
Cast
Splint
Continue traction
Pins
Plaster cast
Internal fixation include
Plates ,Screw ,Rods

38. Provide every information to the
parents.
Encourage the child for play .
Maintain position of fractured part.
Provide analgesics when required .
Prevention of respiratory ,
circulatory , neurologic disturbance .

39. Maintain body temperature.
Maintain skin integrity.
Promotion of muscle activity.
Provision of comfort measures
Prevention of urinary stasis and
constipation.
Health education.
Follow up health education.