Club foot

Club Foot

1. GOOD AFTER NOONNNNNNNNNN

2. Club Foot

3. INTRODUCTION
Clubfootiswhenthefootturnsinwardand
downward.
Itisacongenitalcondition,whichmeansitis
presentatbirth.
Clubfootisthemostcommoncongenitaldisorder
ofthelegs.
Itcanrangefrommildandflexibletosevereand
rigid.

4. •Thecauseisnotknown,buttheconditionmay
bepasseddownthroughfamiliesinsomecases.
•Riskfactorsincludeafamilyhistoryofthe
disorder.
•Theconditionoccursinabout1outofevery
1,000livebirths.

5. AClubfootisafoothasbeentwistedoutofits
normalshapeorpositioninuteroandisFixed.
MeaningthatitCannotmovedtoanovercorrected
position.
Talipes–footandankle
Varus-bendinginwards
valgus-bendingoutwords
Equinus-thetoesarelowerthantheheel
Calcaneus-thetoesareupperthantheheel

6. Themostcommonofthetalipesiswhatis
knownas"talipesequinovarus"-itisso
commonthatthewordclubfootiscommonly
usedtorefertothis.
Intalipesequinovarus,thechildisbornwith
thefootpointingdownandtwistedinwardsat
theankle.

10. FREQEUNCY:
1 case per 1000 live births
male-to-female ratio is 2:1.
Bilateral involvement is found in 30-50% of cases
10% chance of a subsequent child being affected if
the parents already have a child with a clubfoot

11. ETIOLOGY:
•The true etiology of congenital clubfoot is unknown.
•Most infants who have clubfoot have no identifiable genetic,
syndromal, or extrinsic cause.
•Extrinsic associations include teratogenic agents (e.g.,
sodium aminopterin), oligohydraminous and congenital .
•Primary arrest of anomalous development of the foot in
fetal life.

12. Intrauterinemalpositionfoetalfootduetoless
aminoticfluid
Defectiveneuromusculardeveloment
Achilestendon.

13. CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS:
Clubfoot is usually noticed by the doctor at birth.
The foot is turning inwards at the ankle and points
down.
The achilles tendon is tight.
The front half of the foot is turned inward, giving the
foot a kidney bean shape.

15. DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATIONS:
Historycollection
physicalexamination.
Footx-raymaybedone:Radiographsshowthe
truegaininfoot(ankle)dorsiflexionandconfirm
theappearanceofaniatrogenicrockerbottom
footshouldoneresult.Occasionally,radiographs
arenecessarytodiagnoseclubfeetassociated
withtibialhemimelias.
Imagingstudies

16. Tomaintainthebodypartinasanormalas
possible
Manipulationofthefoot
CareofaninfantinaDenisBrownesplint
Careofaninfantorchildinacast.
Parenteducation

17. Manipulationofthefoot:
Iftheparentsaretomanipulatethefoot,theyshould
betaughttheprocedureandsupervisedinpractice
untiltheycandocorrectly.
CareofaninfantinaDenisBrowneSplint

18. Care of an infant or child in a cast.
Theuseofcastsonaninfantwhohasclubfoot
encouragegradualstretchingoftightmusclesand
contractionofpreviouslyrelaxedmuscleuntilaposition
ofovercorrectionhasbeenreached.
Thecastsmayhavetobechangedevery1-2weeks.
Aftertheclubfootiscorrectedthepositionofthefootis
maintainedthroughtheuseofspecialclubfootshoes.

19. Complications of manipulation treatment.
Rockerbottom foot.

20. PROGNOSIS:
Approximately50%ofclubfootinnewbornscan
becorrectednonoperatively
Recurrenceratesofdeformitywerereportedat
around25%,witharangeof10-50%.

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