Cocoon marketing

sericulture cocoon marketing
types of markets

1. TOPIC Cocoon marketing

2. SERICULTURE Sericulture is the cultivation of silk through rearing of silkworm. It is an agro-based industry. It involves the raising of food plants for silkworm, rearing of silkworm for production of cocoons, reeling and spinning of cocoon for production of yarn etc.

3. COCOON MARKETING The harvested cocoons have to be marketed as early as possible before the moths emerge from them. This is a vsery crucial step and needs efficient management. Information about the nearby cocoon markets, the marketing day and the mode of transport of the cocoons to that place have to be obtained and planning has to be done. A knowledge of the marketing operations is essential to fetch a fair price for the cocoons.

4. MARKETING IN SERICULTURE In sericulture we are usually having two types of cocoon markets:- Seed cocoon market. Commercial cocoon market:- Dry cocoon market Green cocoon market

5. Seed cocoon market It takes place usually in commercial grainages where hybrid seeds are produced. The department of sericulture has identified certain areas which are called P1 or seed cocoon producing areas. The silkworm rearers present in such areas are also called as P1 rearers. These rearers are highly trained in rearing pure breeds of silkworms and they produce cocoon which are also called as P1 cocoons. No hybrid rearings are allowed in such P1 areas. The seed for P1 rearing in these areas is sent/produced in different P2 stations are called basic seed stations. Usually in the first week of june when this P1 rearing finishes and seed cocoons or P1 cocoons are ready for transportation to various grainages where hybrid seed is to be produced.

6. C ontinued…. A small calender for these limited no.of seed areas is drawn by the department and on each date a known quantity of cocoon is transported from these areas to the nearest grainages. The government of J&K has fixed a price of Rs.100/kg of seed cocoon as against Rs.70/kg for commercial cocoons. These cocoons are weighed and stored in different trays in the grainages and the payment due to these farmers for their produce is made on the spot.

7. COMMERCIAL COCOON MARKET GREEN COCOON MARKET In J&K, the green cocoon market for commercial cocoons takes place for a limited quantity. Just after finishing the commercial rearing this type of market takes place in certain rearing areas where green cocoons are purchased by certain reelers. The reelers or buyers who desire to buy green commercial cocoon inform the department of sericulture prior to the culmination of spring rearing.

8. They also inform about the quantity and nature of hybrid for which they are interested to purchase as green commercial cocoon, accordingly the department organises a meet between the buyers and the producers i.e. rearers for sale/purchase of these green cocoons. Usually some of the farmers prefer to sell their produce or cocoons in green cocoon market rather than to wait 2-3 months for dry cocoon market. The buyers make on the spot payment to the rearers on the basis of on spot negotiation of price.

9. Dry cocoon market Dry cocoon market usually takes place in the month of august/September in the valley and in the month of june/July in the Jammu province. After finishing the commercial rearing the rearers dry these cocoons under various methods like sun drying, black cloth sun drying and in hot air dryers so that the pupa inside it gets killed and the moisture is also removed so that no fungal attack could take place in these cocoons. After drying these cocoons, the rearers store them in loose gunny bags for a period of more than 2-3 months, preferably keep hanging with a roof on the ceiling so that the rodents or rats may not drainage them. At the start of dry cocoon market a calender is issued by the department of sericulture which is called “cocoon marketing calender”. It contains various details like the name of the district/market where auction will be done and the approximate quantity of cocoons to be auctioned in each cocoon market and officers Incharge of the cocoon market along with their phone numbers.

10. These markets are established at each district headquarter for few days. Accordingly the commercial cocoon rearers are informed about the marketing calender so that they bring their cocoons to the market on a particular date. various facilities like weighing, grading purpose. Usually the grading takes place on the basis of shell weight and shell ratio percentage but usually the main method of grading is no.of cocoons/kg. if a lot has 1800-2100 cocoons/kg it is designated as A-grade lot and more the no. of cocoons i.e. up to 2400 it is graded as B and similarly more than 2400 it is designated as C-grade cocoon. Sometimes the reelers asses the lots by using the calculated renditta technique.

11. The govt. has fixed as floor price of Rs. 210/kg of dry cocoon but recently it has been revised upto Rs. 500/kg. The auction/bidding of these lots takes place on the spot and various buyers participate in the auction. The highest bidder purchase the lot and makes the payment to the authorities, the authorities in turn make payment to the concerned rearer for the no. of kgs of cocoon sold. Various facilities are given to the rearers in the market like drinking water, shelter for night, utensils for cooking etc. ,incase they are not able to sell their produce on the same day. The rearers who are not willing to sell their produce on the rate which they get in the auction, they are given a chance once again for the next auction.

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