Cogualation Profile and Bleedind disorder.pptx

Coagulation profile and bleeding disorders is only for medical or a patients health purposes,its just a simple idea about Medical laboratory test.

1. Coagulation Profile and Bleeding disorders Monnaf Ali Msc in OTAT 1 st Sem

2. COAGULATION PROFILE Introduction: A coagulation profile perform to control blood clotting function before any surgical procedures which may causes bleeding. The coagulation profile consists of a number of following _ a) aPTT (Activate partial thromboplastin time) b) BT (Bleeding time) c) CT (Clotting Time) d) PT (Prothrombin time) e) TT ( Thrombin time) f) Platelet count

3. a) aPTT(Activated partial thromboplastin time): Principle Plasma is incubated at 37 degree C then Cephaloplastin solution are added. After that addition of calcium initiate clotting and the time is started. The aPTT time taken from the addition of calcium to the formation of fibrin in clot. Normal value- 25 to 40 second.

4. b) BT (Bleeding time)- Bleeding time measures the time it takes for bleeding to stop after a small puncture to the blood vessel. Normal value- 2 to 9 minutes. Methods of determination of bleeding time- Duke methods Ivy Methods

5. i ) Duke methods:

6. ii) Ivy Methods:

7. c) CT (Clotting time): Clotting time is defined as time interval between puncture to the blood vessel to the formation of the fibrin thread. Methods of determination of clotting time- Capillary tube method and Lee-white method

8. i ) Capillary tube method: Normal Value- 5 to 15 minutes

9. ii) Lee-white method: Principle Venous blood is collected in clean glass tube without any anticoagulant. The time taken blood to clot at 37 degree celsius is noted as clotting time. Normal value- 5 to 12 minutes. d) PT (Prothrombin time): Principle A preparation PT test (which contains tissue thromboplastin) is added to plasma in the presence of calcium and the clotting time is recorded after the addition of thromboplastin to the plasma. Normal value- 12 to 16 seconds.

10. e) TT(Thrombin time): Principle It’s measures the time it takes for blood to clot after adding thrombin and the clotting time is determined. Norman value- 15 to 20 seconds . f) Platelet count: A platelet count is a lab test to measure how many platelets you have in your blood. Platelets are particles in the blood that help the blood clot. They are smaller than red or white blood cells. Normal value:1.5 lacks to 4.5 lacks microliter.

11. Bleeding Disorders Introductions: Bleeding disorders are a group of condition in which there in a problem with the body’s blood clotting process. These disorders can lead to heavy and prolonged bleeding after an injury or surgery. Bleeding can also being on it’s own and may be difficult to stop.

12. Types of bleeding disorders: ( i ) Hemophilia A (ii) Hemophilia B (iii) Von Willebrand disease (iv) Platelet Disorders ( i ) Hemophilia A: Hemophilia A is a genetic disorder that affects blood clotting. It’s caused by a deficiency or dysfunction of Factor VII, a crucial protein in the blood coagulation process. Hemophilia A is an X-linked recessive disorders and it’s passed down from a mother to son.

13. (ii) Hemophilia B: Hemophilia B ,also known as christmas Disease, is a genetic disorder that affects blood clotting. It’s caused by a deficiency or dysfunction of Factor IX, a protein essential for blood coagulation Hemophilia B is an X-linked recessive disorder, that’s similar to Hemophilia A.

14. (iii) Von Willebrand Disease(VWD): Von Willebrand Disease(VWD) is a genetic disorder that affect of blood clotting, characterized by a deficiency or dysfunction of Von Willebrand factor (VWD). Von Willebrand Disease(VWD) is usually affecting in both males and females equally. (iv) Platelet Disorders: Platelet disorders refer to conditions affecting platelet number , function or both . Platelet are blood cells essential for clotting and stopping bleeding. Thrombocytopenia- Low platelet count less than 1.5 lacks Microlitter. Thrombocytosis- High platelet count more than 4.5lacks Microliter.

15. Symptoms of bleeding disorder: Prolonged bleeding from cuts,injuries or surgery nosebleeds Heavy menstrual bleeding small red spots on the skin Large purple on the skin Joint pain or swelling Easy bruising