Coleus forskohlii Medicinal plant

Created by Rahul Chandera
Edited by Ajay Solanki

1. Name : Rahul Chandera Roll No. 67 Reg no. 3010117016 Submitted to : Prof. Jalpa Dobaria Department of Medicinal and Aromatic plants Research Station B.A. College of Agriculture , Anand

2. Topic Coleus Forskohlii

3. Content of presentation Introduction Traditional use of coleus forskohlii in various countries Cultural Practices Soil and climate Propagation (seedling) Time of sowing, spacing, planting material Application of FYM and fertilizers Irrigation Insect pests and Diseases Harvesting, Storage Yields Extraction and separation of Forskohlii Use of coleus forskohlii Different Product of Coleus Forskohlii References

4. Introduction Botanical name: coleus forskohlii Common name: garmer Family: lamiaceae (mint family)

5. Cont… Coleus forskohlii is a perennial, branched, aromatic herb, It is a herbaceous plant with a thick and perennial rootstalk. The stems grow up to 1-2 feet and become decumbent, when grown larger
The roots are fasciculate, thick, succulent, and contain the unique chemical forskolin . There are about 300 species of Coleus. But it is only the species Coleus forskohlii that contains the diterpene , forskolin . It is called Gandhamulika in Sanskrit, Pashanbhed in Hindi, garmar ( garmel ) in hindi The genus Coleus was first described by the Portuguese naturalist, João de Loureiro (1717-1791). The generic name is derived from the Greek word Coleos , meaning “sheath”. The specific name is given in honor of the Swedish taxonomist Pehr Forsskål

6. Cont…

7. Traditional use of coleus forskohlii in various countries Coleus forskohlii is an important plant in Indian Ayurvedic medicine. It is the only source for forskolin among the plant kingdom. Forskolin has a unique property of activating almost all hormone sensitive adenylate cyclase enzymes in a biological system. In India the roots are traditionally used in the preparation of pickles. In Kenya it is used in the treatment of stomachache and as a purgative, for nausea7and in Brazil for gastritis and intestinal spasms . In Kenya and the Democratic Republic of Congo, the plant is used in the treatment of wounds and ringworms In Yemen its leaves are cooked as vegetable

8. Commercial Cultivation of Coleus forskohlii Soil Coleus forskohlii thrives well in porous and well-drained soils having a pH range of 5.5-7. It is cultivated widely in many parts of India, up to an altitude of 2400 metres . As it does not require very fertile soils, it can be grown with less expense in soils with marginal fertility. Experience shows that red, sandy loam is the ideal soil.

9. Propagation (Seedlings) The plant can be propagated both from seeds and stem cuttings. Raising seedlings from seeds is a difficult process, as the viability of seeds is poor (8-10%). This method should be adopted only for breeding new varieties. For mass propagation of the plant, stem cuttings are found to be ideal. Generally, 10-12 cm long stem cuttings, consisting of 3-4 pairs of leaves, are planted in well-prepared nursery beds. The seedlings should be looked after well and watering should be regular.
The cuttings develop roots within a week. The young plants should be transplanted to the main field,
in about a month, when they will have developed sufficient number of roots.

10. Time of sowing, spacing and planting metterial In most of the areas, Coleus forskohlii is planted during June-July, when the south-west monsoon sets in
The field is prepared into ridges and furrows, at a spacing of 60 cm. The rooted cuttings are planted 20 cm apart in a row. About 28,000 rooted cuttings are required for planting in a hectare

11. Application of FYM and fertilizers Apply10 tone/ ha Fym Coleus forskohlii responds well to the application of N, P and K. A combination of 40 kg of N, 60 kg of P2O5 and 50 kg of KO2/hectare Half the dose of N, the whole of P and the entire K is to be applied as basal dose, followed by the remaining half of N, 30 days after planting, as top-dressing. It is found to be optimum for getting maximum fresh (120 t/hectare) and dry (40 t/hectare) yield of tubers.

12. Irrigation The first irrigation should be given immediately after transplanting. This can be avoided if there are rains during the period. Thereafter, the crop should be irrigated once in three days, for two weeks after transplanting. Only weekly irrigation is required afterwards. Good growth of plants and yield of tubers can be ensured thus. Weeding Because of the availability of good amount of water in the fields, there is intense competition from weeds. Frequent weeding is required in the early days to encourage growth of the young pants.

13. Pest The common pests of Coleus forskohlii are leaf-eating caterpillars and root-knot nematodes. The caterpillars can be controlled by spraying the plants and drenching their roots with 0.1% methyl parathion.

14. Nametode control 1 .Crop rotation with Sorghum and Maize can be maintained
2. Planting of marigold along the sides of channels control nematode population
3. Apply 200 kg/ha of neem cake before
The nematodes can be controlled by the application of carbofuran granules in the soil, a the rate of 20 kg/hectare.

15. Disease Bacterial wilt is the most important disease attacking Coleus forskohlii plants. This is caused by the soil-borne pathogens Fusarium chlamydosporum , Rhizoctonia bataticola and Sclerotium rolfsii . Wilt by Fusarium chlamydosporum is characterized by gradual yellowing and drying of leaves, followed by loss of vigor and premature defoliation, leading to death of the plants. Roots get discolored and tap roots and lateral roots are destroyed

16. Cont… Roots get discolored and tap roots and lateral roots are destroyedn the case of infection by Rhizoctonia bataticola , infection starts at the collar region of plants and the affected tissues turn into a watery mass. The roots are infected and eventually disintegrate. In advanced stage, the aerial parts also rot When plants are affected by Sclerotium rolfsii . Leaves turn flaccid and drop off, White, fan-shaped mycelia strands creep over the stem and develop small, dark sclerotia on the affected parts. The sclerotia soon turn brown and the plants wither

17. Control Wilt can be controlled by applying farmyard manure (10 t/hectare) and Trichoderma harzianum (25 Kg/hectare). Equally effective is the drenching of soil with carboxin and thiram (0.1 %). These Measures reduce wilt and improve root growth

18. Harvesting Harvest can be done at 5 – 6 months after planting. Harvesting must be done without any damage to the tubers
Fresh tubers : 15 – 20 t/ha. Dry tubers : 2000 – 2200 kg/ha.

19. Cont… Maximum tuber number per plant 12. produced highest fresh and dry mass of tubers (870 g and 88.75 g, respectively) per plant. The harvest index was maximum 45.1%. The forskolin content was estimated using HPLC and was found to vary from 0.025 per cent to 0.798 per cent . Forskolin yield per plant was highest in 85.00 mg.

20. Extraction And Separation of Forskolin Forskolin is extracted from tuber. The tubers are harvested at 75 to 85% moisture level on wet basis and stored at less than 12% moisture after drying. Sun drying required longer period than mechanical drying and recorded the lowest recovery of forskolin . Tubers mechanically dried at 40°C with tuber slice thickness of 0.5 cm and packed in polyethylene lined gunny bag retained the highest amount of forskolin

21. Cont… Different chromatographic methods are employed for quantification of forskolin and gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) method is the first developed method Later, thin layer and high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) methods are employed. HPLC method is found to be more rapid and less sensitive than GLC and used to monitor variation in forskolin content in different germplasm A new and rapid method has been developed to extract forskolin from C. forskohlii variety collected from Nepal. C. forskolii tubers are collected washed and dried.

22. Other method After drying the tubers are pulverized into granules. By using routine methods whole forskolii extracted in crude form using methanol as solvent. Methanol extract is concentrated and chloroform is added to concentrate and equal volume of water is added to the separating funnel and shaked well. Allow to settle and separate the chloroform layer. Repeat the water treatment two to three times and collect chloroform layer. Concentrate the chloroform layer. Precipitate the Forskolin using ice cold n-hexane. A reddish brown to brown colour powder of Forskolin is obtained.

23. Use of coleus forskohlii Treating athma treating cancers
improving heart strength in congestive heart failure
treating glaucoma
lowering blood pressure
stimulating a suntan Also use for weight loss Antioxidant, Antidepressant, Antimicrobial, urinary tract infection

24. Cont… Forskolin is commonly used as a tool in biochemistry to raise levels of cyclic AMP ( cAMP ) in the study and research of cell physiology. cAMP is a second messenger, used for intracellular signal transduction, such as transferring into cells the effects of hormones like glucagon and adrenaline, which cannot pass through the plasma membrane. cyclic AMP leads to a net increase in hepatic glucose production by at least three mechanisms: stimulation of phosphorylase activation, suppression of glycogen synthetase activity, and stimulation of gluconeogenesis . The catecholamines also stimulate adenyl cyclase in muscle and adipose tissue

25. Mechanism of fat breakdown by forskolin

26. Different Product of Coleus Forskohlii Row Material Price :2000 / Quintal

27. 1. Coleus Powser Bixa Botanical Piece : 200 gm/345

28. 2 . Coleus Forskohlii 1oz – 2 pack - Kivla Health Beauty Price : Rs.5999

29. 3. Forshohlii Full Spectum Herb Price : 250 mg / 1756

30. 4. Coleus Forskohlii Plectranthus Barbatus Price : 200 gm /299

31. 5. Nutrija Coleus Forskohlii Price : 60 Capsules

32. References Roy R, Mishra A, Varma N, Tandon JS, Saux M, Carpy A: Minor diterpenes from Coleus forskohlii. Phytochemistry. 1993; 34: 1577-80. 54. Wu M, Lai GF, Jin QD, Xu YL: spectral characteristic property of forskolins (2). Nat. Prod. Res. Dev. 2005; 17 (Suppl.), 17-19: 22. Saksena A.K., Geen M.J., Shue H.J. Identity of colenol with forskolin: structure revision of a base-catalysed rearrangement product. Tetrahedron Lett. 1985; 26, pp. 551-554.12a. Amit A., Murali B. Quality Assessment of Selected Indian Medicinal Plants, NMPB & Natural Remedies Pvt Ltd, Bangalore. 2010; pp. 208-228. And SlideShare