Collection of specimen in children.

Specimen collection

2. It may be defined as a small
quantity of a substance or object
which shows the total qualitative
characteristics

3. To confirm the diagnosis
To provide the appropriate
treatment based on results
To detect the effectiveness of
treatment plan and any
abnormalities

4. Equipment used for specimen
collections should be clean or
sterile
Do not use any antiseptics in
specimen

5. Check the physician order properly
When culture specimen is required the
container should be covered properly with
lid.
Specimen should be always fresh for
laboratory examination
When ever necessary, add the preservatives
to prevent decomposition
Label the specimen as early as possible
Send the specimen with the proper
requisition.

6. Do not misplace the specimen
Use proper size container
Use wide mouth container
Do not contaminate the container
outside with the specimen
Do proper recording

8. Collection of urine for
the therapeutic purposes and sending
the laboratory for test

9. To check the sugar , albumin and pH
To check the specific gravity
To detect the cause of urinary tract
infections to finalize the diagnosis
and recommendation of treatment

10. Tray containing
Sterile cotton swab in bowl soaked
with sterile water
Bowl with dry cotton
Soap and water
Clean towel
Clean sterile or disposable container
Kidney tray

13. Male baby;
Clean the buttocks of the child with
cotton swab soaked in sterile water
Wash the groin , scrotum and penis with
soap and clean water
Dry the area with sterile cotton swab or
clean towel

14. Female baby;
Clean the buttocks, external
genitalia with soap and water
Clean labia minor and major with
sterile cotton balls soaked in sterile
water
Cont……….

15. For female:
Take a square piece of adhesive , cut
an inch at four corners, make a hole
in the centre piece to pass and fix
test tube
Identify urethra and place test tube
over urethra

16. Fix adhesive superiorly over monopolies
inferiorly over perineum, and laterally over
the sides of thigh
Restrain infants leg for safety if necessary
Explain mother about keeping child as still as
possible to prevent injury or displacement of
tube
Cont……….

17. When child voids , remove test tube
gently and empty urine in to
specimen bottle
Label bottle, and wash hand
Record time and purpose for which
the specimen was collected

19. For male:
Take a long narrow strip of
adhesive
Fix tap around test tube
Cont……….

20. Place penis in to clean test tube, cross
ends of adhesive and fix over symphysis
pubis
Restrain infant
explain to mother

34. Defection
it is a collection of small amount
of stool for the therapeutic purposes.

35. To detect the organisms such as -shigela,
salmonella etc.
To find out the abnormal stool
characteristics such as colour , odour ,
consistency and form and composition
etc.

36. Specimen container with wide mouth
Sterile stick or wooden spatula
Bed pans
Pair of gloves
Disposable tissue paper
Waste bin

38. Explain the procedure to the patient
regarding the defecation of stool in bed
pan
Provide the clean sterile specimen
container to patient with spatula, if
able to do.
Give instruction to the patient how to
take the specimen with spatula and
transfer it into the specimen container

39. After collection of specimen in container
, label it properly and send it to the
laboratory for the desired test.
Spatula should be wrapped in tissue in
tissue paper and discard in waste bin
Do the hand washing and dry the hands.
Do the recording and reporting

43. collecting the small amount of
blood in a sterile container / test tubes for
the various therapeutic purpose

44. To measure the blood Hb level , blood urea
, blood glucose, random blood sugar level,
bilirubin level , count of WBC.
To detect the malarial parasites
To check the HIV , hepatitis etc.

45. To find out the abnormal composition of
blood
To aid in confirmation of diagnosis
To check the effectiveness of treatment.
To help in the planning of treatment

46. Specimen container –bottle or test tube.
Tourniquet
Slides
Syringes-5ml
Sterile needle
Spirit soaked cotton swab in a container
Pair of gloves
Adhesive tapes
Kidney tray

52. Explain the procedure to the patient.
Provide the comfortable position sitting
or supine position, young and infant
children can not understand the
procedure , so provide them mummy
restraint
Do the hand washing and wear the
gloves.
Find out vein for puncture

53. Extend the arm , and clenched the first.
Tourniquet should apply at 5 to 15 cm above
the selected sites to obstruct the blood flow
from the vein.
Prepare the skin by cleaning with sprit
Remove the cap of the needle and connect it
with syringe. Insert the needle smoothly into
the vein.

55. If needle is inserted in vein properly blood
come out speedly in syringe
When specimen is collected completely, open
the tourniquet and fist.
At the site of vein puncture , apply cotton
swab and fix with adesive tape or apply

56. Transfer the blood specimen into the
container . Label it and send to lab
Blood smear is required from children clean
the child's tip of finger with spirit, turn the
face of child to one side , press the finger
tip and give a gentle prick with sterile
needle.
All th articles should be cleaned and discard
the waste products.
Replace all the articles.
recording and reporting

59. Name of patient …………………………………
Age of patient ……………………………………
Bed no ……………………ward no. …………………….
OPD/IPD no …………………………………….
Name of specimen ………………………………..
Name of the test done …………………………….
Date of collection of specimen …………………….
Signature of nurse/authority …………………………