Colonial economy

13 Colonies Economy

1. Introduction to notes
•You do not need to
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•BOLD words are
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2. Quick Write 8-16-10
•When starting a new colony, lets say oh the
United States, what do you think as a group
should be your first priority once your group
arrives? Why?

3. Colonial America
A look at the Thirteen Colonies

4. So what is a So what is a
Colony?Colony?
•A colony is a piece of land which is ruled A colony is a piece of land which is ruled
by another by another countrycountry. .
•Most of the time colonies are a long Most of the time colonies are a long
way away from the country that rules way away from the country that rules
them.them.

5. So how do we get a So how do we get a
Colony?Colony?

6. The 13 Colonies in 1750The 13 Colonies in 1750

7. England’s American Colonies
•There were 3 types of Colonies!
•Corporate Colonies- Colonies run
by joint-stock companies.
•Royal Colonies- Colonies under
the direct authority of the king
•Proprietary Colonies- Colonies run
by individuals with authority from
the king.

8. Reasons for Leaving England
•Population increase and depressed
economy left many citizens
unemployed and without property.
•Many English citizens were seeking
religious freedom
•The New World was believed to be a
place where one could practice their
faith and achieve economic success.

9. Jamestown
1607 “The First Colony”
•The Virginia Company was granted a
charter by King James I
•Primary Objective- Trade
•Problems- poor leadership, too many
colonists were following their own
agendas, The Jamestown settlement was
located in a swampy area
•Cash Crop- Tobacco, labor intensive. Many
laborers were needed.

10. Plymouth
1620
•Founded by the Separatists, Puritans
•Seeking Religious freedom
•Strong leadership- Miles Standish and
William Bradford
•Mayflower Compact
•Fish, Timber and furs drove the
economy, early on they stressed living
in community

11. England’s American Colonies
•There were 3 groups of Colonies
too!
•New England
Colonies
•Middle Colonies
•Southern Colonies

12. New England Colonies
•Connecticut
•Massachusetts
•New Hampshire
•Rhode Island

13. Middle Colonies
•Delaware
•New Jersey
•New York
•Pennsylvania

14. Southern Colonies
•Georgia
•Maryland
•North Carolina
•South Carolina
•Virginia

15. Atlantic Slave Trade

16. Capture
•The original capture of
slaves was almost
always violent
•As European demand
grew, African chieftains
organized raiding
parties to seize
individuals from
neighboring societies
•Others launched wars
specifically for the
purpose of capturing
slaves

17. Iron, Metal
goods
Slaves and Gold
Sugar and
Molasses

18. Middle Passage
•Following capture,
slaves were force-
marched to holding
pens before being
loaded on ships
•The trans-Atlantic
journey was called the
“Middle Passage”
•The ships were filthy,
hot, and crowded

19. Middle Passage
•Crews attempted to keep as many slaves
alive as possible to maximize profits, but
treatment was extremely cruel
–Some slaves refused to eat and crew members used
tools to pry open their mouths and force-feed them
–Sick slaves were cast overboard to prevent infection
from spreading

20. Middle Passage
•During the early days of the slave trade,
mortality rates were as high as 50%
•As the volume of trade increased and
conditions improved (bigger ships, more
water, better nourishment and facilities),
mortality eventually declined to about 5%

21. Middle Passage
•Most ships provided slaves with enough room to sit
upright, but not enough to stand
•Others forced slaves to lie in chains with barely 20 inches
space between them

22. The Southern Economy
•Large Plantations
•Agriculture
•Raw materials
•Cash Crops- crops grown mainly to be sold
for a profit
•Tobacco, rice, and indigo

23. The Southern Economy
•Plantations required a
good amount of work
•By the 1700’s
enslaved Africans
were the main work
force
•Slave Codes- laws to
control the slaves

24. The New England Colonies
•Had harsh environment, rocky soil
•Crops were hard to grow
•No big plantations, no need for many slaves
•Used own labor

25. The New England Colonies
•Fishing
•Timber
•Shipbuilding
•Ship ports became the center of the economy
•Trade of goods

26. The Middle Colonies
•Is a mix of commerce and agriculture
•Good land for farming
•Long growing season
•Grew staple crops- crops that are always in
demand
•Wheat, barley, and oats
•Also raise live stock

27. The Middles Colonies
•Made use of Slavery
•Indentured Servants- people contracted to
work for set amount of time, then free
•Good shipping ports
•New York and Boston