Commands of DML in SQL

1. COMMANDS OF DML(DATA MANIPULATION LANGUAGE) RELATIONAL DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

2. INTRODUCTION SQL commands are instructions used to communicate with the database to perform specific task that work with data. SQL commands can be used not only for searching the database but also to perform various other functions for example, you can create tables, add data to tables, or modify data, drop the table, set permissions for users.

3. DATA MANIPULATION LANGUAGE A  DATA MANIPULATION LANGUAGE  ( DML ) is a set of syntax that contains SQL commands that are used for storing, retrieving, modifying, and deleting data . These commands are: SELECT INSERT UPDATE DELETE.

4. SELECT COMMAND USE Select command is used to view records from the table. To view all columns and all rows * can be specified with select statement. If user needs to view only certain fields or columns, then by specifying the names of those certain fields, columns user can acquire its output. SYNTAX SELECT * from table_name . SELECT < Column_name > from table_name .

5. TABLE T QUERY RESULT C1 C2 SELECT * FROM T; C1 C2 1 a 1 a 2 b 2 b C1 C2 SELECT C1 FROM T; C1 1 a 1 2 b 2 C1 C2 SELECT * FROM T WHERE C1 =1; C1 C2 1 a 1 a 2 b EXAMPLE

6. DELETE COMMAND USE Delete command is used to delete records in the table. In SQL, Delete is used to delete rows in the table. It is possible to delete all rows in a table without deleting the table. This means that table structure, attributes and indexes will be intact. NOTE Be very careful when deleting records, you cannot undo this statement.

7. SYNTAX DELETE * from table_name [WHERE CONDITION] (if where condition is not used  all rows in the table are removed) EXAMPLE DELETE from customer WHERE CustomerName=‘Anil Khade’ AND ContactName=‘Vikrant Kedare’

8. TABLE NAME: person Sr no. P_id p_name 1 120 Jack 2 121 Rose 3 122 Ram 4 123 Sita If you want to delete row 1 then, DELETE * person WHERE p_name =‘Jack’; 1 st Row will be deleted. Sr no. p_id p_name 2 121 Rose 3 122 Ram 4 123 Sita EXAMPLE

9. UPDATE COMMAND USE An SQL  UPDATE  statement changes the data of one or more records in a table. Either all the rows can be updated, or a subset may be chosen using a condition. SYNTAX UPDATE   table_name   SET   column_name  =  value  [,  column_name  =  value ... ] [ WHERE   condition ] EXAMPLE UPDATE employee SET location ='Mysore'  WHERE id = 101; 

10. Table Name: person p_id p_name 1 121 Jack 2 122 Rose 3 123 Ram If you want to update row 1 then, UPDATE person SET p_name =‘ Sita ’ WHERE id = 121;  p_id p_name 1 121 Sita 2 122 Rose 3 123 Ram EXAMPLE

11. INSERT COMMAND USE An SQL  INSERT  statement adds one or more records to any single table in a relational database. SYNTAX INSERT INTO table_name   VALUES (value1, value2, value3,... valueN ); EXAMPLE INSERT INTO person VALUES (124, ‘ Laxman ’);

12. Table Name:person p_id p_name 1 121 Jack 2 122 Rose 3 123 Ram If you want to insert data in 4 th row then, INSERT INTO person Values(124, ‘ Sita ’); p_id p_name 1 121 Jack 2 122 Rose 3 123 Ram 4 124 Sita EXAMPLE

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