Common Iliac Artery Anatomy.pptx

Common illiac artery

1. The common iliac artery (a. iliaca communis ). The right and left arteries are two end branches into which the aorta divides at the level of the L4 vertebra. The division occurs slightly to the left of the midline, as a result of which the right common iliac artery is 6-7mm longer than the left artery. From the site of the bifurcation ( bifurcatio aortae), the common iliac arteries diverge at an acute angle (approximately 60 degrees in males and 68-70 degrees in females due to the wider female pelvis) and pass downward and laterally to the sacroiliac joint. Each artery divides into two end branches; the internal iliac artery (a. iliac interna ), supplying the walls and organs of the pelvis with blood, and the external iliac artery (a. iliaca externa), serving mainly the lower limb.

2. THE INTERNAL ILIAC ARTERY The internal iliac artery (a. iliac interna ), arising from the distal end of the common iliac artery at the level of the sacroiliac joint, descends into the true pelvis and extends to the superior edge of the greater sciatic foramen. Its division into parietal and visceral branches is marked by wide individual variation

3. The parietal branches of the internal iliac artery 1. The iliolumbar artery (a. iliolumbalis ) 2. The lateral sacral artery (a. sacralis lateralis) 3. The superior gluteal artery (a. glutea superior) 4. The obturator artery (a. obturatoria ) 5. The inferior gluteal artery (a. glutea inferior) The visceral branches of the internal iliac aretry The umbilical artery (a. umbilicalis ) The ureteric branches (rami ureteric) The superior and inferior vesical arteries (aa. Vesicales superior and inferior) The artery of vas deferens (a. ductis deferentis ) The uterine artery (a. uterina ) (in females) The middle rectal artery (a. rectalis media) The internal pudendal artery (a. pudenda interna )

4. THE EXTERNAL ILIAC ARTERY The external iliac artery (a. iliaca axterna ), beginning at the level of the sacroiliac joint, stretches down and forward along the medial edge of m. psoas to the inguinal ligament when it passes from under this ligament onto the femur, it is called the femoral artery. Besides small branches to m. psoas, a. iliaca externa gives rise to two large branches, which originate very near the inguinal ligament.

5. The inferior epiagstric artery (a. epigastrica inferior) passes medially and then upward, between the fascia transversalis in front and the peritoneum parietale in back (the plica umbilicalis lateralis is located in its fold), and enters the sheath of the rectus abdominalis muscle. It then leades upward along the posterior surface of the muscle where its branches anastomoses with a. epigastrica superior (from a. thoracia interna ). It is beginning segment it bends aroubd the medial edge of the deep orifice of the lingual canal, at which point it gives off two branches: (a) the ramus pubicus to the symphysis pubica , which anastomoses with a. obturatoria ; and (b) a. cremasterica , which leads to m. cremaster and the testis; The deep circumflex iliac arery (a. circumflexa ilium profunda), bending around the iliac bone, passes parallel to the inguinal ligament toward the iliac crest posteriorly, supplying m. transversus and the iliac muscle with blood.

6. The Femoral Artery The femoral artery (a. femoralis ) is a continuation of the trunk of the external iliac artery, so called because it passes under the inguinal ligament through the lacuna vasorum near the middle of theis ligament. To stop bleeding at the femoral artery, the artery is compressed at the site where it exit onto the femur to the os pubis. Medially from the femoral artery is the femoral vein, with which the artery passes to the femoral triangle, proceeding first into the sulcus illiopectineus and then into the sulcus femoralis anterior and penatrating further through the canalis adductorius into the popliteal fossa where it continues in a. poplitea .

7. The branches of a. femoralis