COMMON NEWBORN DERMATOSES . p p t x

Common new born dermatoses

1. COMMON NEWBORN DERMATOSES Dr.KEERTHANA SREE VELUMANI

2. ERYTHEMA TOXICUM NEONATORUM Present at 1-3 days of life Increased eosinophils & macrophages activity Last for 1-2 weeks of life No treatment required

3. TRANSIENT NEONTAL PUSTULAR MELANOSIS Present at birth 3 phase Increased Neutrophils No treatment

4. EOSINOPHILIC PUSTULAR FOLLICULITIS Vesiculopustular eruption 1 st day after birth Eosinophils follicular infiltrates Persist for days – weeks Rx- Emollients, Topical corticosteroid & antihistamine.

5. ACROPUSTULOSISOF INFANCY Present at < 1year Pustules filled with neutrophils & eosinophils Persist for around week & then resolve

6. MILIA Tiny , white monomorphic papules Longer gestation & infant born to multigravida Keratinocytes debris Resolve spontaneously over several months

7. MILIARIA Present at 1-2week Due to obstruction of eccrine duct Multiple varient - Miliaria Crystallina Miliaria rubra Miliaria profunda Rx- No treatment

8. EPSTEIN PEARLS Single / clustered 1-2mm smooth white- yellow papules Found on palate midline junction between hard & soft palate. Persist for several weeks – months after birth Rx – No treatment

9. BOHN NODULES Inclusion cysts Originates from remnant of salivary gland Often mistaken for natal teeth Found on alveolar ridge, mostly in maxillary region

10. SEBACEOUS HYPERPLASIA Occur secondary to maternal androgens – stimulates sebaceous gland in utero Around nose & upper lip Regular , smooth white- yellow group around follicles Resolve in 1 st week of life

11. NEONATAL ACNE 1 st 30 day after birth Erythematous papules& pustules on cheeks, chin & forehead Neutrophils predominance Malassezia colonization Months to resolve Rx- N treatment

12. SEBORRHEIC DERMATITIS Irregular salmon pink patch with waxy scaling Appears on 2-4:weeks Malassezia overgrowth Resolve by 1yr of age Rx-Topical antifungal & topical steroids

13. ATOPIC DERMATITIS Chronic , relapsing condition with cutaneous manifestation & atopic condition Check , neck, flexural fold, wrist, ankle Erythema , scaling, lichenification & excoriation Defect in skin barrier function& immune alteration Increased risk preterm birth/decreased B.wt

14. DIAPER DERMATITIS Erythematous rash over convex surface( buttock , lower abdomen, thighs) Prolonged exposure to moisture, friction & irritants 2° infection – Candida albicans KOH Prep- confirm Candida (budding yeast)

15. HARLEQUIN COLOR CHANGE Transient Sharp color demarcation – half red & half pale. Immature hypothalamic control of blood vessel No treatment required

16. SUBCUTANEOUS FAT NECROSIS Present around 1 st several weeks after birth(full term) Single/multiple, tender nodules & plaque- form & dusky reddish purple hue. Infiltration with multinucleated giant cells& damaged lipocytes Rx- self limited & monitor Calcium level

17. CUTIS MARMORATA Net like violaceous reticular blanching pattern Exaggerated with cooling & resolve with warming Transient shift in skin blood flow Resolve by 1 month of age Persist > 1 Month – ass.with Down syndrome, Trisomy 18, Cornelian de Lange syndrome

18. DERMAL MELANOCYTOSIS Deep blue to grey pigmented macules& patches Ass.with IEM& Vascular nevus Increased no of dermal melanocytes Resolves in 1 year

19. APLASIA CUTIS CONGENTIA On scalp – isolated lesion Hair collar sign Increased risk of neurodevelopment abnormalities Etiology – intrauterine trauma, intrauterine infection, vascular abnormalities, maternal medications. Heal without intervention but scarring(+)