Common Nursery Diseases occurring in plants.pptx

nursery diseases

1. Dr Bhimrao Ambedkar University Agra ( Khandari ) Assignment on Nursery Diseases SUBMITTED BY – Baldiwakar Mishra MSc Forestry - 2021 SUBMITTED TO – Dr P K Varshney Department of Forestry School of Life Sciences

2. Nursery Diseases DAMPING OFF WILT DISEASE CHARCOAL ROOT ROT COLLAR ROT SHOOT DISEASES (POWDERY MILDEW, TWIG BLIGHT, FOLIAR DISEASES) Seed and Seedling DIseases

3. Damping off Seedlings are affected by fungi belonging to Phytopthora , Pythium, Rhizoctonia and Fusarium. Most common disease of nursery. These fungi cause root rotting and ultimately death. Treatment 38% Formalin dissolved in water and applied in soil 8-10 days before seed sowing. Uses of chemicals such as Bavistin (0.1%), Captan (0.2%), Thiride , Zineb etc.

4. Damping off

5. Wilt disease This disease occur in high moisture conditions. The pathogen Fusarium solani , F. oxysporum infects root and checks xylem vessels resulting in yellowing of leaves. Commonly occur in Acacia nilotica , A. tortilis , Azadirachta indica and Dalbergia sissoo . Treatment Disease can be controlled by adopting proper silvicultural practices or drenching the soil with Dithane z-78 (0.2%) or Bavistin (0.1%) at monthly intervals.

6. Wilt disease in Dalbergia sissoo

7. Charcoal root rot Causes severe losses in Eucalyptus, Casuarina equisetifolia , Acacia nilotica , Prosopis juliflora etc. The pathogen ( Rhizoctonia bataticola ) is soil borne and becomes active in dry and hot climatic conditions. Treatment Controlled by Dithane M-45 or Bavistin at regular intervals.

8. Charcoal Root Rot

9. Collar rot The fungus is air borne and infects in collar region. Botryodiplodia theobromae causes root-rot in Acacia nilotica and Prosopis spp in South India and Rajasthan. This disease is prevalent in dry conditions. Treatment This disease can be controlled by drenching the soil with Dithane-z-78 (0.2%).

10. Collar rot

11. Powdery mildew This disease is caused by Uncinula spp . Most commonly reported in Tectona grandis, Azadirachta indica, Tamarindus indica, Cassia siamea etc . White chalky appearance can be observed on the upper surface of leaves which spreads through spores very rapidly on healthy leaves and finally the leaves dry up. Treatment The disease can be controlled by sulphur based fungicides or Calixin (0.1%)

12. Powdery mildew in Tectona grandis

13. Twig blight The pathogens Diplidia spp , Pestalotia spp etc. are associated with twig blight disease in various species. Treatment Blitox (0.2%) is very effective against twig blight and leaf blight diseases.

14. Twig blight

15. Foliar diseases Leaf spot and leaf blight diseases have been reported in many species in various regions. Pathogens belonging to Fungi imperfecti (Deuteromycetes) are responsible for causing the disease in forest nurseries resulting in early defoliation. Treatment The disease can be controlled by spraying copper based fungicides like Blitox (0.2%) or Foltax (0.2%) at monthly intervals.

16. Leaf spot Leaf blight

17. SEED and seedling diseases Seedling blight in Eucalyptus is common and is caused by Cylindrocladium spp . The pathogens usually attack leaf, stem or twig of one year old seedling in presence of high humidity. Seed rot, seedling blight and seedling wilt is caused by Cylindrocladium clavatum and can be controlled by application of 0.5% Dithane M-45.

18. Seedling wilt Seedling blight