Common Nutritional Problem.pdf

Common Nutritional Problem

1. Common Nutritional Problem

2. Nutritional Problem
Anutritionalproblemordeficiencyreferstoa
conditionwhenanindividual'sbodyexperiences
ashortageofessentialnutrientsorsomespecific
nutrient.Suchproblemscangiverisetoseveral
healthissuessuchasanemia.

3. •The prevalence of malnutrition in Bangladesh
is among the highest in the world.
•Millions of children and women suffer from
one or more forms of malnutrition including
low birth weight, wasting, stunting,
underweight, Vitamin A deficiencies, iodine
deficiency disorders and anemia.
•Globally, malnutrition is attributed to almost
one-half of all child deaths.

4. Nutrient Classifications
How many types of nutrients are there?
There are more than 40 different kinds of nutrients
in food and they can generally be classified into the
following 6 major groups:
•Carbohydrates —a macronutrient.
•Lipids/Fat —a macronutrient.
•Proteins —a macronutrient.
•Water —a non-food macronutrient.
•Minerals —a micronutrient.
•Vitamins —a micronutrient.

5. Nutritional Deficiency?
•Your body requires several vitamins and
minerals for optimal functioning and disease
prevention. These vitamins and minerals are
called micronutrients.
•A nutritional deficiency occurs when your
body doesn’t receive or cannot absorb a
specific nutrient in the amount required. If
this is prolonged, it can lead to dangers.

6. What Are The Most Common Nutrient
Deficiencies?
•Iron Deficiency (Causes Anemia)
•Iodine Deficiency (Causes Goiter And Hypothyroidism)
•Vitamin A Deficiency (Causes Night Blindness,
Xerophthalmia)
•Vitamin B-Complex Deficiency
•Vitamin C Deficiency (Causes Scurvy)
•Vitamin D Deficiency (Causes Rickets and
Osteomalacia)
•Calcium Deficiency (Causes Hypocalcemia)
•Magnesium Deficiency (Causes Hypomagnesemia)
•Zinc Deficiency

7. Symptoms of a Vitamin A Deficiency
•Nightblindness-Thiscausesyoutohavetrouble
seeinginlowlight.Itwilleventuallyleadtocomplete
blindnessatnight.
•Xerophthalmia-Withthiscondition,theeyesmay
becomeverydryandcrusted,whichmaydamage
thecorneaandretina.
•Infection-ApersonwithavitaminAdeficiencycan
experiencemorefrequenthealthconcernsasthey
willnotbeabletofightoffinfectionsaseasily.
•Bitotspots-Thisconditionisabuildupofkeratinin
theeyes,causinghazyvision.

8. •Skinirritation-PeopleexperiencingvitaminAdeficiencycould
haveproblemswiththeirskin,suchasdryness,itching,and
scaling.
•Keratomalacia-Thisisaneyedisorderinvolvingdryingand
cloudingofthecornea—theclearlayerinfrontoftheirisand
pupil.
•Keratinisation-Thisisaprocessbywhichcellsbecomefilled
withkeratinprotein,die,andformtough,resistantstructures
intheurinary,gastrointestinalandrespiratorytracts.
•Stuntedgrowth-NothavingenoughvitaminAcoulddelay
growthorcausechildrentoexperienceslowbonegrowthor
stuntedgrowth.
•Fertility-AdeficiencyinvitaminAmaycausechallengeswhen
tryingtoconceiveachild,andinsomecases,infertility.

9. There are eight B vitamins
•Thiamine (B1): Assists in the growth and
function of various cells
•Riboflavin (B2): Assists in the growth of cells,
energy production and the breakdown of fats
•Niacin (B3): Helps release energy from food,
create cholesterol and fats and create and
repair DNA
•Pantothenic acid (B5): Helps break down fats
and perform other metabolic functions

10. •Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine): Helps enzymes
perform various functions, supports brain and
immune health
•Biotin (B7): Helps enzymes break down fats,
carbohydrates and proteins from food
•Folate(B9): Helps form DNA and RNA and
assists in protein metabolism
•B12 (cobalamin): Assists in forming red blood
cells and DNA

11. •Thiamine (B1) deficiency:
A person with a thiamin deficiency may experience:
weight loss
little or no appetite
memory problems or confusion
heart problems
tingling and numbness in the hands and feet
loss of muscle mass
poor reflexes

12. •Riboflavin (B2) deficiency:
skin disorders
sores at the corners of the mouth
swelling of the mouth and throat
swollen, cracked lips
hair loss
red, itchy eyes
Having a severe riboflavin deficiency can lead to anemia
and cataracts. Being riboflavin deficient during pregnancy
can create a higher risk certain birth defects.

13. •Niacin (B3) deficiency:
Severe niacin deficiency leads to pellagra, which may cause:
brown discoloration on skin exposed to sunlight
patches of skin with a rough appearance
a bright red tongue
vomiting, diarrhea, or constipation
headache
fatigue
Depression
If pellagra goes untreated, it can lead to severe memory
problems, behavioral changes, and suicidal behavior. It
may also lead to an extreme loss of appetite or death.

14. •Pantothenic acid (B5) Deficiency:
numbness and burning of the hands and feet
headache
irritability
restlessness and poor sleep
a lack of appetite

15. •Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) deficiency:
Vitamin B-6 deficiency may cause:
anemia
scaling on the lips
cracks at corners of the mouth
swollen tongue
weakened immune system
confusion
depression

16. •Biotin (B7) deficiency:
biotin deficiency include:
thinning of the hair
a scaly rash around eyes, nose, and mouth
brittle nails
depression
fatigue

17. •Folate(B9) deficiency:
folatedeficiency may include:
weakness
headache
heart palpitations
irritability
sores on the tongue or in the mouth
skin, hair, or nail changes

18. •B12 (cobalamin) deficiency:
Vitamin B-12 deficiency usually causes a condition called
megaloblasticanemia.
B-12 deficiency can include:
fatigue
weight loss
constipation
loss of appetite
numbness and tingling in the hands and feet
memory problems
depression