communicable diseases and wash and asha worker.pptx

communicable diseases and wash and asha worker.pptx

1. The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, adopted by all United Nations (UN) members in 2015, created 17 world Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The aim of these global goals is "peace and prosperity for people and the planet"

2. WASH- Sustainable Development Goal 6 WASH (or WatSan , WaSH ; stemming from the first letters of "water, sanitation and hygiene") is a sector in development cooperation, or within local governments, that provides water, sanitation, and hygiene services to communities. The main purposes of providing access to WASH services are to achieve public health gains, implement the human right to water and sanitation, reduce the burden of collecting drinking water for women, and improve education and health outcomes at schools and healthcare facilities. Universal, affordable, and sustainable access to WASH is a key issue within international development, and is the focus of the first two targets of Sustainable Development Goal 6

3. Targets 6.1 and 6.2 aim for equitable and accessible water and sanitation for all. In 2017, it was estimated that 2.3 billion people live without basic sanitation facilities, and 844 million people live without access to safe and clean drinking water. The acronym WASH is used widely by non-governmental organizations and aid agencies in developing countries. 15 August, 2014 was a defining moment for the WASH programme in India. The Hon’ble Prime Minister of India, in his speech from the ramparts of the Red Fort. In 2014, the then Ministry of Human Resource Development (now Ministry of Education), Government of India launched the ‘Swachh Bharat Swachh Vidyalaya’ (SBSV) initiative to ensure that all schools in India have access to separate functional toilets for boys and girls.

4. Research across the world has proven that lack of safe WASH processes in schools leads to transmission of pathogens responsible for respiratory infections and intestinal diseases. Behaviours and attitudes inculcated during the formative years of school remain with an individual lifelong. In view of this, WASH related knowledge when imparted to children by integrating WASH (and interpersonal communication curriculum into the overall curriculum can positively influence integration of hygiene and infection control practices in daily life.

5. Sanitation and Hygiene

6. Food Hygiene

7. Waste Management

8. Menstrual Hygiene Management

9. Results Achieved in the Sector 2018 was the first year of the UNICEF India’s new country programme . UNICEF continued to be the lead technical partner to the GoI in the WASH sector and 2018 saw the following key results in the supported 15 states and 192 districts: 83.9 million people gained access to a toilet, and the Open Defecation Free status was declared in an additional 18 states, 282 districts and 237,000 villages, bringing rural sanitation coverage to 97 per cent 3.56 million girls and 3.4 million boys from 46,461 schools across 12 target states gained access to WASH facilities 3.18 million people including 1.58 million adolescent girls were reached with a communication campaign around menstruation More than 930,000 people gained access to safe drinking water

10. Principles of communicable diseases control – Breaking the chain of infection

11. ACCREDITED SOCIAL HEALTH ACTIVITISTS (ASHA)

12. An Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA) is a community health worker employed by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare ( MoHFW ) as a part of India's National Rural Health Mission (NRHM). The mission began in 2005; full implementation was targeted for 2012. The idea behind the Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA) was to connect marginalized communities to the health care system. The target was to have an "ASHA in every village" in India. In July 2013, the number of ASHAs was reported to be 870,089. In 2018, this number became 939,978. The ideal number of ASHAs envisaged was 1,022,26

13. Roles and responsibilities ASHAs are women trained to act as health educators and health promoters in their communities. The Indian MoHFW describes them as: ...health activist(s) in the community who create awareness on health and its social determinants and mobilize the community towards local health planning and increased utilization and accountability of the existing health services.

14. Their tasks include: Motivating women to give birth in hospitals, Bringing children to immunization clinics, Encouraging family planning (e.g., surgical sterilization), Treating basic illness and injury with first aid, Keeping demographic records, and Improving village sanitation. ASHAs also serve as a key communication mechanism between the healthcare system and rural populations

15. An ASHA acts as a depot holder for essential provisions being made available to all habitations like: Oral Rehydration Salts (ORS) Therapy, Iron Folic Acid (IFA) Tablets, Chloroquine, Disposable Delivery Kits (DDK), Oral Pills & Condoms

16. Their responsibilities can be classified into:

17. Selection ASHAs must primarily be female residents of the village that they have been selected to serve, who are likely to remain in that village for the foreseeable future. Married, widowed or divorced women are preferred over women who are yet to marry, since Indian cultural norms dictate that, upon marriage, a woman leaves her home and/ or village and migrates to that of her husband. ASHAs must have qualified up to the tenth grade; if there is no suitable literate candidate, this criterion may be relaxed. They must preferably be between the ages of 25 and 45. They are selected by and accountable to the gram panchayat (local government)

18. Remuneration An ASHA's monthly salary has two components: A fixed component of Rs. 4,000/- (USD 53/- approximately), and Incentives that vary from Rs. 5,000/- (USD 67/- approximately) to Rs. 8,000/- (USD 107 approximately), including a "COVID Bonus". The average monthly salary comes to around Rs. 10,000/- (USD 133/- approximately).