Communication-process-elements-and-ethics.pptx

Effective communication involves the right blend of verbal and non-verbal aspects ---- It makes the message clearer.

1. Two types of communication Verbal Non-verbal Effective communication involves the right blend of verbal and non-verbal aspects ---- It makes the message clearer.

2. Verbal communication A form of transmitting messages using word symbols in representing ideas and objects which comes in two forms: oral and written Includes face to face interaction with another person, speaking to someone on the phone, participating in meeting, delivering speeches in programs and giving lectures or presentations in conferences.

3. Factors that affect verbal communication Tone of voice Use of descriptive words Emphasis on certain phrases Volume of voice

4. Non-verbal communication Form of communication which refers to the sending of messages to another person using signs, gestures, facial expressions and other means other than the spoken or written language. There are two categories of non-verbal communication: Messages produced by the body Messages produced by the broad setting such as time, space and silence

5. Functions of non-verbal communication Repeats the verbal message Often used to accent a verbal message. Often complements the verbal message but may also contradict. Regulates interactions May substitute for the verbal message, especially if it is blocked by noise or interaction.

6. process of communication

7. Elements of communication Sender Message Channel Receiver Feedback Noise Adjustment Context

8. Sender -a person, group or organization who initiates communication -can also be referred to as the source, encoder, speaker or communicator Message -an element transmitted in communication -may consist of the idea, opinion, information, feeling or attitude of the sender

9. Channel -A pathway or medium through which the message travels to reach its destination -May be oral, written or visual Receiver -A person who receives, analyzes, understands, and interprets the message. -Can also be referred to as decoder, reader, or listener

10. Feedback -the receiver’s response that provides information to the reader -the return process in which the receiver provides both verbal and non-verbal signals to show whether the message is understood or not. Noise -a form of distortion, barrier or obstacle that occurs in an oral communication process

11. Adjustment -done if the message is distorted or is not clearly understood by the receiver Context - It is the situation form which the communication is done. It includes settings or environment, social relations, scenes which include place, time and occasion, and lastly culture.

12. Five steps of the communication process (Schreiner, 2018) Creation Forming the communicative intent where the sender generates an idea Requires the individual who is sending the message to decide what he/she wants to say and select a medium through which to communicate this information If the medium the speaker selects is a written one, the speaker must compose a concise and clear message that others can understand and if the medium is oral, the speaker must plan out a clear spoken message

13. Transmission May be a simple as meetingwith the intended recipient of the message, and orally sharing the message, or calling the individual to communicate orally over the phone. If the message is in written form, it may include distributing a paper memo or sending an email

14. Reception After transmitting the message, the communication duties change hands and fall upon the receiver of the message The message is obtained either from the written format the sender selected or listening carefully as the message is delivered orally.

15. Translation Once receiving the message, the recipient must translate the message into terms that h/she can easily understand. To do this, the receiver must listen or read the message in question and paraphrase it mentally, turning the potentially complex contents of the message into more manageable and meaningful components.

16. Response May be verbal and immediate, which is commonly the case if communication is face to face May also be a written response that either expands upon the message or simply indicates receipt of the message in question

17. Principles of communication The 7 C’s of Communication Checklist Clear Concise Concrete Correct Coherent Complete Courteous

18. Ethics in communication Ethics is an integral part of communication. When we communicate, we do not simply choose words; we choose words for the effect they will have on our audiences, on ourselves and ultimately, on society. Also, we choose the manner of communication because sometimes “what matters is not what you say, but how you say things.” Thus, when we communicate, we ask ourselves how harmful or helpful our words and our ways are.

19. Considerations in ethical communication ( johansen , 16) Ethical Communicators are Respectful of Their Audience Communication is a two-way process. The communicator must consider the audience ideas and feelings during the interaction. Ethical Communicators Consider the Consequences of their Communication Every communicator must bear in mind that the ultimate aim of communication is to promote the common good. Communication must be set in a way that conflict is reduced or eliminated.

20. Ethical Communicators Respect the Truth A great deal of the ethics of communication involves respect for the truth. Indeed, as one has to put it, the assumptions of truth undergirds the very concept of communication itself: “an inherent end of speech is the communication of belief” (Kupfer 118). If we cannot trust the other party, we cannot accurately judge how to respond. If we cannot accurately judge how to respond, then our communication becomes increasingly ineffective.

21. Ethical Communicators Use Information Properly Communicators have the responsibility to give and acquire adequate and accurate information. As an ethical communicator, a respect for truth means being informed on a topic before posting any kind of authority on the subject. We also need to consider the accuracy of the information and the accuracy with which we use it. When we communicate, we expect people to react in some way to what we say and do. When we use inaccurate information to influence others, we cause difficulty for them and for ourselves.

22. Ethical Communicators Do not Falsify Information Worse than the distortion of information is falsifying information. Failing to find information useful to our goals, we make it up. This is a form of cheating; therefore, by all means this should be avoided. Ethical Communicators Respect the Rights of Others to Information A respect for truth and an ethical consideration of others also means respecting the right of others in regard to information and access to information. Collecting information is an integral part of the research process, but stealing information is theft taking something that does not belong to you. Beyond the personal act of theft, stealing information is unethical because it prevents other people from securing information and unnecessarily makes their lives more difficult.