Community Development

Community Devt

1. COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT PRAISY A B MSW DEPT. OF SOCIOLOGY

2. Community development RURAL DEVELOPMENT URBAN DEVELOPMENT

3. Community development CD refers to creation of social services, human development, community education program and other welfare programs. The term ‘CD’ used to describe a goal of bringing about social and economic devt in areas which are underdeveloped. CD can be considered as a goal and community organization as the process or the method by which CD can be achieved. CD produces self-reliant, self-sustaining and empowered communities. CD also known as COMMUNITY BUILDING.

4. Definition of CD “Community Devt is an attempt to bring about a social and economic transformation of village life through the efforts of the people themselves” (Planning Commission of India) “Community Devt is the process of assisting ordinary people to improve their own communities by undertaking collective action” (Twelvetrees, 1991)

5. Background of cd The term CD was first officially used in 1948 at British Colonial Office Cambridge Conference on Devt of American Initiative. The then CDP aimed at helping British colonies in Africa prepare for independence by improving local govt and developing their economies. In India it was initiated on 2 nd Oct, 1952 with the aim of promoting better living for the whole community in rural areas. The CDP was also a result of the conclusion drawn from the ‘Grow More Food’ enquiry report

6. Core of community development

7. C haracteristics of cd Focuses on the whole community. Emphasizes public participation as self-help. Uses participatory democracy as a model for decision making.

8. Elements of cd

9. Values of cd All people have basic dignity People have the right to help make decisions on issues that impact their well-being People have the right to strive to create the environment they want People have the right to reject an externally imposed environment

10. Principles of cd Self-help and Self-responsibility are required for successful devt. Participation in public decision-making should be free and open to all citizens. Trust is essential for effective working relationship. Methods that produce accurate information about the community are vital to the process. Understanding and general agreement are the basis for community change. All individuals have the right to be heard in open discussion, and the responsibility to respect opposing viewpoints.

11. Pillars of cd

12. Cd v/s co CD CO Govt sponsored program 1) Govt sponsorship is not important 2) Aims to provide services to the people mainly economic for improvement 2) Services are organized and planned by the people themselves under the guidance of organizer 3) Practiced mainly in underdeveloped or developing communities for economic devt 3) Develop cooperative and collaborative attitude among people in the community 4) Workers are a govt functionary and expert in removing economic backwardness 4) Not necessarily a govt functionary, he is skilled in community planning

13. Process of cd

14. Early experiments in cd

15. Branches of cd RURAL DEVELOPMENT URBAN DEVELOPMENT

16. i. Rural community development The term ‘Rural development’ means all round devt of rural areas with a view to betterment of lifestyle and standard of living in all spheres of their life. RCD aims at improving the welfare of rural people and their livelihoods on a sustainable and equitable basis. People’s participation is the Centre-piece in RCD.

17. Panchayati raj system In 1957, the planning commission appointed a high-ranking study committee headed by Balwant Rai Mehta, CM of Gujarat. This committee recommended Panchayati Raj System through which can be implement RCD. The aim of every village being a republic and panchayats having powers has been translated into reality with the introduction of Three Tier Panchayat Raj System to enlist people’s participation in rural devt.

18. Fundamental objectives of rcd To teach farmers how to determine their own problems To help them acquire knowledge about the problems To motivate them to solve their problem To help them build up social and economic infrastructure To train rural unemployed youth To empower farmers/ laboures to discourage migration to urban

19. Major aims of rcd

20. PROCESS OF RCD

21. Methods involved in rcd PRA is the major and important method in RCD. It is intended to enable local communities to conduct their own analysis and to plan and take action. The aim of PRA is to help strengthen the capacity of villagers to plan, make decisions, take action towards improving their own situations. PLA (Participatory Learning and Action) is often used interchangeably with PRA.

22. Major rcdp Year 1948 1963 1966 1971 1974 1989 2000 2009 2009 2011 Short Name GMFC ANP FTEP SFDA TDB JRY PMGSY NRHM ICDS NRLM Program Grow More Food Campaign Applied Nutrition Program Farmers Training & Education Program Small Farmers Devt Agency Tribal Devt Block Jawahar Rojgar Yojana Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana National Rural Health Mission Integrated Child Devt Scheme National Rural Livelihood Mission

23. II. Urban community development Urban Community Devt in India drives its origin from the Rural Community Devt Program which commenced on 2 nd Oct. 1952. It requires the urban citizen’s efforts like financial support and technical assistance in areas like sanitation, public health, education and recreation.

24. Urban bodies There several types of urban bodies in India such as Municipality, Notified Area Committee, Town Area Committee, Special Purpose Agency, Township, Port Trust, Cantonment Board, etc. Nagarpalika Act came into force on 1 st June,1993. The 74 th amendment made the provisions relating to Urban Local Govts (Nagarpalika). Three-tier structure of Nagarpalika :- Municipal Corporations, Municipal Council, and Nagar Panchayat.

25. Major ucdp Year 2005 ------ ------ ------ ------ Short Name JNNURM UIDSSMT SCM HFA(U) AMRUT Program Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission Urban Infrastructure Devt Scheme for Small and Medium Towns Smart Cities Mission Housing for All (Urban) Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation

26. references Vivek Rampal, 2009, S ocial Work and Community Devt, Alfa Publications. Mukesh Kumar Prajapati, 2013, Community Social Work, Vista Publications. Linda Briskman, 2007, Social Work with Indigenous Communities, F ederation Publications. Manohar Pawar, 2014, Social and Community Devt, Sage Publications.

27. Thank you