COMMUNITY OPTOMETRY AND INTERNATIONAL HEALTH

COMMUNITY OPTOMETRY AND INTERNATIONAL HEALTH

1. INTERNATIONAL HEALTH AGENCIES

2. 1) WHO - WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION The WHO was established on 7th April1948 . Head quarters at Geneva . Objective of WHO Main Objective: "The attainment by all peoples of the highest level of health" which is set out in the preamble of the constitution.

3. Work Of W HO Promote health development Maintain health security Strengthen health systems Prevention and control of specific diseases Family health

4. 2) UNFPA - UNITED NATIONS POPULATION FUND UNFPA started working in 1969, and head quarter is in New York UNFPA is the lead UN agency for delivering a world where every pregnancy is wanted, every birth is safe, and every young person's potential is fulfilled. UNFPA expands the possibilities for women and young people to lead healthy and productive lives.

5. Services provided by UNFPA UNFPA supports healthy families by:→ Training health workers to deliver quality family planning servicesSupplying contraceptives in emergency situations Providing counselling and choices to women who want to avoid ordelay pregnancy Educating men on the benefits of birth spacing

6. 3) UNDP - UNITED NATION DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME UNDP was established in 22 Nov 1965 Headquarter - New York The United Nations Development Programme is a United Nations agency tasked with helping countries eliminate poverty and achieve sustainable economic growth and human development .

7. Goal Goal is to contribute to sustainable human development. UNDP has four focus areas in its mandate: poverty reduction, democratic governance, environment andenergy, and crisis prevention and recovery.

8. 4) WORLD BANK The World Bank, established in July 1944, is headquartered in Washington, D.C. The President , currently David R. Malpass The World Bank is a vital source of financial and technical assistance to developing countries around the world .

9. Functions Granting reconstruction loans to war devastated countries. Granting developmental loans to underdeveloped countries . Providing loans to governments for agriculture, irrigation, power, transport, water supply, education, health, etc. Providing loans to private concerns for specified projects.

10. 5) FAO - THE FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION FAO was founded on 16 October1945, Headquarter is in Rome. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations is an international organization that leads international efforts to defeat hunger and improve nutrition and food security.

11. Aims To help nations raise living standards. To improve the nutritional status of people of all countries. To increase the efficiency of farming, forestry and fisheries . To better the condition of rural people and better the opportunity of productive work.

12. 6) UNICEF – UNITED NATIONS INTERNATIONAL CHILDREN’S EMERGENCY FUND It was established on 11 December1946, Headquarter is in New York.UNICEF works in collaboration withFAO,UNDP, WHO and UNESCO. It is an agency of the United Nations responsible for providing humanitarian and developmental aid to children worldwide .

13. Purpose UNICEF is committed to ensuring special protection for the most disadvantaged children - victims of war, disasters, extreme poverty, all forms of violence and exploitation and those with disabilities. UNICEF responds in emergencies toprotect the rights of children.

14. Goal Child survival and development . Basic education and gender equality . Child protectionProvide long term humanitarian and development assistances to children & mothers in developing countries . Emphasize developing community level services to promote health& well being of children.

15. 7) INTERNATIONAL RED CROSS The International Committee of the Red Cross is a humanitarian organization based in Geneva, Switzerland. Founded :- 17 Feb. 1863 President:- Peter Maurer Purpose: →Protecting victims of conflicts and providing them with assistance

16. Role It was largely confined to the victims of the war. Mainly it tries to involve itself into activities like first aid in case of war like situations, MCH services Lately it has tried to extend it's research in Disaster management and has designed emergency protocols.