Community pharmacy

Community pharmacy

1. Welcome
to our presentation

2. A presentation
on
Community pharmacy
Submitted to Submitted by
FarhanaIslam
Assistant professor
Department Of Pharmacy
Jashore University of Science &
Technology
Group:C
Roll:151023,151024,151025,151026,
151027,151029,151030,151031,
151032,151034
4
th
year, 2
nd
semester
Department Of Pharmacy
Jashore University of Science &
Technology

3. Outline
Community pharmacy definition
Scope of Community pharmacy
Roles and responsibilities of community pharmacist
Community health care
Different levels of health care
Sectors of health care delivery system
Community pharmacy in dealing with communicable
disease problems
Infrastructure management
NGO as partner in health care delivery

4. Community pharmacy
Acommunitypharmacyisapharmacythatdealsdirectly
withpeopleinthelocalarea.Ithasresponsibilities
includingcompounding,counseling,checkinganddispensing
ofprescriptiondrugstothepatientswithcare,accuracy,
andlegality.
Communitypharmacymeansanyplaceunderthedirect
supervisionofapharmacistwherethepracticeofpharmacy
occursorwhereprescriptionordersarecompoundedand
dispensedotherthanahospitalpharmacyoralimited
servicepharmacy.

5. Scope of Community pharmacy
In processing prescriptions
Clinical pharmacy
Patient care
Drug monitoring
Extemporaneous preparation
Alternative medicines
Checking symptoms of minor aliments
Health care professionals

6. Roles and responsibilities of community pharmacist
Dispensingprescriptionmedicinestothepublic
Ensuringthatdifferenttreatmentsarecompatible
Checkingdosageandensuringthatmedicinesarecorrectly
andsafelysuppliedandlabeledSupervisingthepreparation
ofanymedicines
Keepingaregisterofcontrolleddrugsforlegalandstock
controlpurposes
Liaisingwithdoctorsaboutprescriptions
Sellingover-the-countermedicines
Continue….

7. Roles and responsibilities of community pharmacist
Counseling and advising the public on the treatment of
minor ailments
Advising patients of any adverse side-effects of medicines
Measuring and fitting compression hosiery.
Monitoring blood pressure and cholesterol levels.
Offering a diabetes screening service.
Arranging the delivery of prescription medicines to patients.
Managing, supervising and training pharmacy support staff.
Budgeting and financial management.
Keeping up to date with current pharmacy practice, new
drugs and their uses.

8. Community health care
CommunityhealthreferstothehealthStatusofthemembersof
thecommunity,totheproblemsaffectingtheirhealthandto
thetotalityofhealthcareprovidedtothecommunity.
Healthcareneedsaredefinedassuchaneedisonerelatedto
thetreatment,controlorpreventionofadisease,illness,injury
ordisabilityandtheCAREoraftercareofapersonwiththese
needs.

9. Levels of health care
1.Primary health care
2.Secondary level health care
3.Tertiary level health care

11. 1. Primary health care
Thisisthefirstlevelofcontactbetweentherecipientof
careandthehealthcaredeliverysystem.Majorityofthe
problemsatthislevelaresolvedbythepeoplewithsome
assistanceandguidanceofhealthworkers.
Inruralareatheseservicesaregivenbythemeansofsub
centres,PrimaryHealthcareCenter(PHC)andCommunity
HealthCentre(CHC).
Inurbanareastheseservicesaregivenbymaternalchild
healthandfamilywelfarecentresanddispensaries.

12. Elementsofprimaryhealthcare:
Educationtothepeopleconcerningprevailinghealth
problemsandmethodsofpreventingandcontrolling
them.
Promotionoffoodsupplyandpropernutrition
Adequatesupplyofsafewaterandbasicsanitation
Maternalandchildhealthcareandfamilyplanning
Immunizationagainstthemajorinfectiousdiseases.
Preventionandcontroloflocallyendemicdisease
Appropriatetreatmentofcommondiseasesandinjury
Provisionofessentialdrugs.

14. Principles of primary health care
Equitable distribution
Coverage and accessibility
Community participation
Multi-sectoralapproach
Appropriate health technology:
Human resource
Services by community health worker
Referral system
Logistics of supply

15. •Equitable distribution:
It means primary health care services must be share equally by all the people.
•Coverage and accessibility:
Primary health care aims to provide health care to all the population living in
any geographical area.
•Community participation:
Community participation is the process by which individuals and families assume
responsibilities for their own health and welfare and for those of the community
and develops the capacity to contribute to their and country’s development.
•Multi-sectoralapproach:
For achieving the goals co-ordination with the other sectors is necessary
because no sector can achieve its goals in isolation.

16. •Appropriate health technology:
It implies the use of methods, techniques and equipment which are
scientifically sound but simple.
•Human resource:
For the effective implementation of primary health care, it is essential to
make full use of all the available resources including the human potential
of all the country.
•Services by community health worker:
Community health workers form a link between the community people
and the health system. They are given short and simple training to be able
to take care of the simple and basic health needs of the people

17. •Referral system:
The patients with severe condition unable to treat at the primary
level should be referred to the higher/ specialized center for the
proper treatment.
•Logistics of supply:
It includes planning and budgeting of the supplies required,
procurement or manufacture, storage, distribution and control.

18. 2. Secondary level health care
Atthislevelmorecomplexproblemsaretakencare
mostlywhichrequiresecondarylevelofpreventive
servicesandcurativeservices.
Theseservicesareprovidedatdistricthealth
centres/hospitals.
ThosecaseswhichcannotbehandledatPHCorCHC
arereferredtodistricthealthcentres.

19. (a)DistrictHealthsystem:Thissystemmainlyfocusonchild
healthandmaternitycare.Healthcarecentersreceive
referralsfromvariousprimaryhealthcare.Districthospitals
includeemergencyservices,neonatalcare,comprehensive
emergencyobstetricetc.andisremainopenfor24hours
everyday.
(b)CountyHealthsystem:Intothissystem,hospitalsreceive
referralsfromtheDistrict&communityhealthsystems.
Countyhospitalprovidesgynecologicservices,general
medicine,obstetrics,generalsurgeryetc.andisremainopen
for24hourseveryday.

20. 3. Tertiary level health care
Thislevelofhealthcareisprovidedatthestate/
regional/centrallevelinstitutions.
Theseinstitutionsserveasareferralunitsforprimary
andsecondarylevels.
Theyalsoserveasateachinginstitutionfor
educationandtrainingofvariouscategoriesofhealth
careprofessionals.
Cont…

21. This type of healthcare is known as specialized consultative
healthcare usually for inpatients and on referral from primary
and secondary healthcare for advanced medical investigation
and treatment. following examples of tertiary care services
are plastic surgery, burn treatment, cardiac surgery, cancer
management, neurosurgery, complex medical and surgical
interventions etc.
The main provider of tertiary care is national Health system
consist of Regional hospitals and National Hospital. Regional
hospitals receive a reference from various county hospitals
and serves as training sites complementary to the National
referral hospital. It also provides additional care services and
remains open for 24 hours every day

22. Sectors of health care delivery system
1. Public Health Sector:
a) Primary Health Centre
b) Hospitals/ health centers
c) Health insurance schemes
2. Private Sector
a) Private hospitals, polyclinics, Nursing homes, dispensaries.
b) General Practitioners & clinics
3. Indigenous system of Medicine
a)Unani, Ayurveda, Homiopathy.
4. Voluntary Health Agencies
5. National Health Program etc.

23. Community pharmacy in dealing with communicable
disease problems
“Transmittedfromonepersontoanotherpersonorfroma
reservoirtoasusceptiblehost.”isknownasCommunicable
disease.e.g.:Tuberculosisetc.
Inprophylaxisandhealthpromotion-Thepharmacistcan
takepartinhealthpromotioncampaigns,locallyand
nationally,onawiderangeofhealthrelatedtopics,and
particularlyondrug-relatedtopics(e.g.,rationaluseof
drugs,alcoholabuse,tobaccouse,discouragementofdrug
useduringpregnancy,organicsolventabuse,poison
prevention)ortopicsconcernedwithotherhealthproblems
(diarrhealdiseases,tuberculosis,leprosy,HIV-
infection/AIDS)andfamilyplanning.

24. Community health nurses play an important role with
regarded to all population at risk for communicable
disease:
Recognizewhoatrisk
Wherethereservoirsandsourceofinfectious
diseaseagentsarelocated
Whatenvironmentalfactorspromotethespread
Whatcomprisethecharacteristicofvulnerabilityof
communitymemberandgroups-particularlythose
subjecttointervention.

25. Community pharmacy in dealing with nutritional problem
Nutritional imbalance
Maternal nutritional anemia;
Protein energy malnutrition;
Vitamin A deficiency;
Lactation failure;
Addiction to milk feeding; and
Inadequate preparation and use of artificial milk products.

26. Infrastructure management
Selection of site
Site is well connected with various modes of transport.
Surroundings should be good; no congestion of traffic.
Site of the plot has a sufficient scope for expansion

27. Layout of store
Flexibility in arrangement
Convenience in physical counting of materials
Items used sparingly should be easy to locate
Efficient protection against deterioration & pilferage of materials.
Better stock control but minimum routine work like record
maintenance etc.
Efficient use of floor space & height
Safety from hazards, insurance etc.
Proper illumination & ventilation
Shelves & bins should not be very deep
Minimum handling & transportation of materials

28. Layout of store

29. Objectives of layout plan
To attract maximum customers
To increase purchase from each customer
To improve general appearance &
professional image
To maximize utilization of space
To reduce pilferage, theft & provides
surveillance
To control movement inside the store.
Storage conditionsTemperature
in
o
C
cold temperature 2 to 8
Cool temperature 8 to 25
Room temperature 25 to 30
Warm temperature 30 to 40
Excessive heat Above 40
Controlled room
temperature
15 to 30
Freezer -20 to -10
Dry place 40% average
relative
humidity

30. NGO as partner in health care delivery
Bangladesh GonoshasthayaKendra
BRAC
Acid Survivors Foundation
Bangladesh Rehabilitation Centre for Trauma Victims
CARE International
Population Services International (PSI)

31. NGO’s participation as partner in health care
Health Education
Clinic Services.
Water and sanitation
Nutrition
Communicable diseases
Family planning nearly half (42%) had targeted the poor as
their main beneficiaries. Followed by Mothers, youth and
general public.

32. https://www.slideshare.net/sonushanno/community-pharmacy-64829089
https://www.slideshare.net/maheswarijaikumar/intro-to-community-health-
concepts
https://www.slideshare.net/SharnjeetKaur/primary-health-care-53858592
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_non-
governmental_organisations_in_Bangladesh
https://www.slideshare.net/prkppt/communicable-disease-85471063
https://www.slideshare.net/aishuanju/cpm-ppt-62330335
Reference