Comparatives and superlatives in english

comparisons

1. One
syllable
adjectives
Twoor
more syllable
adjectives/
adverbs
COMPARATIVES SUPERLATIVES
adjective+ -er(+ than) theadjective+ -est
Barcelona isbiggerthanGirona
A car isfasterthana bike
Barcelona isthebiggestcityin Catalonia
Planes are thefastestmeansof transport
more + adjective(+ than) themost+ adjective
A motorbikeismoreexpensivethana bike
ChineseismoredifficultthanEnglish
Thisisthemostcomfortablechair
I’veevertried.
Susanisthemostintelligentgirlinthe
class.

2. Adjectives and adverbs that end in –y:
Adjectives: They work as one syllable adjectives.
Peter is happier than his sister.
This is the dirtiestrestaurant I’ve ever been to.
Adverbs: they work as two or more syllable adverbs
Can you speak more slowly please?
Irregular adjectives/adverbs
Adjective/adverb Comparative Superlative
Good/well Better(than) Thebest
Bad/badly Worse(than) Theworst
Far Farther(lluny)/
Further(lluny+ additional)
(than)
Thefarthest/ thefurthest
(el mésllunyà/ el mésllunyà+ el
que méspotsafegir)

3. -Sometwosyllableadjectivesacceptbothtypesof comparativesand superlatives. These
include: clever, common, friendly, gently, narrow, pleasant, polite, quiet, simple, stupid...
Quiet–quieter/more quiet-thequietest/themostquiet
-Wecan use some adverbsin frontof comparativesand superlatives:
1.To describe small differencesa bit (informal), a little, slightly(=una mica)
I’mfeelinga littlebetterthanI wasthismorning.
2. To describe bigdifferences (quite) a lot(informal), much, far(=moltmés)
Thishouseismuchmore expensivethanmyhouse.
3.Toemphasizethedifferencebetweenonepersonoronethingand alltheothersuse
byfar, easily.
Thisisbyfarthemostexercisein theexam.

4. 4.Theoppositeof ‘more’ and ‘most’ are less andleast. Youcan use them withadjective
and adverbsregardlessof thenumberof syllables.
I boughttheleastexpensivejacketin theshop
la menyscara
5.More/mostorless/least uncountablenouns.
I havelesstime thanlastyear. (menystempsque)
More/mostorfewer/fewest countablenouns.
I havefewerexercisesto do thisweek. (menysexercicisque…)
6. Use the+ comparative, the+ comparativeto show that twochangeshappentogether
Itexpressesconsequence, ratherthancomparison.
Thesooner, thebetter. (Commésaviat, millor.)
Theharderyouwork, themore youcan learn. (Comméstreballes, mésaprens.)

5. When two things are (not) the same
(just) + as + adjective/ adverb+ as = és igual de
Thishouseis(just) asbigasmyhouse.
In negativesentencesyoucan use: so/as + adj /adv+ as (= no éstan...)
Thishouseisn’tsobigasmyhouse/ Thishouseisn’tasbigas myhouse.
Use almost, nearlyto qualifycomparisons(= quasitan…)
ShespeaksEnglish almostas wellasherteacher.
Use not quite to describe small differences (= no éstan…)
It isn’tquite as/so cold asit was yesterday.
Use not nearly for big differences (=no ésnide bon tros / nide llunytan…)
The exercise isn’tnearly as difficult asI expected.