Comparison between meiosis and mitosis

difference between meiosis and mitosis

1. DIGITAL ASSIGNMENT 1 BY: SUCHETA PATNAIK 15BBT0122 HARSHITA AGARWAL 15BBT0083

2. COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN MITOSIS AND MEIOSIS

3. Mitosis and Meiosis Cells divide and reproduce in two ways: mitosis and meiosis. Mitosis is a process of cell division that results in two genetically identical daughter cells developing from a single parent cell. Meiosis, on the other hand, is the division of a germ cell involving two fissions of the nucleus and giving rise to four gametes, or sex cells, each possessing half the number of chromosomes of the original cell.

4. Mitosis is used by single-celled organisms to reproduce; it is also used for the organic growth of tissues, fibers , and membranes. Meiosis is found in sexual reproduction of organisms. The male and female sex cells (i.e., egg and sperm) are the end result of meiosis; they combine to create new, genetically different offspring

5. MEIOSIS MITOSIS Type of Reproduction Sexual Asexual Occurs in Humans, animals, plants, fungi. All organisms. Genetically Different Identical Crossing Over Yes, mixing of chromosomes can occur. No, crossing over cannot occur. Pairing of Homologs Yes No

6. Function Genetic diversity through sexual reproduction. Cellular reproduction and general growth and repair of the body. Number of Divisions 2 1 Number of Daughter Cells produced 4 haploid cells 2 diploid cells Chromosome Number Reduced by half. Remains the same. Steps (Meiosis 1) Prophase I, Metaphase I, Anaphase I, Telophase I; (Meiosis 2) Prophase II, Metaphase II, Anaphase II and Telophase II. Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase .

7. Karyokinesis Occurs in Interphase I. Occurs in Interphase . Cytokinesis Occurs in Telophase I and in Telophase II. Occurs in Telophase. Centromeres Split The centromeres do not separate during anaphase I, but during anaphase II. The centromeres split during anaphase. Creates Sex cells only: female egg cells or male sperm cells. Makes everything other than sex cells. Discovered by Oscar Hertwig Walther Flemming

8. Differences in Purpose mitosis responsible for asexual reproduction in single-celled organisms, but it is also what enables cellular growth and repair in multicellular organisms. meiosis has a narrow but significant purpose: assisting sexual reproduction.

9. Stages of Mitosis and Meiosis Cells spend about 90% of their existence in a stage known as interphase Cells "prepare" for division by replicating DNA and duplicating protein-based centrioles . When cell division begins, the cells enter into either mitotic or meiotic phases. In mitosis, the end product is two cells: the original parent cell and a new, genetically identical daughter cell Meiosis is more complex and goes through additional phases to create four genetically different haploid cells