COMPLETE BLOOD COUNT

COMPLETE BLOOD COUNT

1. INTEGRAL UNIVERSITY , LUCKNOW FACULTY OF PHARMACY Guided By :- Prepared By :- Mr. Md Sohel Akhter Abu Raihan Shams Associate Professor(Jr. ) Pharm. D , 2 nd 1700100350

2. TOPIC COMPLETE BLOOD COUNT

3. Introduction A CBC is a series of tests used to evaluate the composition and concentration of the cellular components of blood. It is a blood panel requested by a doctor or other medical professional that gives information about the cell in patient blood such as cell count of each blood cell, type, cell size , shape and concentration. It is also known as full blood exam.

4. The cells that circulate in the blood stream are generally of three types:- RBC [erythrocyte] WBC[leukocyte] Platelets [ thrombocyte ] Abnormally high or low count may indicate the presence of many form of disease.

5. Why it is done CBCs are done to monitor overall health to screen for some diseases ,to confirm a diagnosis of sone medical condition, and to monitor changes in the body caused by medical treatments . It can reflect acute or chronic infections , allergies and problems with clotting, etc..

6. Common components of CBC RBC Count Hemoglobin ( Hb ) Packed Cell Volume (PCV) Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) Mean Cospuscular Hb (MCH) & Mean Corpuscular Hb Concentration (MCHC) WBC Count Platelet Count

7. RBC Count Normal Range Male:- 4.7-6.1 Million/ microliter Female:- 4.2-5.4 Million/ mircoliter High RBC count indicates Polycythemia , Dehydration, Pulmonary disease, Kidney & other tumour that produces erythropoietin. Low RBC count indicates Anemia like Hemolytic anemia or Aplastic anemia , Acute or chronic bleeding , Bonemarrow disorder/damage, Kidney failure.

8. Hemoglobin Normal Range Male:- 13-18 g/dl Female:- 11.5-16.5 g/dl High Hb indicates COPD(Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) , Emphysema , Polycythemia . Low Hb indicates It is due to low RBC, Aplastic anemia , Iron-deficiency anemia , cancer , Lead poisoning, Multiple myeloma , Myelodysplastic syndrome.

9. Packed Cell Volume(PCV) It is % of RBC circulating in blood. Normal Range Male:- 45% Female:- 40% High PCV indicates Polycythemia , COPD, Dehydration, Capillary Leak syndrome / Clarkson’s Disease. Low PCV indicates Anemia , Vitamin & Mineral Deficiency , Heavy Blood Loss

10. Mean Corpuscular Volume(MCV) In this we measure average size of RBC. Normal Range 80.00-100.00 fL ( femtoliter ) High MCV indicates Vitamin B12 or Follic acid deficiency anemia Low MCV indicates Thalassamia , Lead Poisoning, Sickle cell anemia , Iron deficiency anemia

11. Mean Corpuscular Hb (MCH) & Mean Corpuscular Hb concentration (MCHC) MCH is amount of HB present in one RBC. Normal Range:- 27-32 pg ( picogram ) MCHC is proportion of each cell taken by Hb . Normal Range:- 32-35 g/dl High MCH & MCHC Sickle cell anemia Low MCH & MCHC Microlytic anemia

12. WBC Count Normal Range 4 thousand – 11 thousand/ microliter High WBC count( Leukocytosis ) indicates Acute or Chronic Lymphocytic leukemia , Bacterial & Viral infection, Rheumatoid arthritis, Myelofibrosis (A Bonemarrow disorder) Low WBC count ( Leukopenia ) indicates Due to acute viral infection like Cold or Influenza , Aplastic anaemia, AIDS, Cancer , Typhoid, Malaria , Tuberculosis, Dengue, Lyme disease(it is a bacterial disease caused by Borrelia burgdorferi )

13. Platelet Count Normal Range 1,50,000 – 4,00,000/ microliter High Platelet count( Thrombocytosis ) indicates Chronic inflammation, Malignancy/Cancer, Iron deficiency, Acute Blood loss, Myeloproliferative Disorder, Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Rheumatoid arthritis Low Platelet count(Thrombocytopenia) indicates Dengue, Beberiosis , Chemotherapy, Radiotherapy, Splenomegaly , Gaucher’s disease, HELLP syndrome , Aplastic anemia , Laukemia , Lymphoma

14. REFERENCES https :// en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complete_blood_count www.Slideshare.net https:// www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/complete-blood-count/about/pac-20384919 Buttarello , M.Plebani , M(Jul 2008). Automated blood cell counts: statemof the art, American Journal of Clinical Pathology, 130(1) 140-16.