Complete_Chemistry_Nichod_for_CUET_2024_By_Ayushi_Ma'am1714657073951.pdf

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« Organic Chemistry Part Il-
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Inorganic Chemistry

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D and F Block Y

Complete AYUSHI MAAM

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ルコ

D BLOCK ELEMENTS INTRODUCTION

(に!
・General Electronic Configuration: 一 一 M- WA ms

ーーーーーーーーーー

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D BLOCK ELEMENTS INTRODUCTION

* Transition metals: En complete A 해

1
+ Non Transition metals:

\

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Onching Niklul の の us" 和 みみ

Co ogy

‘ole

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4D

Yann Zara Nibhana Maut Tak, Aukawat re Pool aa: Chalke4

Y ~ 8 BS 8

8

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Hal ln Warra Romesh Or Index Pi Mur Hospital There
Ht Ta 8 I a He ed
Av as de 6 da or

63

Sa $2

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D and F block Configurations | Exceptions

SET st gl sl Sl SI SU Se

(Cm di

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ES
Q. YollowipG ar; eon metal ions of 3d series :
Ti4+, V2+, Mn3+, Cr3+ (Atomic numbers : Ti = 22, V = 23, Mn = 25, Cr = 24)
Answer the following :
(i) Which ion is most stable in an aqueous solution and why?
(ii) Which ion is a strong oxidizing agent and why? Mnt>
(iii) Which ion is colourless and why? T +4
(iv) Which ion has the highest number of unpaired electrons? Mrs

Mn
dt Ae

Co +8

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D and F block Properties Important |

| (ia

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D and F block Properties Melting Point

an‘
N - 2

Mos EIA 2 soa À

Mn de AAN) 5

Sb Lara Y

4 las 3

Maa 2

= aan |

AU 0

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| Melting Point

Fig. 8.1: 1
transition

25. D and F block Properties

Enthalpy of atomization

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| | | Enthalpy of atomization
of: 64 of Mo misahien

fe-fe- Fe More Un pairesl ez
| 1

y y
fein rn SISTE
I Mn
Bern

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D and F block Properties Atomic size

D Sereening effeck
Sin L ,
TRAMO et

O Ze

gin
Ena — €) = athadim Hay

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D and F block Properties

Atomic size

Atomic Size: _

The filling o LT efore 5d orbital results in a regular decrease in atomic

radii called Lanthanoid contraction which essentially compensates for the
expected Variation in Atomic and lonic Sizes

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| | Atomic size

에 —— gs — dy —— di—de —— dio
uo Jl)
Rett Adtzser. Sra:
34 i
4 LT

sh |) Same

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12

Se Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn

Y Zr Nb Mo

Te Ru RhPd Ag Cd

La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg

Trends in adit of
transition nts

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| D and F block Properties lonisation enthalpy

Se < Ti >V <tr € Mn <fe > Co >Mi<lu<Zn

31. D and F block Properties

Variable Ox. State

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D and F block Properties Variable Ox. State

+ Participation of ns and (n-)d electrons in bond formation
+ Because of comparable energies

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Variable Ox. State

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D and F block Properties Magnetic Properties

ㆍ When a magnetic field is applied to substances,
mainly two types of magnetic behaviour are
observed: diamagnetism and paramagnetism

ーー ーーーーーーー

Ur mina) PM
Ce xe ser

Jar

^ _

wen 3

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Y
E
23 Js
32% Ss
9 Ja
89

35. D and F block Properties

Colored Compounds

(DA-d trrnshm

-一

C

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36. D and F block Properties

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Colored Compounds

Formation of Coloured Compounds

+ d-d transition

"ge rent 이이 미 kun0?, Oh

+

の )
Do.

©
2 Va トリ クー

+¢ +

o o
dr 4s go

デー
y Vi

37. D and F block Properties

Standard Electrode Potential

Standard Electrode
Potential

SRP= IE + Sublimation E + Hydration energy

Mn? me E Chery)

No regular trend observed

an as
—>

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38. COMPLETE CHEMISTRY NICHOD CUET 2024

D and F block Properties
Standard Electrode Potential

a 0%
Ua > ®

E
Beer nes wR)

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D and F block Properties

Standard Electrode Potential
ㆍ The unique behaviour of Cu,

having a positive EV, accounts for
its btt to liberate H2 from
ーーーーーーーー

acids.
——

* Only oxidising acids (nitric and hot
concentrated sulphuric) react with
Cu, the acids beingreduced.

a
E
3

NOV Cr Mn Fe

IM Observedvalıes Cale

40. D and F block Properties

Catalyst Formation

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D and F block Properties

Catalyst Formation

+ Variable oxidation states “一
+ Large surface area

>
+ Availability of vacant d A

42. D and F block Properties

Complex Compounds

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D and F block Properties

Complex Compounds

+ This is due to the comparatively smaller sizes of the metal ions

* High ionic charges

+ Availability of d orbitals for bond ation

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D and F block Properties | | Interstitial Compounds
They have high melting points, higher than those of pure metals.
・ They are very hard, some borides approach diamond in hardness.
They retain metallic conductivity.
・ They are chemically inert
PAS

Fe 一 1 ri
LE 2 | i le

!
fe 一 Fe—Fe

45. D and F block Properties

Alloy Formation

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D and F block Properties || Alloy Formation

・ Because of similar radii and other characteristics of transition
metals, alloys are readily formed by these metals.

+ brass {Copper-zinc)
+ bronze(copper-tin)

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D and F block Properties Important |

| (ia

48. D and F block Compounds

K2Cr207

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+ GncHSoy 一 > Na,

NA, Gyo, + KC し 一 Kıl,o, + nac!

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D and F block Compounds

K2Cr207

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| D and F block Compounds

| K2Cr207

Chromate ion

52. D and F block Compounds

KMnO4

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PREPARATION

j CL/O,+H,O/CO
MnO, (fused) + KOH / K,CO, > KMnO。

Pyrolusite —H,0/CO, (Dark green)

Mn” + S,O,” + H,O

w r KNO

MnO, eek, KMnO。
Pyrolusite (Dark green)

Commerci

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| D and F block Compounds

| KMnO4

o

Tetrahedral Tetrahedral
manganate perm anate

) ion (purple) ion

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a rat

Rn ae NOx -> NOT

FUSSSTON - MAS

Gof Cor

fé yters nt Ey
E. Yet
eS iF 2¢ le F

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スー ~ る と
S284 603 -5504 Nos» Ne

計り SSIION

God.
[Le Sn gate MS

の

lol + 2ww0V と 6 イー > Mut? ¿Up + 12.

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4120) > 8 uno; + S

58. Metal Ox を る
ペニー ニー ニーー デ ーー ろう

V0, —? Basic
Vos — Ampholete

Cro ㅡ ㅋ Basic
(7,03 —> Amproknic
Cro, —> Aude
Mm07 ㅡ > Medic

Addale4

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PS

in Sn 56 Te 1

Bi Po

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F block Compounds Configurations

fe mud! ms?

り ル つん
SB

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F block Compounds Configurations

oy ortifrerad ん ro achive の ィ ア の た

・ Electronic Configuration

A ee 가

dora KR a TE sm amp qui da ZI 89 2 LH Yamela Helo
& 6
7

Gilad n
A or Grok Goadi ASA Andina 806 A | 06

gh=d
dos $. ‘HA
(4) Cad) = Ln つの

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Adda

Cerium

Praseodymium

Neodymium

Promethium

Samarium

Europium

sadolinium y 5d'6s
Terbium 6s
Dysprosium CS
Holmium 上 6s
Erbium 6s

Thulium 6s

Ytterbium ‘6s

Lutetium

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F block Compounds IMPORTANT

Lanthanoid Contraction

ve Het
Bee

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65. F block Compounds IMPORTANT
Lanthanoid Contraction
+ The steady decrease in e of lanthanides
increasing the atomic number is du e increasing the nuclear
charge and electrons entering the inner (n - Ol or anti
penultimate shell. —~_

A SF
poor part 1 izo
>

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6% period of the periodic table. It| period of the periodic table. It

consists of 14 elements ie. consists of 14 elements ie
Ce(S8) - Lu(71) TH(90) - Lw(103)

In lanthanides, df electrons are less| In actinides, 5f electrons are more
effectively shielded from the nuclear | effect shielded from the nuclear
charge.

4 électrons of lanthanides show higher | 5

| energy

mr shov 5 higher oxidation
state like +2, +3 and +4 like +2, +3, +4,

nature. Magnetic moments

in agreement with the expected values,

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Inorganic Chemistry
(10-15 Marks) \”

Coordination
Complete AYUSHI MA'AM

Compounds

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Coordination Compounds

ob EST

meta) wat

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Coordination Compounds |||MPORTANT

. Important terms
. IUPAC

. Werner Theory
VBT

CFT

. Isomerism

© nm pb &w D =

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| Coordination Compounds

| Important terms

ame 一 MA tom

Aueo — digurd. at

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Coordination Compounds Ligands
Ovganr © Asa.
0 Neutre — uP
e)
ぐん er >)
O

人 Abe

74. Addal247

A +3
ee N | Wien), Cle)
do s es

E Mo mayA
C ビ っ chiovido Wee

24272506.

NUE amina
Co carbongh
uc つ Amado (=\) No- rires 06 은 9』1- ㅇ -2-+2

x 1 i

four + imublo hg Fri
nal
CQ- 一 Cajamito i ke tite

Nor 一 > pabrito-N- ? ey if 6

Cot > Sulphit

Sot —> Sulphity Z
>

WR 一 > corboralo

on A hydro

75. COMPLETE CHEMISTRY NICHOD CUET 2024| AYUSHI MAM

. The coordination sphere must always be enclosed in square brackets.

. The central metal ion is written first in the coordination sphere, which is followed by writing
ligands in alphabetical order.

There should be no space between the metal and ligands.

. If the ligand has multiple atoms like NH3, H2O, etc. they must be enclosed in parentheses.

. The charge on the coordination sphere is written on the top right corner outside the
coordination sphere when there are no ions to balance it.

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Coordination Compounds ||jypac

Q. Give IUPAC name of [Ni(NH3)3NO31]C1.

drianiminenitnite-N— Kg (11) chlorite

nio-l=+l
LESEN

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78. Coordination Compounds

Werner Theory

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O Wana De

. 2 6-3
L Primary, の CH Raten)

"つも a

ler à
a. Secondevny. > Coordination
mo.

a à

* (Fetemg) > da
Bean o Ge

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82. Coordination Compounds

Valence Bond Theory

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Coordination Compounds —

Valence Bond Theory

Strong [2007 dy ww の.

rin N
kess lire > pair! 9 = C/

Weak Feld lago:

More den —» nm AA
negehre perriry

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Coordination Compounds

Valence Bond Theory

(i) 다시 ger.

Cot > 24° us?

añ [|
Za LE

up

Odahedral damas » Powspin.

ine derbi
Mato
Ud

ARE © a (TOD
R

~.

86. Coordination Compounds ||Valence Bond Theory

去 = 一 6=-2 HAIR
CO(CN)6]3- U x
(i) [CO(CN)6] (te Een.

[nb La) 2 == BET
BA Us
aa otk»
Per y Dale Spin, duke cove mal

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87. Coordination Compounds || valence Bond Theory
(iii) [Ni(CN)4]2-
の
Moda -2 eee A ーー
Meer BA SIE

E

Ptye chiemes, Lew spin

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88. Coordination Compounds || valence Bond Theory

(iv) [Ni(Br)4]2- CN Grove,
Nite ュ at ug? 0 パー Wak
ALAN. XX ____-.
2 以 SON Oe va

I
EP eM, ha spins Perra.

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89. qui Me

Arda ld —=> asp
세 az
dx — da > w ーー sm do

deldaldio — tér
Anar 2
A)

90. Drawbacks 앙 VB7 .

I. Doesn't explain Colour

. Does not explain kinehe 4

themo の wavw と glabuhes

- No diftarnhatm beimern SEL

amd. の と し ・
- No quantitative inter prehation 앙
NO4nebhc data .

Adda

91. Coordination Compounds

Crystal Field Theory

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Crystal field splitting in octahedral field

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Coordination Compounds Crystal Field Theory

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[< Br-< SCN” < CIF < S2-< F- < OH < C,0,?< H,0 < NCS-< edta-< NH, < en < CN-< CO

Liu

Speorocuemia!
sil Lou À Class s À az Ok Oxalato a

Suno edin ammowia art m Noria canada 4 Ostern

95. Adda247
Coordination Compounds | | crystal Field Theory

Factors aftechne CESE (ola ile
一 -2Ao +?
『

Ligands (49

01000

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Coordination Compounds

Crystal Field Theory

(4) wu oxidation State -

[ 비 대 026) 22 (wi Cus02¢) NM

® Geometry.

>
sp > oct > terme rod
"2

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Average energy of the Splitting of d orbitals
free ion orbitals in spherical 。 in tetrahedral crystal
crystal field field

Fig.9.9: d orbital splitting in a tetrahedral crystal field.

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Coordination Compounds | | crystal Field Theory

LES
Electronic configuration of ¿4 when
(i) A0>P

(ii) A0<P _ pe
eel A ie

기 ba NTI TOR
La ウー

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de
Average energy of the Splitting of d orbitals

free ion orbitals in spherical 。 in tetrahedral crystal
crystal field field

ya

Fig.9.9: d orbital splitting in a tetrahedral crystal field.

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Coordination Compounds | | crystal Field Theory

Energy Ezhe ET sec
shu 2
A > : +2 >
oy N
Eno AL (nice), (iD), Ne)
5 Y b =
a
Es R>a>e

> Cab.