COMPOSTING TYPES in BOTANY PG 1ST YEAR.pptx

It is about composting type of the botany department

1. SANDRA M GEORGE I PG Botany AM24BOT014 COMPOSTING AND ITS TYPES 1

2. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS INTRODUCTION TO COMPOSTING ANAEROBIC COMPOSTING VERMICOMPOSTING CONTENTS AEROBIC COMPOSTING CONCLUSION AND REFERENCE 2

3. INTRODUCTION Composting is the natural decomposition of organic matter, such as food scraps and yard waste, facilitated by microorganisms. This process transforms waste into a dark, nutrient-rich material known as compost, which serves as a natural fertilizer for soil improvement. It reduce waste and create resources for our gardens. 3

4. BENEFITS OF COMPOSTING ENRICH SOIL SAVE MONEY PROTECT ENVIRONMENT REDUCE WASTE 4

5. HOW TO MAKE A COMPOST FROM KITCHEN WASTE 5

6. AEROBIC COMPOSTING 6 TYPES OF COMPOSTING ANAEROBIC COMPOSTING VERMICOMPOSTING

7. 7 AEROBIC COMPOSTING Aerobic composting breaks down organic matter using oxygen and microorganisms, producing nutrient-rich compost. This process genereates heat, which help kill harmful pathogens and weed seeds. Reduce landfill waste, minimize greenhouse gas emissions and improves soil health.

8. 8 PROCESS IN AEROBIC COMPOSTING

9. 9 BENEFITS OF AEROBIC COMPOSTING Break down organic waste quickly, producing compost in weeks or months. Generates heat that kills harmful pathogens and weed seeds. Reduce foul odors compared to anaerobic composting. Helps in waste management and reduces landfill burden.

10. ANAEROBIC COMPOSTING 10 Anaerobic composting is the breakdown of organic matter by microorganisms in the absence of oxygen, producing compost and gases like methane. Decomposition takes longer than aerobic composting, often requiring months or years. Produces methane which can be captured and used as an energy source.

11. 11 PROCESS IN ANAEROBIC COMPOSTING

12. 12 BENEFITS OF ANAEROBIC COMPOSTING It generates methane which can be used as a renewable energy source. Requires less monitoring and no turning. Helps manage organic waste efficiently reducing landfill burden. Enhances soil fertility and improve soil structure when used as a fertilizer.

13. VERMICOMPOSTING It is a method of making compost with the use of earthworms, which generally live in the soil, eat biomass and excrete it in digested form. The end product of vermicomposting is vermicompost. It contains N, P2O5 & K2O. Earthworms consume large quantities of organic matter and excrete soil as a cast. Earthworm is physically an aerator, chemically a degrader and biologically a stimulator in decomposer system.

14. VERMICOMPOSTING PROCESS 14

15. ADVANTAGES OF VERMICOMPOSTING It is a rich source of nutrients, vitamins, enzymes, antibiotics and growth hormones. Nutrient content of vermicompost is higher than traditional composts. It is a valuable soil amendment. It can be used as rooting medium . 15

16. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS AEROBIC COMPOSTING ANAEROBIC COMPOSTING VERMICOMPOSTING Requires oxygen (aerobic conditions). Occurs without oxygen (anaerobic conditions) Involves worms breaking down organic matter. Carried out by aerobic microorganisms Carried out by anaerobic microorganisms Carried out by worms and microorganisms in their digestive system. Takes a few weeks to months, depending on conditions. Can take several months to a year. Faster than aerobic or anaerobic, often a few months. Typically reaches high temperatures (50-70°C). Temperatures are lower (20-30°C). Temperature remains moderate (15-25°C). Produces nutrient-rich compost with balanced nutrients. Produces compost with fewer nutrients and more harmful substances (like methane). Produces nutrient-dense humus, rich in micronutrients. 16

17. 17 AEROBIC COMPOSTING ANAEROBIC COMPOSTING VERMICOMPOSTING Requires larger space and regular turning to ensure proper aeration. More compact and less space needed, no turning required Requires small to medium space, easily manageable in bins. Requires more labor (turning, aeration) and equipment for maintaining temperature. Lower labor costs; less maintenance required. Requires less labor once worms are set up, but needs maintenance. Environmentally friendly, produces little pollution. . Can produce methane, a potent greenhouse gas. Eco-friendly, as it reduces waste and creates high-quality compost

18. 18 CONCLUSION Composting is a vital practice for managing organic waste sustainably, turning it into valuable resources that benefit both the environment and our communities. By choosing the right composting method we can contribute to cleaner healthier planet. Aerobic composting : Involves oxygen-loving bacteria and microorganisms to break down organic materials. Fast decomposition, taking 2 to 3 months, if managed properly. Produces high-quality compost with minimal odor. Anaerobic composting : Takes place without oxygen, often in sealed environments. Slower decomposition process, taking several months to complete. Can produce unpleasant smells (methane, sulfur), but still effective.

19. 19 Vermicomposting: Relies on worms to break down organic matter, creating nutrient-rich worm castings. Best for small-scale composting, especially food scraps. Produces high-quality compost that boosts plant health and soil fertility. The benefits of composting include reduce landfill waste, improves soil health, environmental sustainability, cost efficient. Embracing composting reduces waste, enhances soil health, supports sustainable agriculture, and helps create a healthier planet for future generations.

20. 20 REFERENCE https://www.scribd.com https://www.moonshotcompost.com https://www.reasearchgate.net https://www.sciencedirect.com