Computer Fundamentals.

What is a Computer? This slide is for basic and beginner. who want to learn the computer. The Five Basic Operations of a Computer System. Basic Computer Organization, Two Types of Storage Data Processing Chart Two types of Number Systems ane in this slide.all are basic information of computer .how nay types of storage of computer .

1. COMPUTER FUNDAMENTALS Welcome To Presentation Submitted By : Pias kumar Student 1

2. ** What is Computer? Definition: Its an electronic Device that is used for information Processing. Computer.. Latin word.. compute Calculation Machine A computer system includes a computer, peripheral devices, and software. 2

3. ** The Five Basic Operations of a Computer System … 3

4. ** Central Processing Unit (CPU) * It is the brain of a computer system.. *It is responsible for controlling the operations of all other units of a computer system.. 4

5.   Program And Data Input   Primary Storage Secondary Storage Control Processing Unit Arithmetic Unit Output *** Basic Computer Organization 5

6. *** Two Types of Storage *** Primary Storage ** 1) Primary storage, also known as main storage or memory, is the area in computer  in which data is stored for quick access by the computer's processor. The terms random access memory (RAM) and memory are often as synonyms for primary  or main storage . ***Fast in operation ***Small Capacity ***Expensive 6

7. *** Secondary storage Secondary Storage Device. Alternatively referred to as external memory,  secondary memory, and auxiliary storage, a secondary storage device is a non-volatile  device that holds data until it is deleted or overwritten . ***Slow to operation ***Large Capacity ***Cheaper….. 7

8. *** Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) An arithmetic logic unit ( ALU ) is a digital circuit used to perform arithmetic and logic operations. It represents the fundamental building block of the central processing unit (CPU) of a computer. Modern CPUs contain very powerful and complex ALUs…. 8

9. *** Data Processing Data processing  is, generally, "the  collection  and manipulation of items of data to produce  meaningful  information." [1]  In this sense it can be considered a subset of  information processing , "the change (processing) of information in any manner detectable by an observer."  9

10. ** Data Processing Chart 10

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12. *** Evolution of Computer Blaise Pascal -- invented the first mechanical adding machine.. Baron Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz – invented the first calculator.. **Charles Babbage – the father of modern digital computers.. 12

13. *1940 – 1956: First Generation – Vacuum Tubes. These early computers used vacuum tubes as circuitry and magnetic drums for memory. ... *1956 – 1963: Second Generation – Transistors. ... *1964 – 1971: Third Generation – Integrated Circuits. ... *1972 – 2010: Fourth Generation – Microprocessors. * 2010-  : Fifth Generation – Artificial Intelligence 13

14. *** Number system • N o n-p os i t i o n a l nu mb e r s y s t em • P os i t i o n a l nu mb e r s y s t em • D e c i m al n u mb e r s y s t em • B i n a r y nu mb e r s y s t em • O c t al nu mb e r s y s t em • He x a d e c i m al nu mb e r s y s t em 14

15. *** Two types of Number Systems 15

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17. 17 Thank You… Any Question …?