concept of elimination-1(1).pdf also include urination

Concept if elimination

14. Question # 4
Disuss Commen problem
of urinary elimination?

15. vAltered urinary
Composition
•RBC,WBC_Hematuria
•Pus_pyuria
•Bacteria_Bacterunia
•Albumin_Albuminuria
•Protein_Proteinuria
•Glucose_Glycoruria
•Ketose_ketonuria

16. vAltered urinary
production
Polyuria
•It is a term related to the production of
abnormally large amount of urine by the
kidneys.
•Factors
•Excessive Fluids Intake
•Assosiated with disease such as diabetes militus ,
diabetes insipids
•presence of thirst ,dehydration and weight loss

17. Oliguria and Anuria
Oliguria
Oligutoa is low urine output,usually less than 500ml
a day.
 Anuria
Anuria refers to a lack of urine production.
 Factors
•Abnormal fluid losses or a lack of fluid intake
•presence of Hypotension,shock,or heart failure
•History of kidney disease

18. vAltered urinary
Elimination
Frequency or nocturia
Urinary Frequency
Urinary frequency is voiding at frequent intervals, that is
more than four to six times per day.
Nocturia
Nocturia is voiding two or more times at night.
Factors
•Pregnancy
•Increase in fluid intake
•UTI

19. Urgency
Urgency is the sudden ,strong desire to void
Factors
•Presence of psychological stress
•UTI
•Dysuria
•Dysuria means voiding that is either painful or diffcult.
•Factors
•Urinary tract inflammation
•Infection or injury to urinary Bladder
•Hematuria ,pyuria

20. Enuresis
Enuresis is repeated involuntray voiding beyond
4 to 5 year old.
 Factors
•Family History of enuresis
•Difficult access to toilt facilities
•Home Stress

21. Urinary Incontinence
Urinary Incontinence or involuntary leakage
of urine or loss of bladder control.
Factors
•Bladder Inflammation
•Spinal cord injury
•Difficulties in independent toileting
•Types
•stress urinary incontinence
•Urge urinary incontinence

22. Urinary Retention
When emptying of the bladder is impaired,
urine accumulates and the bladder becomes
overdistended,a condition known as urinary
retention.
Factors
•Prostatic Hypertrophy
•Surgery
•Some medications

23. Question # 5
Identify nursing
intervention For
commen urinary
problems?

24. Assessment
Nursing History
•Patterns of urination
•Symptoms ofurinary Alteration
•Factors affacting urination
•Physical Examination
•Gather History
•Conduct physical examination of urinary track
•Assess characteristics of urine
•Gather relevent labortaory and dignostic test data

25. Dignosing
•Urinary Incontinence
•Urinary Retention
•Risk for infection
•social isolation
•Risk for impaired skin integrity

26. Planning
•Maintain or restore a normal voiding pattern
•Regain normal urinary Output
•Prevent assosiated risk such as infection,skin
breakdown,fluid and electrolyte imbalance
and lowered self esteem
•perform toileting activites independently
with or without assistive devices

27. Implementation
Health promotion
•Patient Education
•Promoting normal micturation
•Stimulating micturation Reflex
•Maintain Elimination Habits
•Maintain edequate fluid intake
•Promoting complete bladder emptying
•Preventing infection
•Medication
•Cathetrization

28. Evalution
•Evaluate whether the patient has meet
outcomes and goals
•Check how the patient reports progress
made
•Help the patient redefine goals if
necessary
•Revise nursing intervention as indicated

29. Thank You