Concepts , typology of non governmental organization .k

1. CONCEPTS , TYPOLOGY OF NON GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION

2. CONCEPTS OF NGO The term non-governmental organization was first used in 1945 . A non-governmental organization (NGO) is a citizen-based association that operates independently of government, usually to deliver resources or serve some social purpose.

3. NGO can also be define as- According to World Bank :- “NGO’s are private organization that pursue activities to relieve suffering , promote the interest of the poor , protect environment , provide basic social services , or under take community development

4. According to Department of Public Information- An NGO is a not for profit , voluntary citizens’ group which is organized on a local , national or international level so as to address issues in support of the public good.

5. TYPOLOGY Orientation: Charitable: Needs of the poor/disaster relief (Feed the Hungry, Red Cross) Service: Provision of health, family planning or education (Planned Parenthood) Participatory : Self-help project with local people involvement (Habitat for Humanity) Empowering : Help poor people develop a clearer understanding of social, political, and economic factors (Amnesty International)

6. Level of operation: Community-based organizations Citywide organizations National NGOs International NGOs

7. TYPE DEFINATION EXAMPLE INGO International NGO’S Have membership across at least two countries. Medeeins sans Frontieres . BINGO Business oriented International NGO International labour Organization (ILO) ENGO Environmental NGO World wild life fund, friends of the earth, Greenpeace GINGO Genuine NGO’s – individuals are funded 100% by membership fees. Amnesty international GONGO Government oriented NGO’s International committee of red cross QUANGO Quasi –Autonomous NGO-Allow membership of states but rely on governmental funds. International Union for the Conservation of Nature NETWORKS Network of NGO’s working for same purpose Ban landmine a network of 1400 NGO’s in 90 countries. SOCIAL MOVEMENTS Lack of institutionalization , informal groupings of individuals for change in society. Green movement in Europe American civil rights movement

8. On the basis of world bank and Asian developmental bank- OPERATIONAL NGO – The main purpose of operational NGO is to design and implement the development-related projects. The scope of the Operational NGOs can be national, international or even community-based. ADVOCACY NGO – The main purpose of an Advocacy NGO is to promote a specific cause. It makes efforts to raise awareness and knowledge by doing various activities like lobbying, press work and activist events .

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