Concrete Package Part 3_ Tutorials on Modeling in Abaqus - HyperLyceum.pdf

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Modeling in Abaqus
Concrete
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Modeling in
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Welcome to Part 3 of our
Concrete and Composite
Structures Educational Package in
Abaqus! This section is tailored
for engineers and students eager
to explore the complexities of
steel-concrete interactions and
composite beam modeling.
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2. Through five engaging tutorials,
you’ll gain in-depth knowledge of
numerical simulations that are
essential for understanding the
behavior of advanced structural
systems.
From modeling steel-composite
joints to conducting tensile tests
on concrete specimens, each
tutorial is designed to provide a
hands-on learning experience.
You will tackle real-world
challenges, explore the intricacies
of material properties, and master
the fundamentals of finite
element analysis (FEA) in Abaqus.
Join us on this educational
journey to enhance your skills
and prepare for practical
applications in structural
engineering!
 
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Applications: Each tutorial
is based on actual industry
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3. 1
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Description
1-Numerical Simulation of Steel–
Concrete Joints and Composite
Beams
In this tutorial, we explore the numerical simulation of steel-concrete
joints and composite beams. The model comprises a concrete slab,
steel sheets, steel beams, and rigid bodies. A visual representation of
the assembled components is provided below.
Abaqus-D3-P1-1
 
For this simulation, the Concrete Damage Plasticity (CDP) material
model is employed to characterize the concrete, while an elastic-
plastic model is used for the steel components. A dynamic explicit step
with a smooth amplitude is chosen to apply the loading conditions
effectively. Surface-to-surface contact is assumed among the rigid
bodies, concrete slabs, and supporting elements. Additionally, perfect
contact is assumed between the steel sheets and the concrete. Beam
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5. elements have been used to model the connections between the steel
beams and sheets, as illustrated in the figure above. These connectors
are critical points that experience peak stress during loading.
Boundary conditions are applied to the rigid bodies, and it is essential
to use a high-quality mesh to ensure accurate results.
Upon completion of the simulation, data such as maximum stress,
strain, and both tensile and compressive damage can be extracted. A
selection of figures illustrating the results is shown below.
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6. Abaqus-D3-P1-2
 
Duration: 32 minutes
In this tutorial, you will learn how to create a model of steel-composite
joints and composite beams. Key topics include:
Introduction to the simulation with comparisons to previous
work using aluminum instead of steel.
Creating the components: Beam, Slab, Fur, and Rigid parts with
specific dimensions and geometries.
Understanding concrete damage behavior using the Concrete
Damaged Plasticity (CDP) model and referencing essential data
and equations.
Importing necessary materials such as CDP for concrete and
creating a new material for steel with specified properties.
Assigning sections to parts and ensuring correct material
properties are applied across the model.
Assembling the parts, adjusting positions to eliminate
interference, and applying tie constraints between components.
Setting up dynamic explicit analysis steps, defining constraints,
and generating contact properties for interactions.
Meshing all sections of the model and preparing it for
simulation.
Running the simulation and reviewing results, including
deformation and damage analysis, along with troubleshooting
any errors encountered during the process.
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7.  
2-Simulation of a Steel Beam
Reinforced Concrete Under
Compression Loads Using Abaqus
In this tutorial, we examine the simulation of a steel beam reinforced
concrete structure subjected to compression loads in Abaqus. The
beam and concrete are represented as three-dimensional components,
and a visual representation of the assembled model is shown below.
Abaqus-D3-P2-1
 
The material properties of the steel beam are modeled to exhibit
elastic, plastic, and ductile damage behavior, while the concrete
utilizes a concrete damage plasticity model. Two rigid bodies are
created to represent the hydraulic system and the support structure.
Both static and dynamic analysis methods can be applied in this
simulation; however, the dynamic explicit procedure is preferred to
mitigate convergence issues and enhance computational efficiency.
A general contact algorithm is implemented across all components,
with perfect contact assumed between the steel beam and the
concrete. Boundary conditions are assigned to the top and bottom
rigid surfaces, and displacement control is implemented to determine
the maximum load capacity of the system. A well-defined mesh is
crucial for obtaining accurate simulation results.
Once the simulation is complete, the results provide insights into
various types of damage sustained by the beam and concrete,
including ductile, tensile, and compressive damage. The reaction force
versus displacement diagram illustrates the maximum load-bearing
capacity of the assembled structure. Several results from this
simulation are presented below.
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9. Abaqus-D3-P2-2
 
Duration: 19 minutes
In this tutorial, you will learn how to perform a compression test on a
concrete beam reinforced with steel. Key topics include:
Creating the structural components using the “Create Part”
window, including the Beam and Concrete-Column.
Setting up the geometry by drawing lines and circles to define
each part accurately, followed by mirroring shapes to complete
the design.
Importing necessary material properties from specified libraries
and adjusting parameters based on provided compressive data
from an Excel file.
Assigning materials and sections to the parts, ensuring that each
component is properly defined for the simulation.
Setting up the assembly by aligning components, creating
instances, and managing their positions within the model
context.
Configuring the simulation step parameters, including mass
scaling, output requests, and interaction properties, to ensure a
realistic representation of the test.
Running the simulation and checking for errors, with emphasis
on troubleshooting and reviewing results visually and
quantitatively post-analysis.
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10. Analyzing the results, checking for damage and deformation to
understand the beam’s performance under compression.
 
3-Dynamic Tensile Test Simulation of
a Concrete Specimen in Abaqus
This tutorial focuses on the simulation of a dynamic tensile test for a
concrete specimen using Abaqus. The concrete component is modeled
as a three-dimensional object. Typically, the Concrete Damage
Plasticity model is employed to assess both compressive and tensile
damage in concrete under static or dynamic loading conditions.
However, in this tutorial, we utilize dynamic loading with the Johnson-
Holmquist (JH) material model. This model is commonly applied to
simulate high-velocity impacts or blast loading on brittle materials, but
we will use it here to observe separation and failure phenomena.
Below is a figure depicting the geometry of the model.
Abaqus-D3-P3-1
 
For the analysis, a dynamic explicit step and a pressure load with
smooth amplitude are applied. To ensure optimal failure characteristics
in the center of the concrete specimen, a fine mesh is necessary in that
region. The JH2 material model can be implemented using either a
VUMAT subroutine or by modifying the input file to incorporate an
embedded subroutine. In this tutorial, we will adopt the second
approach.
Following the simulation, the results display significant damage and
separation within the concrete specimen. Several figures showcasing
these outcomes are presented below.
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11. Abaqus-D3-P3-2
 
Duration: 21 minutes
In this tutorial, you will learn how to conduct a tensile test on a
concrete sample using the JH2 material model. Key topics include:
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12. Creating a single part for the concrete sample, specifying
dimensions and geometry for accurate modeling.
Configuring the material properties using the JH2 model and
setting up the parameters required for simulation.
Setting up a dynamic explicit step for the analysis, with specific
time periods and output requests to monitor damage and
failure.
Applying loads to the sample and adjusting the simulation based
on data from an Excel file for the concrete’s compressive
strength.
Performing meshing with specific sizes to ensure accuracy in the
results.
Writing the input file for simulation and modifying it for the JH2
material parameters prior to running the analysis.
Reviewing simulation results, including damage metrics and
observing behaviors in the simulation outcome.
 
4-Simulation of Steel-Concrete
Composite Columns Under Vertical
and Horizontal Loads Using Abaqus
In this tutorial, we investigate the simulation of steel-concrete
composite columns subject to both vertical and horizontal loads using
Abaqus. Steel-concrete composite columns are innovative structural
members that have gained popularity due to their high load-bearing
capacity and efficient material use, as well as their outstanding
stiffness, ductility, and energy absorption capabilities. By combining
reinforced concrete (RC) with structural steel sections, these columns
offer significant advantages over traditional reinforced concrete and
steel solutions. The concrete element provides fire resistance to the
steel components, preventing buckling and contributing to overall
structural stability. Utilizing steel-concrete composite columns
positively affects the concrete strains when compared to those
observed in standard reinforced concrete columns. However, to ensure
performance under axial loads, fire exposure, or seismic activity, Steel-
Reinforced Concrete (SRC) columns require appropriate longitudinal
and transverse reinforcements to mitigate the risk of concrete spalling.
In this simulation, the concrete column and the steel beam core are
modeled as three-dimensional solid parts, with the reinforcement bars
represented as wire elements and the pusher plate as a rigid
component. A visual representation of the assembled parts is shown
below.
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13. Abaqus-D3-P4-1
 
The steel members are modeled using an elastic-plastic material with a
ductile damage criterion, while the Concrete Damage Plasticity (CDP)
model is applied to the concrete column. This tutorial distinguishes
between general static and dynamic explicit procedures, comparing
the results at the conclusion of the simulations. Perfect contact is
assumed between the concrete and steel beam, with the bars
embedded within the concrete matrix. A vertical concentrated load is
applied to the top surface of the column, and a pressure load is
enacted on the side surface of the concrete.
Upon completing both the static and dynamic simulations, a variety of
results—including stress, strain, damage, displacement, and force
diagrams—are available for analysis. Below, you can find figures
illustrating the outcomes of these two simulations.
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15. Abaqus-D3-P4-2
 
Duration: 31 minutes
In this tutorial, you will learn how to simulate a steel-concrete column
under compression using Abaqus. Key topics include:
Creating parts for the Concrete, Steel-Beam, Rec, Hor, and Rigid
elements with specified dimensions.
Importing material properties for concrete and steel from the
appropriate libraries and reviewing the parameters.
Setting inertia properties for the rigid part and creating sections
for each modeled part, including defining beam sections for the
Hor and Rec parts.
Assembling the components properly in the model and creating
instances to reflect their interactions.
Defining constraints, loads, and history output requests to
simulate the compression accurately.
Performing meshing across different parts to ensure a refined
analysis and conducting both static and explicit simulations.
Comparing results from both static and explicit analyses to
evaluate their performance under the given conditions.
 
5-Simulation of Inclined Concrete-Filled Steel Tube Columns
(CFST) Under Axial Load Using Abaqus
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16. In this tutorial, we analyze the simulation of an inclined concrete-filled
steel tube (CFST) column subjected to axial load using Abaqus. In this
model, the concrete core is represented as a three-dimensional solid
part, while the steel tube is modeled as a shell component, and a rigid
plate is included as a discrete rigid body. A visual illustration of the
assembled parts is shown below.
Abaqus-D3-P5-1
 
The use of concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) columns in construction
has been established for over four decades. These composite columns
leverage the advantageous properties of both materials, with the
interaction between the hollow steel section and the concrete core
enhancing structural performance compared to the individual
components, all while maintaining cost efficiency. To satisfy
contemporary architectural, aesthetic, and construction demands,
various configurations such as inclined, tapered, and straight-tapered-
straight (STS) members are employed in long-span structures, viaduct
piers, and high-rise buildings.
To model the behavior of the concrete, the Concrete Damage Plasticity
(CDP) model is implemented, while the steel is modeled with an
elastic-plastic approach paired with a ductile damage criterion.
The simulation is conducted using two methods: first, a dynamic
explicit approach and second, a general static method. The results
from both simulations are subsequently compared. An ideal contact
condition is assumed between the steel and concrete components,
and a general contact algorithm incorporating friction behavior is
employed. Appropriate boundary conditions are applied to the rigid
bodies, ensuring a consistent mesh size for both the concrete and
steel tube.
Following the simulations, a range of results—including stress, strain,
damage analysis, and force-displacement diagrams—are made
available for review. Several figures illustrating these results can be
found below.
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17. Abaqus-D3-P5-2
 
Duration: 26 minutes
In this tutorial, you will learn how to create a simulation model of an
inclined column subjected to axial load. Key topics include:
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18. Creating parts for the simulation, including Concrete, Steel, and
S-Rigid, with specific dimensions to observe buckling behavior.
Importing materials and adjusting properties to utilize Concrete
Damaged Plasticity (CDP) for the column and defining the steel
material from the pre-existing library.
Setting up the assembly with the correct alignment and
constraints to ensure accurate simulation and interaction
between components.
Defining analysis steps, including both dynamic and static
simulations, while noting potential convergence issues with static
analysis.
Meshing the model effectively to prepare it for simulation.
Running both dynamic and static analyses to compare results
and examining key output such as buckling behavior and
reaction forces.
Creating and analyzing XY plots for key variables, including force
vs. displacement, to draw conclusions about the structural
performance under load.
 
Join us in part 4 (https://hyperlyceum.com/?
post_type=product&p=16166&preview=true) as we expand our
investigations into the cutting-edge world of concrete technology and
its applications in protective design and construction.
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