Conditionals - Grammar explanation

1. 1
CONDITIONAL CLAUSES
•IF introduces a condition – something which
may or may not happen, depending on
circumstances.
If it rains, we will stay at home
If you don’t study, you won’t pass.
•the MAIN clause presents the results
If it rains, we will stay at home

2. 2
Zero conditional
They present real facts, scientific truths
If you heat water to 100 degrees , It boils
If you heat ice, it melts
+ Present SimplePresent SimpleIF / When

3. 3
ZERO CONDITIONALS
EXAMPLES
If you don’t eat, you die
If it doesn’t rain, the grass doesn’t grow
Ice floats if you drop it into water
If you put oil into water, it floats
My teacher gets angry if I am late.

4. 4
CONDITIONAL I
•When something is possible now or in the future. We can also give
advice or issue a threat or warning.
If she studies, she will pass the Geography
test. (It is possible!!)
Will
Can
May / might
Imperative
Must
Should
Present Simple + IF
UNLESS

5. 5
FIRST CONDITIONAL
EXAMPLES
If you want, I will buy it.
If you want it, you can have it
If you want it, buy it yourself (advice).
Your teacher will get angry if you are late
(warning)

6. 6
► UNLESS = IF NOT
If it doesn’t rain,We will go out for a walk
UNLESS It rains, we will go out for a walk
► REWRITE THESE SENTENCES USING UNLESS
If we don’t finish soon, we will miss the train
If he doesn’t swim , he won’t go to the swimming pool
Unless we finish soon, we will miss the train
Unless he swims, he won’t go to the swimming pool

7. 7
CONDITIONALII
(HYPOTHETICAL)
This type of conditional clause shows a hypothetical
situation. It could happen but it isn’t probable.
If I won the lottery , I would buy a car immediately
► SPECIAL RULES :
TO BE IS ALWAYS WERE
If he were here , he would help me ( but he isn’t here, so he
can’t help me)
If I were you, I would…. (advice)
Would
Might
Could
Past Simple +
IF
UNLESS

8. 8
CONDITIONALII
(HYPOTHETICAL)
EXAMPLES
If I lived to be 100, I would probably be very
tired
If we bought the house, we’d need to sell our
car
We would have to cancel the game if it rained
If I were you, I would talk to him