Conference PPT, DFIG based Wind Energy Conversion System

Renewable Energy Sources like Wind, Solar etc. are alternatives for fossil fuels.
However, Intermittent Characteristics of RE sources like wind shall fluctuate the power output of the wind turbine generator (WTG).
When the large scale WTG is connected to the grid, PQ problem arises.
Wind Loading conditions disrupt the Power Quality (PQ) & Fundamental Frequency components also the reason for interruption of PQ.
Active Harmonic Filters (AHFs), Passive Harmonic Filters (PHFs) and Energy Storage Systems improves the grid regulation by smoothening the power output from the WTG to meet the load and peak demand thereby increase the reliability of the RE grid connected system.
This paper focuses on control strategies for PQ & different loading conditions.
SCIG - Type-I Wind Generator.
WRIG - Type-II Wind Generator.
Type-I and Type-II used only for Fixed Wind Speed Conditions and we have the problems of sag, swell and transients.

DFIG - Type-III Wind Generator.
Full Converter- Type-IV Wind Generator.
Type-III and Type-IV used for variable wind speed conditions and we experience the problems of harmonics in the grid side.
Voltage Sag (Dip)
Voltage Spikes
Voltage Swell
Harmonic Distortion
Voltage Fluctuations
Noise
Voltage Imbalance
Filters
Isolation Transformers
Voltage Regulators
Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR)
Uninterruptable Power Supply (UPS)
Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC)
Static VAR Compensator (SVC)
Thyristor Based Static Switch (TBSS)
Passive Harmonic Filters.
Active Harmonic Filters.
Mechanical Energy Storage System
Electrochemical Energy Storage System
Thermal Energy Storage System
Electrical Energy Storage System
Hydrogen Based Storage System
To store the excess energy from the renewable energy when demand is low and this energy in the high demand time.
Enabling the fast response characteristics to variations between demand and supply.
Provides active and reactive power support to the system when the power from renewable energy sources fluctuates.
In the grid connected mode, it provides reactive power support for stabilizing the system voltages.
Peak Shaving.
VAR Support.
Oscillation Damping.
Power Quality.
Voltage Support.
Long Term Load Leveling
The most effective way to solve harmonic problems is to use an active harmonic filter in that Hybrid Filters.
Another way to remove the PQ issues by using the BESS (Battery Energy Storage System).
One wat to control the switching time by using a different optimization techniques
[1] M. Latka and M. Nowak Analysis of Electrical Power Quality Parameters in Power Grid With Attached Wind Farm 2017 Progress in Applied Electrical Engineering (PAEE).
[2] A. Bubshait and A. Mortezaei Power Quality Enhancement for a Grid Connected Wind Turbine Energy System 2017 IEEE Transaction on Industrial Applications No. 3 53 pp. 2496–2505.
[3] M. Tuka Review on Power Quality Problems on-Grid Connected Wind Power System, 2016 International Journal of Advanced Information Science & Technology

1. A Paper Presentation on Control Strategies for Improvement of Power Quality in Grid Connected Variable Speed WECS with DFIG - An Overview Paper ID-192 4 th International Conference Intelligent Circuits & Systems ( ICICS-2022) 8-9 th April 2022, LPU-Jalandhar *Pradeep Singh, **Dr. Krishan Arora, ***Dr. Umesh C. Rathore . *Research Scholar, LPU-Jalandhar, ** Associate Professor, LPU-Jalandhar, *** Professor, Govt. Hydro Engg . College- Bandla , Bilaspur , HP 3/3/2023 1

2. POWER SCENARIO IN INDIA…… Coal (56 %) Hydro (14 %) Wind (10 %) Solar (8 %) Gas (7 %) Bio-Power (3 %) Nuclear (2 %) 3/3/2023 2

3. POWER SCENARIO EXPECTED BY 2039-2040 Coal (32 %) Hydro ( 9 %) Wind ( 17 %) Solar (36 %) Gas (3 %) Bio-Power (1 %) Nuclear (2 %) 3/3/2023 3

4. INTRODUCTION Renewable Energy Sources like Wind, Solar etc. are alternatives for fossil fuels. However, Intermittent Characteristics of RE sources like wind shall fluctuate the power output of the wind turbine generator (WTG). When the large scale WTG is connected to the grid, PQ problem arises. Wind Loading conditions disrupt the Power Quality (PQ) & Fundamental Frequency components also the reason for interruption of PQ. Active Harmonic Filters (AHFs), Passive Harmonic Filters (PHFs) and Energy Storage Systems improves the grid regulation by smoothening the power output from the WTG to meet the load and peak demand thereby increase the reliability of the RE grid connected system. This paper focuses on control strategies for PQ & different loading conditions. 3/3/2023 4

5. TYPES OF WIND GENERATORS SCIG - Type-I Wind Generator. WRIG - Type-II Wind Generator. Type-I and Type-II used only for Fixed Wind Speed Conditions and we have the problems of sag, swell and transients. DFIG - Type-III Wind Generator. Full Converter- Type-IV Wind Generator. Type-III and Type-IV used for variable wind speed conditions and we experience the problems of harmonics in the grid side. 3/3/2023 5

6. POWER QUALITY PROBLEMS Voltage Sag (Dip) Voltage Spikes Voltage Swell Harmonic Distortion Voltage Fluctuations Noise Voltage Imbalance 3/3/2023 6

7. POWER QUALITY SOLUTIONS Filters Isolation Transformers Voltage Regulators Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) Uninterruptable Power Supply (UPS) Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) Static VAR Compensator (SVC) Thyristor Based Static Switch (TBSS) 3/3/2023 7

8. HARMONIC MITIGATION TECHNIQUES Passive Harmonic Filters . Active Harmonic Filters . 3/3/2023 8

9. 3/3/2023 9 Active Power Filters Lattice Structure Standard Switched Hybrid Filters Shunt Active Filter + Series Active Filter Voltage Structure UPQC Series Active Filters Shunt Active Filters Shunt Active Filter + Series Passive Filter Series Active Filter + Shunt Active Filter Capacitor Inverted Series Active Filter + Shunt Passive Filter Current Fed Inverter Voltage Fed Inverter CLASSIFICATION OF ACTIVE HARMONIC FILTERS (AHFS)

10. TYPES OF ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM (ESS) Mechanical Energy Storage System Electrochemical Energy Storage System Thermal Energy Storage System Electrical Energy Storage System Hydrogen Based Storage System 3/3/2023 10

11. BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM To store the excess energy from the renewable energy when demand is low and this energy in the high demand time. Enabling the fast response characteristics to variations between demand and supply. Provides active and reactive power support to the system when the power from renewable energy sources fluctuates. In the grid connected mode, it provides reactive power support for stabilizing the system voltages. 3/3/2023 11

12. APPLICATIONS OF BESS Peak Shaving . VAR Support . Oscillation Damping . Power Quality. Voltage Support. Long Term Load Leveling . 3/3/2023 12

13. BASIC MATLAB MODEL FOR A WINDMILL 3/3/2023 13

14. WAVEFORMS OF BASIC MODEL FOR WECS…… 3/3/2023 14 Output Power with the change in wind speed

15. ……WAVEFORMS OF BASIC MODEL FOR WECS 3/3/2023 15 Rotor Speed with the change in wind speed Grid Voltage due to Voltage Dips

16. ……WAVEFORMS OF BASIC MODEL FOR WECS 3/3/2023 16 Grid Voltage due to Voltage Dips Bus Voltage due to Voltage Dips

17. ……WAVEFORMS OF BASIC MODEL FOR WECS 3/3/2023 17 Torque Variation with the change in wind speed

18. CONCLUSION The most effective way to solve harmonic problems is to use an active harmonic filter in that Hybrid Filters. Another way to remove the PQ issues by using the BESS (Battery Energy Storage System). One wat to control the switching time by using a different optimization techniques 3/3/2023 18

19. 3/3/2023 19 References [1] M . Latka and M. Nowak Analysis of Electrical Power Quality Parameters in Power Grid With Attached Wind Farm 2017 Progress in Applied Electrical Engineering (PAEE). [2] A . Bubshait and A. Mortezaei Power Quality Enhancement for a Grid Connected Wind Turbine Energy System 2017 IEEE Transaction on Industrial Applications No. 3 53 pp. 2496–2505. [3] M . Tuka Review on Power Quality Problems on-Grid Connected Wind Power System, 2016 International Journal of Advanced Information Science & Technology (IJAIST) 5 No. 4 pp. 96–108. [4] M . Momeni1 and A. H. Mazinan Improvement of Power Quality in Grid-Connected Inverter Through Adaptation-Based Control Strategy 2019 Energy Ecology & Environment . [5] Eklas Hossain and Mehmet Rida Tür Analysis and Mitigation of Power Quality Issues in Distributed Generation Systems Using Custom Power Devices 2018 IEEE Access 6 pp. 16816–16833. [6] S . Dhakulkar et. al. Inspection of Voltage Sags and Voltage Swells Incident in Power Quality Problems - A Review, 2017 International Research Journal of Engineering & Technology 4 No. 1 pp. 1734–1736. [7] H . Samet and A. Asghar Bagheri Enhancement of SVC Performance in Flicker Mitigation of Wind Farm, 2017 IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution 11 No. 15 pp. 3823–3834. [8] S . Alwin and M. Marsaline Beno Design of Hybrid Active Filter for Harmonic Reduction, 2017 Journal of Advance Research in Dynamical & Control Systems No. 7 9 pp.106 -112. [9] Y . Hoon et. al. Control Algorithms of Shunt Active Power Filter for Harmonic Mitigation-A Review 2017 Energies No. 12 10 pp. 1-29. [10] Jawad Hussain et. al. Power Quality Improvement of Grid Connected Wind Energy System Using DSTATCOM-BESS 2019 International Journal of Renewable Energy Research 9 No. 3. [11] Subhendu Sekhar Sahooet et. al. A Coordinated Control Strategy Using Super-Capacitor Energy Storage and Series Dynamic Resistor for Enhancement of Fault-Ride Through of Doubly Fed Induction Generator 2019 International Journal of Green Energy 16 Issue. 8 .

20. 3/3/2023 20 [12] Jayalakshmi N. S. et. al. Power Smoothening Method of PMSG Based Grid Integrated Wind Energy Conversion System Using BESS/STATCOM, 2019 International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 10 NO. [13] Irfan Hussain Panhwar et. al. Mitigating Power Fluctuations for Energy Storage in Wind Energy Conversion System Using Super-capacitors, 2020 Special Section on Evolving Technologies in Energy Storage Systems for Energy System Applications 8 189747-189760. [14] Adnan Sattar et. al. Testing the Performance of Battery Energy Storage in a Wind Energy Conversion System 2018 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting (IAS) 23-27. [15] Arindam Das et. al. TSBC Converter with BESS for DFIG-Based Wind Energy Conversion System, 2020 IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 56 No. 6. [16] Ruo Huan Yang and Jian Xun Jin Unified Power Quality Conditioner with Advanced Dual Control for Performance Improvement of DFIG-Based Wind Farm, 2021 IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy 12 Issue. 1. [17] Ashwani Kumar et. al. Fuzzy Distribution Static Compensator Based Control Strategy to Enhance Low Voltage Ride Through Capability of Hybrid Renewable Energy System, 2021 Journal of Energy Sources Part A: Recovery Utilization and Environmental Effects pp. 1-18. [18] N . Abdul Rahman et. al. Significant Insights into the Operation of DC-Link Voltage Control of a Shunt Active Power Filter Using Different Control Algorithm - A Comparative Study 2017 Turkish Journal Electrical Engineering Computer Science 25 pp. 2033–2043. [19] Wessam A. Hafez et. al. Power Quality Issues of Grid Connected Wind Energy System Focus on DFIG and Various Control Techniques of Active Harmonic Filter: A Review 2019 International Middle East Power Systems Conference (MEPCON) pp. 1006-1014.

21. 3/3/2023 21 THANK YOU