CONSTRUCTION OF A VIP PIT LATRINE IN A WATER AREA.ppt

Construction of a pit latrine in water logged areas

1. WELCOME
Who are you?
Facilitators:
1.NtagungiraAlfred
2.ByengeGodfrey
3.AlloraCatherine

2. CONSTRUCTION OFAPIT LATRINE INHIGH WATER TABLE
AREA
AND
WATER-LOGGED AREAS

3. What is a pit latrine?
This is a sanitation facility that collects human waste into a whole that is in
the ground.
What is a high-water table?
A high-water table refers to a state when the rock and surrounding ground
materials join theupper soil layer due to an excessive amount of water
beneath it.

4. How do I know if my water table is high?
When rainwater fail to percolate through the soil, it's likely the surface is
already saturated due to a high-water table.

5. What causes a high-water table?
High water table occurs when there's heavy rain in the area or when
the water from higher elevations spreads into an area.

6. What kind of latrine should you use in a high-water table area?
Should be raised above ground level. (Should be higher than the height
of the flood)
Should have a concrete base.(should be covered from all sides including
the base)
Should have a wall lining inside.
Should be dug during the dry season
Should have trenches around it.

7. Water is an important material for construction. However, water
is the worst threat toconstructed structures.
1.Construct floor above ground level (min 2ft)
2.Use DPM and DPC
3.Build a splash apron
4.Make a water trench.
5.Use water proof cement
The Dos

8. The Don'ts
Don’t build on top of tree
logs.
Don’t place tree logs
directly on the ground
level.

9. Specification Reason
1.At least 30 meters from a
ground water supply (e.g. well)
To minimize ground water
contamination
2.On slightly raised groundSo that rain water can
drain away easily
3.On firm soil To reduce the risk of the
latrine collapsing
BEST LOCATION OF A LATRINE

10. 1000L tank Culverts
Other Pit lining options

11. Procedures of building a pit latrine
1.Setting out

12. 2. Excavation
Depth of the Pit should not interact with the water table.
Add 500mm working space around all sides.
Apply ant-termite treatment to the bottom and sides of the pit.

13. 3.Fix column cage and cast slab
Place four columns, one at each corner for less than 4m length pits.
Y12 bars, R8 rings 150mm spacing C/C
4.Build Substructure

14. Build the remaining part up to above ground level.
Plaster the inside of the pit with a 1:3 mortar mix and smooth
finish of a cement paste with water proofing additive.

15. 5.Cast beam above the lining, and then slab.

16. 5.Build superstructure
Mortar mix 1:4
Check water level after every 3 courses Build up to 2.1m

17. 7.Cast ring beam or lintel.
Then add about three courses to the front side to create the
slope for the roofing.

18. 8.Roofing
Use timber treated against termite. (mix tanalith chemical with
water and dip timber there for 48 hrs

19. 9.Put facia boards
9.Build splash apron
Excavate, and compact before Concrete blinding.
Use Grade 15 concrete (1:3:6)

20. 11.Fix doors
They should be on plumb and firm.
12.Plastering and flooring 1:4 mortar mix
Floor should slope into the drop holes.

21. 13.Fix vent pipe.
Should be 450mm above roofing sheet
14.Land scaping
Make sure the areas surrounding the pit latrine are
clean.

22. MATERIALS USED
The superstructure can be made from materials including bamboo, grass
matting, wood, plastic or metal sheeting.
The Substructure however has to be strong, durable and water resistant.
1. Bricks
2. Sand

23. 3. OrdinaryCement
4. Waterproof cement

24. 5. Aggregates
6. Hard core

25. 7. PVC pipe/Vent pipe
8. Wiremesh.

26. 9. Steel bars.
10.DPM

27. 11.Concrete:
Composite material composed of aggregates bonded
with cement and sand using water.
Concrete Grades/Classes
Mix Ratio
M25 1:1:2
M20 1:1.5:3
M15 1:2:4
M10 1:3:6
M7.5 1:4:8
M5 1:5:10

28. GROUP ACTIVITY
Mudhumba, a local farmer, consults you about building a
latrine in the compound of his home. He is an open-
minded man who is keen to improve life for his family.
He has a wife and three children. They get their water
from a well in the compound. The area is water logged
with high water table.
a. Which typeof latrine would you recommend, and why?
b. What advice would you give him about the locationof the
latrine?
c. List the materials you would need to build that latrine.

29. NOTE
The method you use to build a latrine
depends on;
Amount of water in the area eg;
From below, from the sides, ground
floods.
The financial ability of the family.

31. Thank you