Construction_of_Transformer_Veeresh_Final.pptx

Bee

1. Construction of Transformer Prepared by: Veeresh Gurunanak Institute of Technical Campus

2. Introduction • A transformer is an electrical device used to transfer electrical energy between two or more circuits through electromagnetic induction. • It operates on alternating current (AC). • The main purpose is to step up or step down voltage levels.

3. Main Components Overview The transformer consists of the following main parts: • Core • Windings • Insulation • Tank • Cooling system • Bushings • Conservator & Breather • Tap Changer

4. Core • The core is made of laminated soft iron or silicon steel. • It provides a low reluctance path for magnetic flux. • Laminations reduce eddy current losses.

5. Windings • Transformers have two main windings: - Primary winding: connected to the AC supply. - Secondary winding: connected to the load. • The turns ratio determines the voltage transformation ratio (V1/V2 = N1/N2).

6. Insulation and Tank • Insulating materials (paper, varnish, enamel) prevent short circuits. • The metallic tank encloses the core and windings. • Transformer oil provides insulation and cooling.

7. Cooling System • Removes heat produced inside the transformer. • Types: - Air cooled (small transformers) - Oil cooled (large transformers) • Forced cooling methods: ONAN, ONAF.

8. Accessories • Conservator: stores extra oil and manages expansion. • Breather: contains silica gel to absorb moisture. • Bushings: provide insulated connections. • Tap Changer: adjusts output voltage.

9. Types of Transformer Construction • Core Type: windings surround the core limbs. • Shell Type: core surrounds the windings. • Shell type offers better mechanical protection and less leakage flux.

10. Conclusion • Transformers are vital in electrical power systems. • They enable efficient voltage transformation with minimal energy loss. • Proper construction ensures reliability and long life.

11. Thank You Prepared by: Veeresh Gurunanak Institute of Technical Campus